Rock painting is a unique cultural heritage painted on the mountain rock，Rock painting is mainly to collect the works of hunters and herders，Because there are only hunters and shepherds，Especially when shepherds have the opportunity to accompany time with time when they grazing or in Winter Wozi。Whether it is the pastor of the bronze age or the nomadic before the 6th century AD，None of the text，and belief in Shamanism，So，Similar pictures are still these people using grassland resources to express beliefs、Record History、The main means to show artistic beauty and hobbies。Even after the 6th century AD，Grassland Nomads began to use text and believe in global religion that beliefs with scriptures，Because there is still a shaman belief，So，Although the rock painting has been reduced，But still sporadic stars continue to exist。In summary，Most of the rock paintings belong to the prehistoric period of the stone era and metal era，It is mainly the product of human society outside the ancient farm civilization center，Live in the grassland、Forest、Mountains 'herds' works are the main。These rock paintings are the silent songs of the silent soul of all the shepherds who believe in all things，It is a historical narrative that records the major moment of the pastoral society，It is an art game for self -entertainment when the lone shepherd grazing，It is an effective way to release the inner aesthetics and spiritual power of the shepherd。

　　Bet365 app download Fukang City Bogda Longji Mountain Rock painting

Mountain and ground areas, which are mainly animal husbandry in ancient China，For example, Inner Mongolia、Ningxia、Xinjiang and Tibet，Most of them have rock painting distribution。Xinjiang is a region with more rock paintings，The landform of Xinjiang is summarized as "Three Mountains and Two Pot"，Altai Mountain、Tianshan and Kunlun Mountain have rock paintings，Know so far，The largest number of Altai Mountains，Tianshan second，Kunlun Mountain is less。

In the colorful rock paintings of Tianshan，Longji Mountain Rock painting under the north slope of Pogda Peak is due to some rare features，Become a pearl in many rock paintings。This rock painting is located in Longji Mountain in the upper reaches of the Four Workers River Valley, deep in Tianshan, Fukang City, Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture，About 3569 meters above sea level，The famous Tianshan Tianchi is located in Sangonghe, one mountain in the west。This belongs to Gaohan Mountain District，There are fewer vegetation on the surface，distributed with ground clothes、Xuelian、Wild Poppy、Cuiquetter、Jinlian、Jin Jiao、Baili Xiang、More than a dozen low -cold -resistant plants such as plum blossoms。The Longji Mountain where the rock painting is located is a protruding east -west stone vein at the bottom of the north -south rivers valley，Mountains on the east and the east bank of the Wagong River Valley vertically intersect，It looks like a dragon back。Sigar River gathers snow peaks and melts.，Pass two stations，On the edge of the second stage, it was leaked west by the flow of Longji Mountain.，Cut into the next stage under the weak place of rock body，Form a narrow valley。Longji Mountain rock volume、The area is relatively large，The rock body is yellow -brown、dark brown、Gray brown and dark brown，Due to long -term exposure to the sun，Black or dark brown rocks formed on the surface。

According to the production method，There are two main types of ancient rock paintings: one is to use minerals on rock body、Plants and other pigment painting; one is to use stone or metal tools on rock body。Longji Mountain Rock painting belongs to the latter，Jelly rock paintings are the painters after finding the appropriate bet365 best casino games rock，Also look for a stones that are tough and hardened than sunbath，This stone may be naturally suitable for hands，and there are cutting -edge protrusions，This way, the painter can use it directly。If you can't find the right，The painter must also use a certain repair，Manufacture a suitable stone tool。Through careful knocking，Use a lot of impact points，Dark rock surface on the surface of the rocky surface，Show light -colored rock body under the rock surface，Comparison with shades of shades，Form image。The image is mostly the silhouette of the characters and animals，Rough edges，Most of them have not been grinded。There are a small part of the edges comparison，Speed ​​surface，It may also be engraved with more hard -hard stone or metal tools。

2005，Bogda Peak Long Rock Coverer was discovered for the first time，Rock painting is located in a high place，Bad environment，There are some rock paintings because of long -term sun exposure、Wind erosion、Rain and snow frozen mellation and blur，Some places are also caused by the cracking of the rock body。Another，The carving of modern herdsmen also damages some ancient rock paintings。After becoming a city -level cultural relics protection unit in 2012，The protection of the fence and the preliminary logo，Rock painting has been effectively protected，plus high -altitude areas that are inaccessible，Most of the patterns on rock paintings are kept clear。

