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General Secretary Xi Jinping's "9 · 28" important speech，It reflects the unprecedented importance of the party and the country for my country's archeological cause，Highlight the importance of archeology，affirmed that several generations of archaeologists do not forget their original intentions、Working results of continuing struggle。We must follow the requirements of General Secretary Xi Jinping on doing a good job of archeological and historical research，Stand at the height of the new era，Logic from historical development、Logic of Disciplinary Development，To summarize and understand the history and connotation of the development of Chinese civilization with the historical view of materialism，Knowing the journey of the Chinese nation，Study the laws of Chinese historical development，Study carefully、Systematic thinking about the achievements of archeology and its major social and political significance to the development of the country; according to General Secretary Xi Jinping's four requirements on the work of archeological and historical research，Do a good job of excavation of archeological results、Organization、Explanation work，Strengthen archeological ability and discipline construction，firm cultural self -confidence。

Why General Secretary Xi Jinping attaches importance to archeology，This is because in the past 100 years, especially in the past 70 years，Chinese archeology has achieved great development。This research team is very small in primary discipline，Make achievements that make the world amazing。Specifically，Archeology bet365 Play online games has achieved research results that cannot be replaced by other disciplines in the following aspects。

Reconstruction of Chinese prehistoric history and pre -Qin history。The importance of archeology for understanding Chinese history，Only a simple example here。More than 2,000 years ago，The great historian Sima Qian (about 145 -86 years ago) of the great historian of the Han Dynasty (about 145 BC)，The beginning of the "Five Emperor's Book of Emperor" written in Chinese history used a total of 4660 words，Next, write "Xia Benji", "Yin Benji" and "Zhou Benji"，Word 4171 respectively、3661、10400。But，The "Cambridge Chinese Ancient History" written by European and American scholars published in 1999 wrote 1148 pages，This is just the history of the previous business from the Qin unification of China (about 1570 BC 221)。The 16th Kai Ben "Chinese Archeology (Neolithic Age Volume)" edited and published in the Institute of Archeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，Write a total of 850 pages。This comparison may not be appropriate enough，The narrative method of ancient and modern history is completely different。but，If the ancient history of China (ancient history before the Qin and Han dynasties) is almost the "building" supported by archeological discovery，I am afraid it is not too much，Because the handed down literature by historians today is not better than Sima Qian Duo。In addition to the large number of relics found in archeological discovery、Rites，Oracle by historian's research、Jinwen and Jane information，Most of them are the results of archeological excavations in the past century。The latter is the same as general archeological information，It has become a special learning，It is also a research object that historians cannot ignore。

The author emphasizes bet365 best casino games the reconstruction of Chinese prehistoric history and pre -Qin history for archeological materials。Actually，The research of the entire ancient Chinese history is also inseparable from the development and progress of archeology，This can be seen from any contemporary Chinese history。Not only that，Chinese archeology has also made significant contributions to our understanding of world history。Origin of Human beings、Agricultural research projects such as agricultural origin and origin of civilization cannot be separated from China。It can also be said，Writing in any ancient history of the world，Nothing can ignore the existence of ancient China，Among them, the ancient history of China，Almost entirely completed by the discovery and research of Chinese archeology。

It has evidenced the history of civilization that has been continuously stretched for more than 5,000 years。Archaeological discovery proved a lot of facts that Chinese civilization originated from more than 5,000 years。Cognitive mode of the origin of Chinese civilization，The "Central Plains Center" theory of the "Central Plains Center" before the 1960s，evolved into the Yellow River、The "multi -one" theory including the vast area such as the Yangtze River and the Xiliao River。If Chinese prehistoric regional culture constitutes the main part of the ancient Chinese civilization in the future，If the development of the early, middle and late stages of the Neolithic Age，The appearance of the prehistoric culture of various major regions in China has gradually revealed the same trend，Forms "China Interaction Circle" different from any other region，So，Look at the main body of various district culture，Different is still greater than the same。This is the fundamental reason for archaeologists to see from material culture bet365 best casino games that regional cultural exchanges or conflicts。No matter what，This is the first wave formed by ancient Chinese civilization。This situation，After the formation of ancient Chinese civilization with Xia, Shang and Zhou as the main body，Gradually changed。Xia Shang on Wednesday generation civilization like a rolling snowball，The greater the greater the greater，The same nature of culture is unprecedentedly strengthened，Finally laid a solid foundation for the formation of the unified multi -nation -state country for the Qin and Han dynasties。This is the second climax of the formation and early development of ancient Chinese civilization。Historical maps of the Neolithic and Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties in archeology，Breaking through the traditional concept of the "Eternal Series" in ancient Chinese history。Many archeological discoveries have fully proved the existence of various regional cultural traditions and the common development of multi -regional civilization，Not only does we have a new understanding of the history of ancient Chinese civilization and the history of early development，Also changed our historical view to a large extent。

