1900，Dunhuang testament (also known as Dunhuang literature、Dunhuang document、Dunhuang Writing) was found in the cave 17 of Mogao Cave, Dunhuang。After more than 100 years of Chinese and foreign scholars 赓 continuing research，Dunhuang Shils have been fully studied，Become an internationally illustration -Dunhuang Xue。Since the reform and opening up，Dunhuang studies in mainland China have achieved world -renowned achievements，New realm that has entered research。as the main component of scientific and technological research in Dunhuang Studies，Dunhuang medical literature has high academic value，The age of its writings (most of them in the Northern and Southern Dynasties and the Sui Dynasty，The lower limit is five generations，Basically in the Middle Ages) is in an important period of the development of Chinese medicine。For Dunhuang Medical Literature，The academic community is sorting out in literature、、collation、Examination interpretation and other aspects have achieved rich results。It can be said，"Dunhuang Medical Literature is overseas，Dunhuang Medical Literature Study in China! "

Since the 1980s，Dunhuang pharmaceutical literature continues to receive academic attention，Text finishing、Cases of various pharmaceutical documents also achieved a lot of important results。From the perspective of works，There is the "Dunhuang Ancient Medicine Examination Examination" edited by Ma Jixing，"Dunhuang Medical Literature Collection" from the school of Ma Jixing and other collections，Zhao Jianxiong's "Dunhuang Medical Centers -Dunhuang Shippy Pharmaceutical Document Interpretation"，Cong Chunyu edited "Dunhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Book" and "Dunhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndsection Micro"，Li Yingcun and others "The Release of Dunhuang Medical Literature in Russia"，Chen Zengyue's "Dunhuang Ancient Medicine School Certificate"，"New Tunhupan Pharmaceutical Literature Collection School" edited by Shen Yannong。Among them, the earliest published by Ma Jixing's "Dunhuang Ancient Medicine Examination Examination"，The book collects more than 80 types of ancient medicine from Dunhuang ancient medicine，Become a work of the study of Dunhuang pharmaceutical literature。After that，Published by "Dunhuang Medical Centers -Dunhuang's Pharmaceutical Document College" edited by Zhao Jianxiong。This book chose 15 volumes bet365 best casino games in Dunhuang pharmaceutical literature，Another milestone work of becoming a study of medical literature in contemporary Dunhuang。Published by the "Dunhuang Traditional Chinese Medicine Book" edited by Cong Chunyu later，The book contains more than 80 ancient medicine books discovered by Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang，It can be described as a collection of contemporary Dunhuang pharmaceutical literature research。It is worth noting that，Researchers of Dunhuang Xue gradually move towards a more macro research level，Start with Dunhuang pharmaceutical literature to pay attention to ancient minority medicine、Chinese and Western Medicine Cultural Exchange、Medicine and Religion、Social culture of medical care。early 21st century，There was a news report saying，Dunhuang medical research is embarrassed due to lack of successive people，Difficulty fruit。It is almost 20 years since the article is published，What is the status quo of the research of Dunhuang Medical Literature，What are the highlights and features of the characteristics，Which places need to be improved and break through? This requires sorting out the research of Dunhuang medical literature since the 21st century，Clarify the inner reasoning，and explore the status and opportunities facing the research facing Dunhuang medical literature after the new century。

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Dunhuang Medicine and Chinese and Foreign Medicine Cultural Exchange。Dunhuang is located in the main road of Chinese and foreign traffic，Frequent cultural exchanges。India、Persia and other foreign medicines in the West、Dunhuang is widely passed down。Dunhuang Turpan Literature is an important historical material for studying Chinese and foreign cultural exchanges，Among them, there are many pharmaceutical documents reflected in Chinese and foreign medical exchanges。Research on the exchange of Chinese and Western pharmaceutical culture in Dunhuang area，Some scholars believe that Russia Tibetan дX09888、дX.18173 and other documents directly reflect the spread of the Indian "Life Vedic" theory in Turpan, Dunhuang，Also with Chinese medicine technique as the object，summarized the differences between China and India in this regard and inspected the foreign medicine exchanges in the Han Dynasty during the Han and Tang Dynasties。There are also scholars' research on the characteristics of grape drugs in the Western Regions，Discussion of the exchange of Eastern and Western cultures; comparative analysis of some of the foreign medicines contained in "Back Medicine" and "Miscellaneous Disease Medical Prescription";，Detailed inspection of bet365 best casino games the medicinal material market of Xizhou in the Tang Dynasty。

