In recent years，Research on History of Disasters Continuously、More refined，But the bottleneck is becoming more and more obvious，Modelization trend is becoming more prominent。The focus of the academic community is mostly natural disasters，and ignore the big disaster caused by human disasters and its linkage with natural disasters、Difficulties and Chaos; Research perspectives are mostly "deserted politics" and "disaster relief". Disaster response research，instead of the overall research orientation of multi -disciplinary blending and interoperability。This academic road ignores the diffusion of disasters、Easy and complex features，It also ignored the publicity of disaster treatment、Political and comprehensive features。In view of this，With the help of the "national governance", the magnificent theoretical perspective，Try to carry out "History of Disaster Governance" research，Perhaps it is a feasible way to innovate the research of Chinese disaster history，It is also a reliable basis for the research on the history of national governance。

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Once the disaster occurs，Its huge destructive power、The influence will cause a strong political response。From the affected area to the entire country、From emergency disaster relief to recovery and reconstruction，During the entire process of disaster occurring and development，All countries、Common participation of society and individuals，There are national governance mechanisms、Licken operation of social governance forces，Reflected strong political colors and distinctive national image。It can be said，Disaster treatment is a complex political process，Is a concentrated manifestation of national governance，It is also a concentrated test of national governance capabilities。

Research on the history of Chinese disaster governance should be based on natural disasters、Human disaster and its "mixed disaster chain"，By analyzing the degree of disaster variables、Disaster Destruction Loss、Disaster risk、Disaster governance ability and other indicators，Clarifying the production mechanism and evolution trajectory of the disaster treatment Bet365 app download of the calendar，Examine the conceptual cognition of the disaster governance of all ages、Economic foundation、Political Ecology、System and System、Ecological protection and other comprehensive governance elements，Summary path mode of disaster governance of the past、Learning of ability level and experience。

Research on the history of Chinese disaster governance must be from disaster political governance、Social governance、Economic Governance、Ecological governance、Cultural governance and other levels，Long period、Big Space、Multi -angle in -depth study of the disaster governance system of all ages，Overall grasping disaster prevention in disaster governance、Social relief、Legal Guarantee、Information communication、Legal Guarantee、Resource allocation、Official management、Mobilization of the public、Ability after the disaster reconstruction，The overall performance and actual effect of the national disaster control capabilities in different historical periods in different historical periods，Deeply revealed "the big disaster and then chaos、Rebellion and then Dajizhi "、historical phenomenon of reciprocating cycle，Dynamic inspections of China's national governance capabilities are increasingly progressive、The overall trend of gradually improved。

Research on the history of Chinese disaster governance must break through the "wasteland" and disaster environment、Disaster Society、Traditional research paths such as disaster response，transforms "response" to more systematic、Plateral "governance"，expand the "government" into more integrated、Coordinated "State"，Let the government、Social and individuals and other diverse subjects as the constituent elements of the "country"，Participate in the grand scene of disaster governance。So，can present the real historical picture of disaster governance。

　　Speak three questions

The study of the history of Chinese disaster governance aims to re -examine the complex interactive relationship between the disasters and national governance，Construct a disaster governance mechanism and governance system with traditional Chinese characteristics，The key to clarify three questions。

First is the development context of disaster governance of all ages。is the research path of historicism，Dynamic maps and stages of dynamic maps that depict disaster governance of all ages、Regional features，Fully show the country、Government、Different roles and their own functions of the public Bet365 lotto review in disaster governance，and use a series of national disaster control and indicator system，Objectively judging the ability level of disaster treatment of all ages。Intera，Both independently examine the important measures and effectiveness of disaster governance in each period，It is also necessary to compare the inheritance and development of disasters in each period and historical connection，It is also necessary to comprehensively summarize the emergencies of disaster governance in each historical period、National autocracy、Experience Dependence and other characteristics of the times。

Second, the comprehensive system of disaster treatment of all ages。Disaster treatment is the focus of the government and the general public in common，Method path for disaster treatment、Strategic mode varies from time to time，Adactions to local conditions，and timely、Effective national policy is a powerful guarantee for disaster governance。Chinese dynasties relied on centralized political system，Use the form and advantage of social and political organizations，Various natural disasters through political power、Prevention intervention for human disasters、Anti -disaster relief，Gradually form a political governance、Social governance、Economic Governance、Ecological governance、Comprehensive governance system for cultural governance。This disaster treatment system is for consolidating political rule、Maintain social stability、It is important to ensure the safety of people's livelihood，But sometimes it will also expose the national disaster prevention ability during the historical period、Mobilization ability、Emergency ability、Rescue ability、Limitation such as construction ability and other times。

Third, the relationship between disaster governance and national governance。The history of Chinese disaster governance is to highlight the country as、Only this、The role and utility of social forces Bet365 lotto review in disaster governance，Organizational arrangements reflected in disaster governance、System Design、Legal guarantee and policy response。Only this，System research through the history of disaster governance，Can comprehensively insight into the complex interactive relationship between major disasters and national governance，Objectively understanding the linkage effect of natural disasters and human disasters and bet365 best casino games its huge destructive power，Fully interpret the disaster and decline in the world、The huge influence of the dynasty is almost regular and even decisive。

　　With a complete and unique knowledge system

"History of Disaster Governance" is a disaster、Comprehensive science that integrates disaster governance and national governance，own a complete and unique knowledge system，Generally includes the following three points。