July 29, 2022 to August 6，The archeological investigation team of Bogda Peak Rock Capture is led by Fukang Cultural Sports Radio and Television and Tourism Bureau，Xinjiang Team Organizing Expert Team of the Institute of Archeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，Chi Wenjie, former deputy director of the Xinjiang International Expo Affairs Bureau specially invited to the expert consultant，Comprehensively examined the upstream rock paintings of Bogda Peak Four Workers River。As of now，About 150 groups of rock paintings found in this area。143 groups of Longji Mountain rock painting groups are large，The content is very rich，The pattern is mainly animal，Including cattle、Panyang、Beishang、Horse、Deer、Snow Leopard、Wolf、Wild pigs and camels，pictures of monomer animals and characters，There are also grazing、Hunting、Driving、Battle Pictures and other large -scale scenes of multi -person and multi -person group。

　Two unique examples:Longji Mountain Rock painting and Saimari Tastebash Rock

Early rock painted animal image is very characteristic，The body part is a relative composition of the two triangles in the front and back，Some tails up upward，Some tail drooping，The end of the rear is a triangle or ball -shaped。Antlers are divided into two forks，growth upward，Antlers babies grow outward on the main trunk of the antlers。Some horns are warped up，Corner tip relative，Roughly in a circle。The very meaningful is，This style of rock paintings have a lot of discovery in the famous rock painting site in Kyrgyzstan，The main rock painting style of this site is to express the animal body with two relative triangles。This rock painting group is located in a semi -closed valley at 3000-3500 meters above sea level，5-6 kilometers long north and south of the valley，East -west width 700-800 meters。On the south side of the valley is two mountain ridges connected by mountains，This ridge is actually part of the Ferganna watershed，The southern part of the ridge is another river that is finally injected into the Sir River。This valley can only be reached in August a year，Most of the snow this month has melted。Even in summer，The wind is also very large，Sometimes heavy rain for several days。When the weather is good，The scenery is very good。There are a total of seven lakes in this area，There is a large Ice Lake in the middle of the valley，Rock painting is mainly around this lake，There are four smaller lakes distributed in the south of the Lake and Southwest，The other two are on the Bet365 lotto review top of the ridge of the west，There is one on the ridge。In another valley on the southeast side of this main rock painting group,，There is also a rock painting location。In the eastern foot of this mountain area，connected to these valleys is a large mountain valley，lower altitude，It should be an important pasture for ancient shepherds。and in the west of this mountain，It is the famous Felganna Basin。This rock painting group is located on the watershed，It happens to be on the traffic road of the two regions over the watershed。

Sei Mari Tastebash Rock paintings rarely overlap each other。It can be seen that the cow crowd completed these rock paintings。Animal image has wild goats、Panyang、Cow、Deer、Horse、Camel、Dog、Wolf，Among them, wild goats and Pan sheep are the most。Camel is Shuangfeng Camel，But it is roughly engraved，There is a hunting scene、Religious dance scene、The scene of driving。Most cars are two solid wheels，The animals of the car are cow、Wild goats and horses, etc.，The scholar believes that what is performing is a special ritual。Generally there is a person with a fluttering hair behind the car，There is a tail behind the hips。There are many other scenes，Some describe snakes and wild goats in the middle of the characters，It is believed that it may be a ritual for high yield worship。Many rock paintings of the sun worship，For example, a person with a sun head，Bulls or wild goats symbolizing the sun，or a circle，There is a little bit in the middle。Rock painting can be divided into four groups，The earliest rock painting geometric style，Animals and human body are two triangles or squares，In addition, there are many themes of pulling cars，Times starts from the 3,000th BC，It belongs to the copper stone and uses the era to the bronze era。The composition of the second group of geometric composition weakened，Mainly human image、Symbol of the sun、worship ceremony、A single animal image。These two groups are the most important rock paintings of Saimari Tash，The times are almost。The third group is the first thousandth of AD，No geometric composition，Most of them are horses、Deer, etc.，Animals are manifested as standing or running，There are more scenes of hunting。The fourth group is 1,000 years after AD，Features is the so -called linear style，Most of the wild goats，relatively rough，No features。

