The interaction and exchanges of the Northeast nation in the Qing Dynasty are an important part of the formation of the multi -in -one pattern of the Chinese nation。As an official document as the Qing Dynasty，Heilongjiang General Yamen Manwen Archives is rich in content of national communication and exchanges，shows the historical process formed by the unified multi -nation -state of my country。The Xibo people are important lives in the northeast region of the Qing Dynasty，It is an important force relied on the Qing government。After moving out of Korqin Mongolia，The Xibo people are placed in Qiqihar and other places to station，Later, I moved south to Jingshi、Shengjing，West move Xinjiang Bianbian。Migration，Xibo and Mongolia、full、Daur and other ethnic groups frequently exchanges，Production Life、Culture and culture has undergone profound changes，Examples present the important promotion role of national exchanges and blending for the formation of the Chinese nation's diversified pattern。

The Xibo people in the early Qing Dynasty belonged to the jurisdiction of Korqin Mongolia。To strengthen Northeast defense，31st year of Kangxi (1692)，The Qing government "redeemed" the Xibabi from Corqin Mongolia，How to resettle and other questions，Bing Department、General Heilongjiang, etc., conducted frequent official documents，Discussion plan，Heilongjiang General Yamen Manchu Manwen Archives (In the text, Heilongjiang General Yamen Manmen Manwen Archives are quoted from "The Historical Materials of the Xibabu Archives"，1989) related records，Real reproduction of the situation at that time。April 29，The Ministry of Military Affairs Consulting Heilongjiang General Sabusin: "Qiqihar's most important place ... Choose a thousand armor，Defense together。Place of Betu ... Shou Xindu City。... Please stay near Ula's Xibe、3,000 Ding Ding in Guchanei to Ula。"" After planning and weighing，Xiebie was placed in Qiqihar、Budu Nei and Jilin Ulla and other places。May 29th，bet365 best casino games Subu Subu Chan Ning Guta Guardian: "Check the village where the Nenjiang River on both sides of the Nenjiang River bordering Qiqihar Village ...、Daur、Guercha ...。"" After moving out of Korqin Mongolia，The Xibo people are mainly scattered in Nenjiang、Songhua River Convergence and Coastal area，At the same time, there is Manchuria、Daur、Sauron and other ethnic groups live here。

Different from the residence，Unable to control，Xiebie theft、A whistle happened from time to time。For the sidelines to prevent many people from the tinbers，breeding incident，38 years of Kangxi，The Xibo people have been moved to Jingshi and Shengjing again，Disposted all over the place as armor。Xiba who moved to Beijing Division，Some are assigned to the flag as a difference，Some are for the driver's eunuch，Xiba who moved to Shengjing，It can be seen from the counseling of General Ningguta Samana to Sabusin，Most of them in Shengjing、Yizhou、Eight Banners in Jinzhou and other places served as Armor: "Exempted Shengjing、Yizhou and other places Manzhou、Han Army、Ten Roads and other ten roads in the Ten Roads in the Han Army in the Han Army are cowardly armored ...，Xiebie is scattered to different residents。From Korqin、Nenjiang、Songhua River Basin to Jingshi and Shengjing，The Xibo people are in frequent migration，and Manzhou、Mongolia、The Han Army and others have formed a distribution situation of staggered and miscellaneous living，Laid the foundation for the space for inter -ethnic exchanges。

With frequent migration and communication，The Xibo people broke the original life mode，Politics、Economy、Culture, etc. have changed greatly，It plays a positive role in promoting economic and social development。

One is to compile the flag，Play for the country。This is the main form of the Xibabu ethnic communication。After moving out of Korqin Mongolia，The Qing government will incorporate it into the Eight Banners of Manchuria。31 years of Kangxi，Subu Su said: "In the convergence of the two rivers，It will be moved to Qiqihar、Ula、4,000 soldiers of Budu Na、Eight Thousands of Ding Ding，Please compile 80 cows record，Back to the three flags "，Step into the top of the three flags of the top three flags。At that time，I also bet365 live casino games selected five Xiebie to lead，Five Daur Niu Lu，When the south moves Shengjing，These Daur Niu recorded together，Later, it was integrated into the Xibabi people。After the south move, Xibe no longer set up cattle records，Instead, it is scattered to various places as armor。From the 31st year of Kangxi to the 39th year of Kangxi，The Xibo people have been around Qiqihar、Budu Na、Jilin Ula、Jingshi、Shengjing and other places，Some editors enter the flag，Farming field，Effective for the country; some become Affiliated，Farming field，Pay official rations，Under the direct management of the Qing government，Continuously strengthen the political identity of the unified country，An important force relied on becoming the Governor of the Ching Dynasty。

