Xi Xiawen's "Tiansheng Law" (hereinafter referred to as "Law") was unearthed at the Heishui City site in Inner Mongolia at the beginning of the 20th century，It is the first legal book in the history of the ethnic minority in the history of our country，Its content includes politics、Economy、Military、Law、Agriculture and other aspects，Has high historical and literary value。Since the 1980s，The academic community has organized and translated two systems in the "Law" (one for Russian translation，Translation of Chinese)，These two translations provide important reference for the study of Xixia and related disciplines。But，"Law Order" Volumes，Obligatory is difficult to understand，It is impossible to translate at any time，Translation and release work is far away。From 2017，We started to compose a comprehensive system for the original "Law"，On the basis of fully occupying the material，Re -interpretation of it。In the actual work in recent years，Practice and summarize a set of new paths for the study of the "Law"。These methods are to improve the interpretation level of the text of the "Law"，In -depth promotion and research of the Xixia Code Literature is of great significance。

　Bet365 app download

The so -called literature number and text control，is to compare the specific information of the original page and content of the original page and content of the "Laws" in various places，Clearly sort out the "Law" number、Page between the relationship between the content。1963，Soviet researchers announced the first basic information of the original "Law" hidden in Russia，Total 154 numbers (Gorbaca、Kiccunov compiled，Bai Bin Translation: "Writing and Press"，"bet365 Play online games National History Collection" Vol. 3, 1978 edition)。"Russian Tibetan Black Water City Literature" published in 1998-1999、Nine volumes published 83 original black and white photos of the original "Law"，It can be seen that there are still a large number of "Laws" that have not been published。other，"British Tibetan Black Water City Literature" also published some "Laws" residual films，This part is the income from Staninin after Kuzlov's looting，Therefore, most of the Russian Tibetan literature is mostly damaged pages (see the statistical table of the "British Tibetan Law" ")。This is the case，Different numbers of the collection and literature generate a complicated number，Page information fragmentation of the original "Law"，It is difficult to explore it as a whole。

In recent years，The research team made a comprehensive high -definition color picture of the original "Law" provided by the Russian side、Fine sorting，and the "Law" translated with Kuguov in the Russian translation of Russian translations and posted pictures、The "Law" picture published in the eighth volume of "Russian Tibetan Black Water City Literature" made a detailed comparison，Clarified the overall characteristics of the "Law" page and the basic situation of the unpublished page。Based on this，Comprehensive collation of the "Russian Tibetan" Tiansheng Law "，This table is based on the original page number of the "Law"，Cangnov translated page number in the corresponding label、"Russian Tibetan Blackwater City Literature" page number and location，and the page number of the Eastern Literature Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences，and the text content on each page one by one、Remarks for the preservation status。Through the above method，Clarified the specific relationship between the documents number of the "Law" and the content of the existence，Laipan a solid foundation for the research work of the original "Law"。

　　Construction of the text library of "Law"

bet365 best casino games About one -sixth of the original "Law" unearthed from Heishui City，Need to integrate all the existing "Laws" literature，Only to build a complete text library of "Law"。The original "Law" is mostly engraved，Part is written。What needs to be pointed out is，"Russian Tibetan Black Water City Literature" divides the "Law" into the books such as A, B, Bing Ding，This classification method is not a version division in the sense of literature。

When the subject group sorted out the original "Law"，Dance of the page stored pages of some volumes，But there are only one portion of some rolls of the second page。The text preserved in different pages is also different，Some new opinions and unpublished disabled pages and British Tibetan "Laws" can supplement many articles and damage texts that are lost in Russia。For this，Careful selecting the page，Organize a text accurate、Complete content "Law" recording recording recording is very important。The research team is complete、Clear "Law" engraved this page is the basebook，supplemented by some British Tibetan residual pages and writing books，According to the "Law" volume and the original page number，Concentrate all the same pages of different numbers，Comparison one by one，Choose a better page，Restore the content of the Law as much as possible。As of now，It has formed a "Law" with a total of about 200,000 words 誊 誊，and on the basis of verifying the original, many school pairs，Provides accurate corpus for the text research and production of the text research and production of the text of the "Law"。

　"Law" vocabulary innovation

As a legal book，The text of "Law" contains a large number of Xixia proprietary nouns and legal terms，This is a problem that needs to be solved in the current translation of the Law of the Law。The focus of the research team translated to the "Law"，It is to test a batch of proper nouns in the "Law"，To solve the current Chinese translation bet365 live casino games 佶 聱 聱、Obligatory term difficulty。For this，Members of the research team use the text of the "Law" text，accurately divided the proprietary term and legal terms，Computer compile the corresponding vocabulary index，Provides conditions for the precise translation of the vocabulary。plus，The chief expert of the research group is based on the construction and research of the West Xiawen World Culture Library，Compiled a more than 8 million words of "Xixia Literature Dictionary (Eshang Literature)" (China Social Science Press, 2021)。The entry and examples of the "Xixia Literature Dictionary" almost include all the currently stored in the world of Xixia Cultural Literature，Such a huge corpus provides rich corpus support for the translation of the "Law" words。