Saimaritash's first group of animal body composition is two relatively triangular rock paintings very rare in other regions，So far, only Longji Mountain Rock paintings under the Peak Peak are similar。The animal's body of Bogda Peak Rock is added with various patterns，Improving artistic。The second group of rock paintings are found in multiple regions。For example, some themes of Tamgaly's rock paintings in Chuli Mountain, southeast of Kazakhstan are close to the second group of rock paintings in Saimritash's second group of rocks，Especially the image of the sun head。There are also rock paintings similar to the image of the sun head in the Ara Shan Koku River in the western part of the Basin of Junggar Basin，The era may be late until the second prime to the 2nd century BC。Generally speaking，Rock painting and herdsman's camp、Tomb is always distributed in the same area，Not too far apart，From the perspective of some research results，No more than 1 km。The rock paintings around the winter camp of the shepherd are more common，Rock paintings in high mountains are rare。The distribution of the distribution of the distribution position of Caimritash and Bogda Glacier Rock paintings is obviously inconsistent with these two general features。The altitude of these two places carved rock paintings、direction、The environment is almost consistent，For example, all are close to the local highest snow peak，Being in a semi -closed valley，Snow Peak is generally in the south of the rock painting，There are ice lakes nearby。Rock painting bet365 Play online games has an animal witchcraft、Everything has spirit、Feng Shui divination、Territory logos and improve creators' identity and other functions。These rock paintings may appear in the snow peak area away from the camp may have special reasons，It may be carved for worshiping Xuefeng or sacrificing the sky，or part of the creation when turning over the mountains。This discovery is for the people's animal husbandry life in the area of ​​the Bronze Age、Migration route、Exchanges and exchanges and Shenshan worship have important value。

　　Bridge of Civilization: Interaction along the crowd of Tianshan

The crowd of the creation of the Saimari Tasteboot group should be the mountain shepherd in the mountains mainly。These people should live in the eastern mountainous area of ​​the Fernanna Basin，Where did they come from earlier? Some people think that these people and Iranar (HISSAR)、The early culture of the SIALK site (SIALK) is related。The composition characteristics of the triangular animal body are found in the early relics of the Susa sites (SUSA) at the junction of Mesopotamia and the Iranian plateau.，Explain that one of these people and the world's civilization center -Mesopotamia and West Asia have some cultural relationship。This provides a possibility for studying the weak and indirect interactive relationship between the early Eastern and Western civilization centers in the Bronze Age。This is one aspect of the problem。Another aspect is，These people at the time and Namazga Culture in Central Asia in the West、Bacteria -Malgiana Culture is very close to the geographical location。So，Namazga Culture、The advanced cultural factors of the advanced cultural factors of Barktlia -Malgiana culture may be one of the important sources of bronze culture in Xinjiang and even the Ganqing area。

The 3rd Join of the BC to the Early Thousand Age of BC (CA. 2800-1700 BCE)，In Central Asia、West Asia and South Asia are distributed in several important bronze era culture。Geographically and the most culturally closest culture of the Saimari Tastebish Painting Group are Namazga Culture and Bacteria -Malgiana Archaeological Culture (English abbreviated as MBAC，That is Margiana -Bactria Archaeology Complex，Sometimes it is also known as "Am River Civilization")。Bacteria -Malgiana Culture is a highly developed urban farming civilization，Times from 2000 BC to 750 BC。Bucktelia — Malgiana Culture Economy in addition to agriculture，supplemented by hunting and fisheries，Except barley and wheat，Also planting Li Shu、apricot tree and grapes，Breeding cow、Pig、Camel and Donkey，Donkey is used to pull a car。This civilization has a complex layout of castle，developed bronze smelting technology，Dry adobe、Strough head、Short sword、Bronze tube ax、Copper seal, etc. is its typical cultural characteristics。When studying the early culture of Xinjiang，Scholars pay more attention，For the southwest, Central Asia、In -depth research on the influence of Western Asian culture is less。Xinjiang as a disseminated intermediary area，This period is less reliable from Central Asia，And these cultural factors are generally mixed in west、Eurasian grassland culture in the north。So，The cultural influence from Central Asia has not been completely revealed，The discovery of Bogda Peak Rock provides a simple and clear clue for the crowd and culture from the southwest direction outside Xinjiang。

From the west of the Tianshan Mountains, the northern end of the Pamir Plateau, which is known as the roof of the world，Hami from the east to the eastern end of Xinjiang、Iwu。East -west stretches 2500 kilometers，Extension of 250-400 kilometers from north and south，Crossing China、Kazakhstan、Uzbekistan and Tagikistan four countries，Most of the central part of Xinjiang，Is the world's largest weiri mountain system，Divide the most arid area in the world into two，Forms a mainland bet365 Play online games bridge that connects different geographical and cultural areas in Asia。The valleys on both sides of the north and south sides of the Tianshan Mountains are distributed with many icebergs to melt snow water flow，These rivers nourish Gobi on both sides of the foot of Tianshan Mountain、Oasis of varying sizes formed in the desert，These oasis have become the land that is suitable for human survival in this mountain and its surrounding areas。