Dunhuang Medical and Religion。Research with religious beliefs，It is a new angle of Dunhuang pharmaceutical literature research。Since the 21st century，The field has received extensive attention from scholars in this field。If the scholar passes the test theory of Dunhuang Taoism and Medical Document，It is believed that the existing Dunhuang suicide note involves all aspects of Taoist medicine，It is a precious information for studying Taoist medicine; system collection、Set up、Research and Buddhism、Confucian、Dunhuang pharmaceutical literature related to Taoism; Tsuki Dunhuang documents "African Affairs Drug Method Essentials" and "Materia Medica Collection Notes" as objects，The impact of Taoism and Taoism on the development of traditional medicine has been studied; there are scholars who inspect the Liaoning Provincial Museum of Liaoning Provincial Museum in Dunhuang Shi Shu "Bayi Medicine"，Think that it integrates Buddhist terminology in the form of traditional Chinese medicine in Chinese medicine，To promote Buddhist meditation and educate all beings; from the Huiwen writing book unearthed from Turpan, it can be seen that Hui 鹘 Medicine is subject to Indian medicine and Buddhism and Central Plains、Impact of Persian Medicine, etc.。

　　Dunhuang Medical Literature Chinese Medicine (Fang)Social and Cultural Research In -depth

Medical documents unearthed in the Han and Tang Dynasties are constantly being recorded，Among them, Dunhuang literature in the western region is mostly，is the main material of the research of Silk Road Medicine，Many of them have medical documents。Some scholars review the research status of the ancient medicine prescriptions of Dunhuang，Introduce the summary of the prescriptions of the Western Regions。Since the 21st century，Many scholars have gradually begun to pay attention to society hidden behind the medicine and prescription、Cultural factors。

Pharmaceutical aspects。Scholars interpreted the word "ten flavors" in Tibetan and Sanskrit dual language documents "Ten Mother's Book"，Examine the Dunhuang paper P.2115、S.5614 "Four Color Dan Dan" in "Zhang Zhongjing's Five Internal Disposes"，I believe that it is closely related to Taoism and medicine; some scholars have discussed the relationship between the incense prescriptions contained in the Dunhuang literature and the incense medicine in the Tang Dynasty;，More than 70 in Dunhuang wrote this medical book.，It is found that the veterinary prescriptions bet365 best casino games in Dunhuang pharmaceutical literature were copied in the human medicine prescriptions; based on the Dunhuang pharmaceutical Bet365 app download literature, the "medicine king in the medicine" of the Tang and Song dynasties was based on the Dunhuang pharmaceutical literature。

Drugs。Some scholars will focus on focusing on the development and utilization of the Western Region drugs in the Tang Dynasty and the development and utilization of Dunhuang medicinal resources in the Tang Dynasty，For example, the use of medicinal wine in the Tang Dynasty and the use of medicinal and wine culture in Dunhuang society，Dunhuang documents also discussed the use of medicinal materials in hairdressing，Introduce the specific application of many medical porridge in Dunhuang's testament and use special features，and analyzed the prescription medication that damaged the hair disease in Dunhuang documents。Grape medicine、sweat quality、Peony、诃 and other drugs also became scholars observing at that time.、The writing habits of the Tang Dynasty and the important material carrier of the clinical application of the drug in the Dunhuang area。

　　Trend and Outlook

The literature has text、Material、historic and social。Among them，The "historical and social" of the literature refers to the knowledge of the literature、The material form is formed in a specific historical society，Therefore, the literature should be regarded as the "cultural relic" left by history，instead of regarding the records or information of the literature as "history" itself。Rong Xinjiang was in the study of the history of Dunhuang and Chinese and foreign relations，Quoting Mr. Chen Yinque's assertion in the preface of the "Dunhuang Robbery" in 1930，Focus on explaining the relationship between "new materials" and "new problems" and the relationship between them。Hao Chunwen refers to the study of texts as literature and paradigm，Research on the academic body and academic value of Dunhuang literature，Called as a historical paradigm，"Put the processed text on a certain historical background for a durable and common interview"。He thinks，The relationship between the two is "literature paradigm belongs to basic work，and the historic paradigm is to use the results of the literature paradigm for further in -depth research "。In fact, whether it is the study of text and the study of its academic subjects and academic value, or the literature paradigm and historian paradigm，Both are similar to the internal history in medical history and the difference between foreign history。To say，From the perspective of internal and external history，The research and sorting of the study of Dunhuang's terrible medical literature in the academic community is not limited to discussing medical bet365 Play online games technology and clinical research in traditional historical sense，Instead, pay attention to studying medicine and religion、The relationship between society and cultural exchanges，But the breadth and depth of the use of literature、Application of the new paradigm、Continuous efforts to achieve the steering of drugs。