Members of the research group use the literature example in the "Xixia Literature Dictionary"，It has verified a batch of words that were misrepresented or unlatically translated or unlatically in the Chinese translation of the "Laws"。Rudo "Law" proprietary term "蜽 蜽"，The previous Chinese translation translation is "alone"，I don't know what I mean。The translation of the current voice is "Special Introduction"，originated from the name of the nomadic ethnic group in the Middle Ages "Special Service、Special Silver、Diyin、Bai Yin "。Another like the word "scenery"，The previous Chinese translation translation is "white iron"，Its meaning is unknown。Now translated into "White"." White"" cotton "。In the new translation of "Law" vocabulary，This kind of correction is endless。Visible，Establishment of the West Xiawen World Vulgar Literature Library，will greatly promote the interpretation of other Xi Xiawen world and customs including "Law"。

　　The translation method of "Law"

The total amount of "Law" in Xixia is nearly 200,000 words，Expecifies it accurately，It is not easy for Xixia scholars in any period。Kugunov bet365 live casino games first made a Russian translation on the full volume of the "Law"，囿 in various reasons，"Law Order" Russian translation is not widely used in Xixia academic circles。early 21st century，Domestic scholars also conducted a Chinese translation of "Law", that is, "Tiansheng Reform the Old New Law Order" (Law Press 2000 Edition)。The Chinese translation in this book has no Xixia language comparison reference，It is difficult to know the principle of translation principles of Xixiawen and legal provisions，Many inconvenience to the use and research。During the use of this version of Chinese translation，We found that the translator uses free translations for some provisions，Part of the part uses literal translation or transliteration，It has caused a lot of wrong words or missed translation problems。Another，Different from the division of the translator of each volume，The translation of the same word in the secondary volume is not the same，Causes some of the hardships and unknown。

The main purpose of organizing the "Law" for the research team，It is to provide a new Chinese translation for the academic circles。In view of the above problems，The research group will be based on the original "Law".，Comprehensive literature research and "Law" vocabulary research，The standard method of using the academic circles to read Xixia Literature — the four lines of translation，Record the full text of the "Law"、vulnerability、Translation、Translation。other，The original number of the "Law" will be labeled before the translation of each volume provision、Save and other information，Provide researchers with more reference。Current，The research team has completed the word "Law" in the West Xiawen word -by -word recording、Notation、Translation、Chinese translation，More than 15 million words for the first draft。In the first draft，The research group not only absorbs bet365 best casino games the results of the vocabulary of the "Law" in the academic community，It also included in the latest research results of the research group，The quality of Chinese translations in many laws is greatly changed，More concise and easy to understand。At the same time，The research team to accurately translate，Also strive to explore the origin of the article "Law"，Divided the door category with Tang、Five Dynasties、Song Code compare，Get a lot of founding。If Xixiawen "Pengfen" is investigated as a legal term "sitting stolen"，"毖筟" for survey is "equal"，"Sheath" survey is "Delivery"，etc.。

Code and reference format of the Chinese translation of "Law"，The research team will also penetrate 150 of the "Law" 150, 1461,，Made of the "Tiansheng Law" Statistics Form。This table is set to each door page number、Number of entries and Xixiawen (Chinese translation) corresponding name，Combined with the aforementioned "Comprehensive Finishing Table of the Russian Tibetan Law"，You can accurately lock the pages of the original text of Xixiawen and the Chinese translation，greatly saving the laborers of literature quotation and retrieval。

Under the background of studying digitalization of ancient books，West Xia Documentation and Research also entered a new stage。Wish to know，Translation of Xixiawen into Chinese is not easy，At present, the research on the "Law" needs to be deepened，Repeat Chinese translations，VIA to get higher -quality Chinese translations。"Law Order" is a very important category literature in the Xixia literature unearthed in Heishui City，It is also the main material of Xixia studies，It is very typical and representative for finishing research on it。At the same time，The systematic collation and research of the Law Order will also promote the interpretation of the Xixia Code literature such as "Zhenguan Jade Mirror", "New Law of the Year of the Year" and bet365 Play online games "Law"，Positioning and demonstrating the study of other Xi Xiawen's literature。

　　(This article is the National Social Science Fund's major project "Xixia" Tiantong Law Organization Research "(17zda186) phased results)

(The author is a professor at the School of History and Culture of Shaanxi Normal University; Ph.D. at the School of History and Culture, Shaanxi Normal University)