Between the mountains of these things，The intermittent mountain valleys and basins are the ideal home of human survival。The northern slope of the mountain range is between 1300-2700 meters and is distributed in the Xueling Yunshan，It runs more than 2,000 kilometers from Tianshan。Above this green forest belt is summer pasture，Below is the low mountain grass field (high -quality grass ranch)、Desert Pacific Field (Vast Winter Ranch)。This green vegetation belt in the central area of ​​Eurasia from the economic form of animal husbandry to nomadic economy，It has always been an important resource library and ideal residence for the shepherd。Because there is such an uninterrupted green animal husbandry zone existence，Tianshan naturally becomes the most important and most important large channel for human activities in the east and west directions of Eurasia。Some scholars speculate，Some shepherds living between the valley of the Tianshan section，It is very likely to be east along the mountain valley、Migration in the northeast。Finding unique、Similar rock painting analysis，From the 3,000th chronic BC to the early thousands of BC，The cow people living near the mountain near the Fernanna Basin，has received West Asia、The influence of urban civilization and other urban civilizations in Central Asia，Some of them have migrated eastward along Tianshan，Arrives today from Urumqi to Fukang。These people may use West Asia、Advanced civilized factors in Central Asia and its surrounding areas introduced to Xinjiang。The bridge of civilization that spreads along the Tianshan Corridor is also in the same period of the Central Plains、One of the routes of Gan Qingcai Tao West Biography。

　　Peak Meeting:As the Dongtian Mountain Hub's Bogda Peak

There are two peaks in the Tianshan Mountains，The main peak of the entire Tianshan Mountain Totoga is located in Xitian Mountain，7443 meters above sea level。The main peak of Dong Tianshan is Pogda Peak，Altitude 5445 meters。It mainly has 4 ridges: northeast ridge、Southwest ridge、Beidi Ridie Ridge、Southeast ridge。Snow Peak directly inserts the sky，Ice and snow coverage all year round，Silver helmet Jade Rape，A strong momentum。Pogda Peak is not a dead end，but an important hub with the height of Dongtian Mountain as the core，Through horse riding and walk，Pogda Peak can be surrounded，Xuefeng is the center of the valley that is radiated with the foothill area，Several river valleys north can smoothly reach the current Urumqi、Fukang，You can pass east to Jimusal County，You can reach Turpan to the south，Several valleys in the southwest can be connected to Chaiwo and Daban City on the west side of Bogda Peak，Contact with Xitian Mountain。The crowds of Tianshan around the East Tianshan use these spokes to the valley of the peak of Bogda，It is easier to meet at the peak，Perhaps the short camp under the Peak of Huan Pogda has become a hot area for information exchange of ancient shepherds。

According to the situation of archeological surveys and excavations so far，Each river that has spread from Bogda Peak has always nourished people from ancient times to the present，Especially ancient pastoral，These people should live in Bogda and its surrounding areas at that time，They rush to migrate between the valley and the desert grassland between the valley and the downstream desert grassland。The hottest time in summer，Anxion cow can climb to the high altitude area where Longji Mountain is located to enjoy the highest nutritional meadow on the top of the bet365 live casino games mountain，Among them, the skillful shepherds use the short time to engrave the world in the heart of the dark rock，Or hold a worship ceremony here。These shepherds were buried on the platform where the mountains were dry and thick after the death，The valley Zhonghe Bogda Mountain Peak，It is the laughter of their life。From Jimusal County、Fukang City to Urumqi and the front of Bogda Mountains in Daban City have found these people's lives and burial relics。Fukang City Baiyang River Basin、Four Gonghe、Tomb of different periods found in Sangonghe and other places is proof。Some rock paintings and Bogda Peak rock paintings found in the southern foot of the southern foot of Shandong, the southern end of the Shandong Province have very similar things，For example, Pan sheep and deer，head small，Body stiff，Deer's body also slightly maintains the characteristics of the triangle，The horns of the deer and Panyang sheep are basically similar to the Bogda Longshan and Saimritash。The image of this triangular composition is also reflected in other archeological materials found in Xinjiang。For example, there are two characters on a double -ear pottery tank unearthed from Tomb Tianshan North Road Cemetery.，The composition of one of the body parts is also relative to two triangles in the upper and lower triangles，It is worth noting that，After the tail of the clothes, there is a vertical ornament similar to the character in the character in the Saimilitus rock painting。The image of this triangle composition is also reflected in the large -scale rock painting of Changji Ho Tu Wall in Changji Hui，The characters here are represented by two relative triangles。Also found a similar character image in Saimaritus，Even with right hand、The dance gestures under the left hand are the same。The difference is，This person in Caimilitash is wearing clothes，There is a tail -shaped decoration at the tail of the clothes，There is no tentacle on the head。In the Hutu Wall Rock Paint，We also found that the image of a cow still maintains the characteristics of the two triangular bodies。This shows that the impact from Central Asia not only exists in the area around Urumqi，and spread to the east to the Hami area。