The second is the development of production，Watching mutual assistance。The Xibabi and the neighboring Mongolia、Manchuria and other ethnic agriculture is closely exchanged。Agricultural production，Many Xiebie masters planting technology，Reclamation wasteland，Gan Gu Valley got a harvest。25th year of Kangxi，House Ministry Consultant Wen Sabusin: "From Jilin Ula to Heilongjiang，Zheng Mongolia、Xibo、Daur、Sauron and other manpower land，Grain Valley Garment。Fu Gan Valley is closed，I still sent it to Guantian officials next year，Zheng Mongolia、Xibo、Daur、Sauron and other farming species "，It can be seen that many Xiebie cultivated fields at the time，engaged in agricultural production。30 years of Kangxi，Balto livestock encounters plague，To solve its survival problems，Subu Su said: "Satsuka in Zhate、About 800 households in Durbert's two flags，There are more than 1,500 households in total ... corresponding to the maintenance of Xibe and others ...，Each household has to give a cattle for plowing、Agricultural tools、Seed species，Jiao Mongolia、Xibo teaches to work。"Xiebie is arranged by the Qing government，Balhuo who supports the disaster，Teaching planting technology，Teach it to farm，Help over the difficulty，Both the national relationship，It also promoted the transformation of the Balhuo production method。

Third is the frequent trade，Is there any mutual communication。Post -Gold to the beginning of the Qing Dynasty，Frequent bet365 Play online games trade with neighboring nation，Frequent exchange、Buy cloth、Agricultural tools, etc.，Eight Banner Officers、Posts, etc., often go to Xiba to buy cattle and horses and food。24 years of Kangxi，Leader Harza、When crossing the place of Xibabi on the road of Biyangwu，Buy more than 600 horses in one sex: "Officers and men brought by jobs and other，Buy more than 600 horses in Xibo。"27 years of Kangxi，The post officer Duru is Wen Sabusin，Apply to buy food at Xibabi: "The stations of Niu and Horse Silver Grain ... Hold this money，People of Jiaoxian，From the Nenjiang Water Road to Xibe、Mongolia、Ulal and other places to buy。"The General Management of the Internal Affairs House is sent to Xibabi every year，Mao Qing cloth、Wrapped white and thick cloth, etc.、Sheepskin and other substances for royal use。33 years of Kangxi，The General Management of the Internal Affairs House Consultant: From the 2nd year of Shunzhi to the eleven years of Kangxi，Pai Angjida et al.，"Follow the library to go to silk every year、Brilliant satin、Peng satin、Sale、Buddha head green cloth、cloth、cloth head and bun tea，Xiang Xibo、Sauron is easy to take black mink、Mink、猞猁 狲、Sheepskin、Kanyaham Kok，et al.，It can be seen that the types and quantities of its trade items are very rich。Frequent trade not only enables Xiba to get a lot of living information，Improving life，It also promoted Grain Valley、Circulation of goods and other goods，Guaranteed material supply，It has become an important material force to promote the integration of national exchanges and exchanges。

Fourth is to learn mutual language，Improve communication。Language is the foundation and medium of communication。Korqin Mongolian period，The Xibabu uses Mongolian language，After moving to Qiqihar，The official Mongolian、Manchu translation，All chosen from the officers and soldiers of Xibe。32 years of Kangxi，Heilongjiang Deputy Capital Cart in Qiqi Qiqihar Leader Ma Qi: "Mongolian word document on the Mongolian Road station station，No one can write in the local area ...，Write Mongolian Books in Manchuria Books "，Request to find a Xiba who can write Mongolian characters。Mongolian translation when Nibuchu was negotiated Bet365 app download was also Xiba people。33 years of Kangxi，Sabsu Subu Wenwen Qiqihar City Deputy Capital Mabu，Requires to choose people who understand Mongolian and send them to Nibuchu: "In the armor of the other place，Select two people who are proficient in Mongolian ...，The members who will send this will also。"" After being included in the Eight Banners of Manzhou，Xi Bo gets along with the Manchu dynasty，Learn Manchu，and the language of the nation in full language。other，Xibo、Manzhou and Daurzhong，There are also those who understand Chinese，35 years of Kangxi，The Ministry of Rites Consultant Wen Sabusin: "Sauron、Daur、Xibe, etc.。Because of Sun Longshan and others, the medic was taken medicine ...，Choose the doctor of the generous pulse just called、Moxibustion Ai Zhizhi Zhuang Shiyuan ... Send someone to send it to Melzan City, Heilongjiang.。"Doctor Sun Longshan、Zhuang Shiyuan either understand Manchu，Either someone translates to take the right medicine，Visible language communication is not difficult，and the two eunuch not only heal the disease，Also help the local area to change the concept of taking medicine，Enhanced cultural and health exchange。