Witnesses in ancient Chinese civilization compatibility and package、Powerful ability to absorb foreign culture。Archeological discovery proves the indigenousness of ancient Chinese civilization、unity and diversity，It also proves that from the irrefutable facts that from the time of the Paleolithic Age，Ancient Chinese culture has maintained close contact with the outside world，And with the development of the times，contact is getting closer and closer。Special geographical location of China，formed a relatively independent geographical unit，Determined the ancient culture here，Starting bet365 best casino games from the Paleolithic Age，It is in a state of relative isolation。Early mid -to -mid -to -mid -to -mid -to -mid -period，China has formed a unique northern drought agriculture、Three Economic Zone of Southern Rice Agriculture and Northwest Husbandry，Relying on the unique geographical environment of various places，Forms a distinctive regional culture。

Chinese civilization is the origin and development of independence，But this does not mean that ancient Chinese culture was a closed -footed cultural system。Even if there are alpine deserts and the obstruction of the vast sea，Cultural exchanges between China and the outside world have never stopped。The current archeological discovery cannot answer all questions，But at least 2,000 years ago on the Silk Road in the early Western Han Dynasty，The exchange of Chinese and Western culture has begun to accelerate。For example，Horse and carriage suddenly appeared in the late Shang Dynasty; wheat、Damai suddenly appeared in the Longshan era around 2500 BC，By 1500 BC The early business culture period，Almost has become an ordinary crop in North China; red bronze and bronze wares appear in the Ganqing area of ​​the 3rd thousand BC at the same time、Central Plains and North Region，China has not passed the long red copper era like western Eurasia; goats and sheep in the Central Plains have also appeared from the Longshan era (3,000 BC)，Erlitou and the Erlitang era in 1800 to 1500 BC，Become an ordinary domestic animal; jade and turtle shells seen by Anyang seen in Anyang in the late Yin and Shang dynasties，It is considered to be related to the western and southern border (Xinjiang and South China Sea) of the current territory of China，Haibei，can be traced back to the Indian Ocean。Zhang Jian after emptying the Western Regions，The exchange between China bet365 best casino games and the world enters the second peak period。Eggplant、Carrots、Hu Gua、Garlic、苜蓿、Grape、Home Donkey and others introduced to China，China's anti -risk ability of agriculture and animal husbandry is further enhanced，People’s material life is richer。Hu people in the West also brought Hu bed、Hu Stool，Home life sitting on the ground during the pre -Qin period changes，Combined with China's own furniture，A new indoor lifestyle was formed during the Song and Ming dynasties。Foreign cultural factors are the development of Chinese civilization and enter fresh blood。China becomes the birthplace of East Asian civilization，Not only because Chinese civilization has a strong tolerance、Learning and transformation ability，It is also the result of the self -confidence of Chinese culture。

It confirmed that in the long history of history，The Chinese nation has created bright culture，Rich and develop human civilization，It also made a major contribution to the development of world civilization。Starting from 10,000 years ago，The ancestors began to choose to cultivate and cultivate crops，domesticated livestock。removing millet、黍 and rice，Breeding buckwheat、radish、cabbage、rapeseed、Yam、Lotus Root、Tea, etc. suitable for Chinese crops suitable for natural conditions in China，domesticated chicken、Dog、Pigs and other domestic animals。

Ancient Chinese handicraft technology and artistic achievements glory。Except for the "Four Great Inventions"，Archeology reveals a series of profound changes in China's social form and lifestyle、Creation and invention that affects the development of world economy and cultural development。Where，Lacquer ware、Silk、Porcelain、Invention of the technology of raw iron and steel production technology is prominent representative。In astronomy、bet365 best casino games Calendar、Architecture、Medicine、Agriculture、Handicraft industry and other areas，There are also many inventions and creations。In short，Archaeological work reveals the many inventions of ancient China and the great creation of the Chinese nation，also shows the important contribution of Chinese civilization to world civilization，Highlight China's due status in ancient civilizations in the world。

　　(The author is a member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Director of the Institute of Archeology)