First，Expansion of the breadth and depth of Dunhuang medical literature。Dunhuang Medical Literature, although sorting out in the literature、Candidate、Launching and other aspects to achieve certain results，But its research is mostly from the record of the literature、Reading perspective conducts literature research，Lack of diversified fields of literature、Streaming changes and other aspects。Based on this，Dunhuang Medical Literature Study should be placed in the vast world of Dunhuang Western Regions，Research system that forms a two -way and spatial two -way penetration。From the perspective of space，The area where Dunhuang Medical Literature is located -Dunhuang，West is Urumqi, Xinjiang、Loulan Ancient City and other areas，East is Lanzhou, Gansu、Wuwei and other areas，A little farther in the northern part of Inner Mongolia Qina、Heishui City and other areas，There are abundant unearthed medical documents in these areas.。From time to perspective，Lanzhou, Gansu、Wuwei includes Han Jian medical literature unearthed from Hexi Corridor and other places involving some basic situations of Qin and Han and previous medicine，Medicine literature on Heishui City also reflects the basic situation of Song and Yuan medicine。Take a comprehensive，You can use this "both geographical shaft，It's a Time Axis "unearthed medical literature group divided and rake combed，Examine with it。In addition，From the previous review, you can find it，At present, the use of Dunhuang medical literature in the academic community is still mostly in the field of Chinese literature，Other language and literature such as Sanskrit、Yu Xunwen、Sau special text、Hui Yanwen and other medical documents and Turpan unearthed ancient Syrian Asians and New Persian medical literature due to traffic suspension、Language and other objective conditions，There are fewer users。There are also some out -of -domain literatures that are inextricably linked with Dunhuang literature。For the comparative study of them, you can find the "clues" of cultural exchanges between the Dunhuang area and other regions，It is worth the strong cultivation of the academic community。

2，Reminder to absorb more research methods for medical social history。Different research methods can expand the vision bet365 live casino games and thinking of Dunhuang pharmaceutical history or literature，Provide a multi -dimensional path for examining Dunhuang pharmaceutical literature。A series of research methods adopted by medical and social history，As a history of social culture and daily life、History of Science and Globalization of Natural Knowledge、Ecological history and knowledge history of knowledge that can achieve internal and external integration，For the study of Dunhuang medical literature，These methods should be multiple feasible paths worth trying。In addition，Provides the discipline of Dunhuang research to provide "from literature to history".，It can also become a way to enter the Dunhuang medical literature research to use the concept of blog viewing and provincial western medical knowledge traditions。

third，Realizing the steering of the global historical perspective。Dunhuang medical literature number is numerous、Rich connotation。If in -depth research，You need to choose one or several vectors as the breakthrough，in order to play the effect of outline 挈。Among them, the drug and prescription are one of the good carriers。Dunhuang pharmaceutical literature records a large number of drugs，Provides rich resources for Dunhuang Medical Research。In addition，From the perspective of the study of Chinese medical history overseas，The flow of the trade and knowledge of Eastern and West Drugs can be applied from the perspective of material culture in the research of medical global history。In the study of global history，Research orientation centered on drug -centric，Often through its global flow，You can reconstruct the map of certain historical knowledge at the micro angle。Dunhuang Medical Literature has a large number of animal and plant drugs and the prescriptions compatible with it，The way of their material existence，With the knowledge system、The changes in the cognitive method show different historical appearance。I especially need to pay attention to，The process of the spread and circulation of drug knowledge in Dunhuang Medical Literature is not just the history of drug knowledge transferred in different places，At the same time, new knowledge is also produced in circulation、Discussion and acceptance，impact and reshaping of existing knowledge system，This itself surpasses the framework of trade history and cultural exchanges in the traditional sense，provides a mirrorbook for the globalization process of studying material knowledge in the academic community。

The expansion of the time and space of literature、The continuous introduction of the new historical paradigm、The main status of the drug is continuously Bet365 lotto review displayed，Its purpose is to seek a balanced situation of internal and external history in the field of medical literature research in Dunhuang，Finally through internal quotation，Barrier between inside and outside，Realize interoperability and interoperability，This is for history、Traditional Chinese Medicine and Dunhuang Studies will have important significance。In the era of important development of life medicine，Dunhuang Medical Literature Studies must be used for the momentum，Widely spread China's extensive and profound Chinese medicine culture and brilliant Dunhuang culture，Show the profound historical heritage of the self -confidence of the Chinese nation's culture。

(This article is the "Basic Principles of Marxism with Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture" into college ideological and political theoretical courses (22GJSZ06) phased achievements)

(Author Unit: Marxism College of Zhongkai School of Agricultural Engineering、Institute of Chinese Cultural History of Jinan University)