As examples of people migration and cultural communication，Bogda Longji Mountain's rock paintings are not lonely。2018，Xinjiang Boltala discovered a special stone grinder，Some scholars call it stone power，But no set of cultural relics of the size of the size series，So，It may be a very advanced grinder or etiquette。This grinding device in Xinjiang may be directly affected by the Ferganna Basin，A double snake shape unearthed in the Fernanna Basin，Colored in the National Museum of Uzbekistan，Also unearthed a relatively simple，Favorites in the display room of Anji Yanbabur International Foundation。If you trace the roots，It is a ancient civilization called Alata，The era is the end of the 3,000th and the first thousandth of AD，This culture has unearthed a large number of such carved stone。This grinding device is also introduced into the Namazga IV-V of Namalzga, Turkmenistan，For example, if you find such a stone in the Altyn site。These findings instructions，The utensils on behalf of the culture of the central and southern Iran have spread to the West Tianshan area including the Fergana Basin and the Boltala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture。Research by the Team of the Institute of Ancient vertebrates and the Institute of Ancient Human Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has been discovered in recent years，The genetic analysis and display of the Cherml Culture Cultural Tomb Human Bone found in the Altay area，It contains a genetic component that obviously comes from the population of Bacteria -Malgiana Culture (MBAC)。The discovery of these evidence and the discovery of Longji Mountain Rock paintings indicates that the early impact from Central Asia does exist，The crowd and culture Bet365 app download of the AM River civilization，spread along Tianshan to the east of Tianshan and Altai Mountains。

In short，According to the results of our latest investigation，The rock paintings of Longji Mountain mainly have the following characteristics。

First，Longji Mountain Rock painting is the rock painting group found in Xinjiang at present，The highest altitude、Location is the most special、The most unique rock painting group in the landscape。

Second，Earlier of the early rock paintings of Longji Mountain，Unique style。Judgment according to the results of related research，The early rock painting era may be concentrated in the early days of the 3,000th chronic BC to the 2,000th.。

third，Longji Mountain Rock Painting Age has a large span，Roughly from the 3,000th chronic chronicle BC to the end of the 13th century，Even the patterns and text of modern people (mainly local Kazakh herders)。

Fourth，The sequence of Longji Mountain Rock painting is relatively complete。Especially from the 3,000th chronic BC，After Xia, Shang Zhou、Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods to Qinhan，Rock paintings at each stage。The number of rock paintings in the historical period is small，But there are also rock paintings in each big stage。

Fifth，Longji Mountain Rock painting may have a certain relationship with the ancients worshiping Shenshan。The rock body of the carved rock painting is south，Just face Pogda Peak，About 5 kilometers from the main peak of Bogda，is the best position for worshiping Xuefeng，This environment is very in line with the aesthetic needs of the ancients setting up sacrifice venues。The worship of the Shenshan worship of Pogda Peak becomes a traditional，Live until the Qing Dynasty。The official information such as the official sacrifice of the Pogda Mountain God found in the Dongyue Temple ruins of Tianchi Scenic Area，Explain that this tradition has become part of the national mountain worship system。

Sixth，Longbianshan rock painting is rich in content，pictures of monomer animals and characters，There are also grazing、Hunting、Driving、Battle and other large -scale scenes of many people and many things。Among them, images such as horses and Marara are very valuable，Here is the image of the largest number of Marara in Xinjiang to date，Provides information on the emergence of the late Malaysia car in the study of the dealer。

This is the rock painting that is currently discovered in Xinjiang，The highest altitude、Unique landscape、Early era、Unique style、Age span is large、The sequence is relatively complete、Rock painting group with rich content，The style of early rock paintings is particularly rare。Pogda Peak Rock painting is a rare in the rock painting site found so far in Xinjiang，It has very important history、Archaeological、Culture and art value，It is a very precious cultural heritage，and Tianshan, which has already included world natural heritage，Especially Bogda Peak Gu looking forward to watching，complement each other，can be described as the peak of natural heritage and cultural heritage、Shuangfeng combined。

(Author Unit: Institute of Archeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)