Five is an inter -family marriage，Common life。Inter -ethnic Marriage reflects deep -level ethnic integration。Kangxi's 39th year of Xibei south，The Qing government once checked the situation of women's marriage and foreign ethnic groups。On the 9th November，Sabusu Wenwen Heilongjiang Deputy Capital Geng Geyi: "From the year of redemption，All daughters of their marriage，Find out divorce，Marry to a person who has no wife。If you are willing to give other women、Girl's top replacement，will be exempted from divorce。"" After more than a month of intense inspection，December 28，Time to sign up the Heilongjiang General Sha Nahai Consulting Department: "The manager inspects the 36 people who marry Xibo female"，That is, from the time of redemption to the south，36 people in the Xibabie female mothers in the nine years，Involved in Han、Manchuria、Mongolia、Daur and other ethnic groups。According to inspection regulations，Those who are married on the family need to find out divorce，Marry to a person who has no wife，No doubt scattered the wife ion，Bone and Bet365 lotto review flesh separation。For this neighboring Mongolia、Kalka、Daur and others extended a helping hand，Equipped with your daughter。The consultation from the Ministry of House to the Ministry of Households shows: "Women who replace the top、Twenty -two girls in total "，It means 22 Mongolian、Kalka、Daur Women、Girl's top replace Xibo Women。Because the inter -ethnic intermarriage is mostly two -way，At that time, there was also a Xibei man who married a woman of another ethnic group as a wife，Common life。

The ethnic interaction of the Xibo people in the Qing Dynasty，It is a vivid embodiment of the interaction and exchanges of all ethnic groups，It plays a positive role in promoting the concept of the Chinese nation community。Specifically，It is mainly reflected in the following important aspects。

One，Developed agricultural production。The material economy is the inherent power of the ethnic communication。Sannen River、Songhua River Basin，Communication through communication，The Xibo people not only provide a lot of food for the neighboring nations、Horse and Minks and other items，It is still under the arrangement of the Qing government，Balhuo who is trapped caused by disaster，Given the cultivation、The method of fishing，strongly promoted the development of the economy，Enhanced national friendship。

Its two，Deepen cultural exchange。Ethnic groups in the Northeast in the early Qing Dynasty intertwined and miscellaneous，Frequent interaction，Learning and use of various languages，Both the relationship with the relationship between the communication，Eliminate the sense of strangeness and distance of the group，It also promoted understanding mutual trust，Make cultural knowledge、Agricultural technology, etc. have been widely spread，For production and life、Customs and habits have had a huge impact，Deepen ethnic identity，Enhanced the attractiveness and cohesion of Chinese culture。

Its three，Enhanced national identity。After the clearance is cleared，Politics to continue the Ming Dynasty orthodox，Cultural respect to promote Confucianism，Ideological advocates Huayi Family，formed a unified multi -ethnic country。Xibo and other Northeast residents under the jurisdiction of the Qing government，Edited bet365 live casino games Saita Banner，Farming field，Pay official rations，Armor Express，Communist Royal abuse，Reinforcement of recognition of the unified and multi -nation -state countries。Han immigrants intersect and live in the world，Common life，Reflecting the strong cohesion of the Chinese civilization and direction of the heart。

Related records in the Manchu archives of the Qing Dynasty，Fully reflects the people of all ethnic groups in history、Watch Xiang help、Unity and harmony、The full history of common development，It is worth digging and sorting，Refine the new point of view with the characteristics of the times，Give new connotation，To tell the story of the blending of national exchanges and exchanges，Casting the consciousness of the Chinese nation community provides spiritual power。

　bet365 live casino games

(Author is assistant researcher at the Institute of History of the Institute of History of Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Social Sciences)