First is to build a comprehensive system for disaster governance of all ages。The forthcoming disaster governance is placed under the field of perspective of national governance，Summarize the constituent elements of the disaster governance system of the past，Including: disaster governance structure system，That is the government、Official、Society、Public work collaboration，Diversity subjects that constitute disaster governance; disaster governance function system，That is, the state played social mobilization、Organization、Supervision、Service、Configuration and other disaster governance functions; disaster governance system，Forms a legal system、bureaucratic system、Collaboration system、Incentive system、bureaucratic system、Taxation system and other disaster treatment systems; disaster governance methods and systems，Use the law、Administrative、Economy、Moral、Education and other means，Collaborative disaster treatment mode from top to bottom。

The second is to summarize the overall achievements of the disaster treatment of the past。The forthcoming disaster treatment is placed in the scene of real history，Explained in the world、Politics Changming、Social Stability、Economic Development、National Unity、Human Heart Stability、Official Jiqing Ming，Or wartime separation、Party dispute、economic recession、Technology backward、National conflict、Different historical periods such as the Wind Wind，National disaster governance concept、Measures、Patriarch differences and different effects。Set a series of index systems through reasonably、Literature basis、Typical historical facts, etc.，Comprehensively summarize the overall achievements and historical status of the governance of the disaster in the past，and take advantage of the integration of political power in modern disaster governance、Systematic of linkage mechanism、Emergency response active、New trends such as social participation in popularization，Deeply reflect on the lesson bet365 Play online games lesson of Chinese disaster governance。

Third, to study the overall ability of the disaster treatment of all ages。The upcoming disaster treatment is placed in a complex disaster system，Explore the type of disaster in Chinese history、Disaster factor、Disaster Environment、Carrier、Disaster conditions and other important information and their space -time differences and historical impacts，Focus on the historical foundation of the disaster governance of the dynasties of the dynasties、Governance of the country、Internal and external power、System and System、Economic Guarantee、Social Resources、Ecological environment、Social Power、Capability system and other disaster treatment paths，It is a look at the initiative and passive response to the governance of national disaster governance in the past、Effective effect and limited ability，Summarizing the process of disaster governance of the past、means、achievement and meaning。

　　Adhere to four research paths

"History of Disaster Governance" is a paradigm conversion and perspective transformation of Chinese disaster history research，Its research path is manifested as the following four points。

First, adhere to the research perspective of overall history。The combination of "disaster" and "governance"，The development trend of the disaster and disaster governance in the vertical clarification，Reveal the law of changes in disaster and disaster causes，Analyze the socio -economic development of the past and disaster、Potential effects of disaster treatment，Cleptication of resource allocation in the treatment of disaster governance of the past、Power Game、Complicated mechanisms such as folk forces，Sort out the improvement process of the level of disaster treatment、The accumulation process of disaster governance experience and their space -time differences。and through in -depth analysis of a series of major disaster governance cases，The overall thinking and overall understanding of the national disaster governance system led by large political entities。

Second, adhere to the research perspective of interdisciplinary research。From a historical perspective，Study the historical process and basic trend of Chinese disaster governance in China; from the perspective of political science，Study political practice and institutional guarantee in the treatment of disaster governance of the past; from the perspective of sociology，Study social forces in the treatment of disaster governance of the past、Social Organization and their characters、behavior and role; from the perspective Bet365 app download of economics，Study the economic foundation of disaster governance of all ages、economic measures and economic benefits; from the perspective of geography，Study the time change and regional differences in the treatment of disaster governance of the past; from the perspective of ecology，Study the influence of disasters on ecology and the significance of ecological governance in the past; from the perspective of culture and science，Study the ideological concepts and cultural behavior of the disaster governance of all ages。

Third, insisting on the academic path from empirical to speculation。Analysis of the degree of the development of disasters through analysis、Risk indicators、Destruction indicators and politics in national disaster governance、Economy、Society、Ecological、Cultural and other comprehensive ability indicators，Micro exploring the system composition of the disaster governance of China、Evaluation methods and time and space differences; comprehensively use disaster governance、national governance and other theoretical methods，The theoretical base point of macro understanding of Chinese disaster governance、Strategic Points and Time Difficulties，Analysis framework for forming a "history, society, environment, and country"。

Fourth, insist on the way of thinking from disaster treatment to governing the country。China has been concept，Research on the history of disaster governance research and governance is to see disaster governance through disasters，Disaster governance through disaster governance; disaster governance research is the starting point for examining the national governance of China、Inception point，National governance is the end of the research of disaster governance、Fundamental point。This kind of Yunzhi Road will be natural disasters of the past ages、Human disaster is included in the perspective of national governance，It provides an important basis for re -understanding the relationship between the disasters and national governance。

In short，The particularity of the disaster determines the particularity of disaster governance。Study on the history of disaster governance is to be in disaster、Disaster treatment、In the progressive relationship of national governance，Systems inspect the ability of disasters in the past，Concentrate to judge the national governance capabilities of the past; around the disaster system and governance system，In -depth discussion of the academic connection between disaster governance and national governance，Refine the theory of disaster Bet365 lotto review governance with Chinese characteristics; explore the value orientation and humanistic care of the Chinese nation to govern disasters，Summarize the practical path and country as a country for governing disasters in the past，Provide valuable experience lessons for today's disaster governance。

　(The author is a professor at Henan University History and Culture and the Yellow River Civilization Research Center)