Veterans of Northeast China，Land fertilizer，River dense cloth，Animal production resources are very rich。Limited Land in Japan，Insufficient livestock resources，To a large extent depends on foreign。After 1913，Japan according to its infringement，Relying on "Full Iron"，Set up various animal husbandry research institutions in Northeast China，engaged in related experiments。Obviously，The fundamental purpose of these livestock production tests is not to improve the living standards of the people in Northeast China，but to meet the demand for livestock products in Japan and the needs of foreign aggression wars，It belongs to a part of the plundence of Japanese livestock。

Since modern times，Japan has gradually established a policy for comprehensive control and plundering of the Northeast Animal Industry in China。After the Japanese Russia War，"Manchuria" is a series of agricultural and animal husbandry test fields in the northeast、Settlement Farm。The predatory goal of achieving the improvement of agricultural and animal husbandry and increasing production，"Full Railway" hire experts several times to investigate the situation of agriculture and animal husbandry in the Northeast region，and founded the "Gongzhongling Agricultural Test Field", "Agricultural Test Field Sub -Sub -Field", "Blackshan Tun Sheep Farm" and other production agencies at the railway line.，Improvement and test of animal husbandry varieties。

September 1933，Minister of the Kanto Army Affairs Minister Kobayashi Guozhao in "About Manchuria Economic Construction"，Horse racing、slaughter、Home Animal Market, etc. as "state -owned" or "public" business，Turn wool with work as a licensed business，The self -operated agriculture and animal husbandry、Processing of animal products except wool, as a business that can be freely operated。where，Horse racing and sheep business are included in the so -called "national defense business"，and set up a reward organ for these two businesses。1934，Japanese cabinet formulates the "Outline of the Manchuria Economic System System"。The outline requires the requirements of animal production，Try to reward the sheep breeding，Planning to engage in bet365 live casino games sheep improvement、reproduction and expansion; improve and reproduce horses from the perspective of national defense; promote cattle、Breeding of pigs。August 10, 1936，The Kanto Army Command has formulated the "Outline of the Second Economic Construction of the Manchuria State"。This outline is proposed in animal production，On the one hand, to ensure the needs of the army、Horse、Sheep add yield，Strengthen epidemic prevention; on the other hand, we must ensure the needs of farmers' cultivation，To satisfy Japan's plunder of agricultural products。January 1937，The Kanto Army introduced the "Five -Year Plan for the Development of Manchuria Industry"，It is stipulated that the livestock department is horses、The increase and improvement of the sheep as the key。September 1941，Puppet Manchu government formulated the second "Five -Year Industrial Development Five -Year Plan"。In terms of livestock products，Sets proliferation targets for various livestock and livestock products。This，Also chicken、Rabbit and other livestock and pig skin、Cow milk、Animal products such as chicken eggs are included in the plan，and set up a target for feed and animal husbandry。This indicates，This plan is more comprehensive with the plunder of Northeast livestock。other，During this period, the pseudo -Manchu government also established the "Rejuvenation of Emergency Animal Products"，Among them, it also includes content of livestock proliferation and epidemic prevention。The above policy indicates，Japan's control of the livestock industry in Northeast China has gradually strengthened，plunder is increasing。

At that time，There are many types of animal epidemic in Northeast China，Livestock and poultry are generally prone to infecting diseases。The effect caused by the beast epidemic，It can be roughly divided into two categories。The first category is an animal epidemic that affects animal husbandry and other industries，It mainly includes anthrax、Niu epidemic、Pume、Cow pneumure、Pig "Hu Liera"、Chicken "Best Det" and so on。These epidemics, regardless of acute or chronic，can cause a large number of livestock deaths，great economic losses to the breeder，And some animal diseases are human and animal diseases，Direct threatening human health and public health。The second category is an animal epidemic that affects the cultivation of domestic bet365 live casino games livestock，It mainly includes sheep acne、Skill disease、Ban Gu heat、Malta He Hot、Pig epidemic、Poor pig auxiliary typhoons、Sheep pneumonia, etc.。other，There are also cattle tuberculosis、Horse flowing cold、Ma Chuanye anemia、Bru's disease、intermittent eyeitis、Pole Pneumonic、Pork Dan poison、Implit ringworm、Popular goose sore、Rabies disease、poultry "Hu Liera"、tetanus、cartilage disease、Daily Emile、Parasitic disease and other animal epidemic。So，At that time, the three eastern provinces were called the "Nest Cave of Beast Epidemic"。The above -mentioned animal epidemic frequency，Reduced the source of animal power required for agriculture，Obstructing the development of animal husbandry and agriculture in Northeast China，directly affects the plundering of Japanese and puppet agriculture in Northeast China。So，Japan steps up various animal epidemic prevention activities。

October 1925，Japan establishes the "Institute of Beast Optimum" in Fengtian。Its main task is to investigate and study various livestock infectious diseases，Manufacturing serum and rabies prevention liquid。"Institute of Beast OppCium" after completion，Should、Niu epidemic、Pume、Sheep acne、Investigation of the occurrence of epidemic diseases such as chicken Bestin，Study epidemic prevention measures。May 1926，"Institute of Beast Diseases" began to apply prevention liquid to the prevention and control of animal epidemic，To a certain extent, the dangers of an animal epidemic in animal husbandry。

After the establishment of the pseudo -Manchuria country，Puppet Manchu government carried out livestock epidemic prevention work in the Northeast，This makes Japan take the opportunity to strengthen the control of the Northeast animal industry。Pseudo -Manfan government's animal epidemic prevention work is divided into three stages。1932-1936 is the first stage，Puppet Manchu Government established a livestock management department- "Ministry of Military and Political Affairs", "Ministry of Mongolia", "Ministry of Industry" and "Ministry of Civil Affairs"。At the same time，"Fengtian Higher Agricultural School" opens animal and veterinary medicine，Training technicians。until 1936，Northeast Veterinary Technician has reached 2,000。1937-1941 is the second stage，Puppet Manchu Government integrated bet365 live casino games livestock management institutions，So as to be able to carry out the epidemic prevention work。December 1937，Pseudo Manchu promulgated the "Prevention and Control of Animal Infectious Diseases"，Anthuria、Niu epidemic、Pullids as three major infectious diseases。To cultivate technicians，"Fengtian Higher Agricultural School" changed to "Fengtian Agricultural University"。To meet the needs of veterinarians in various places，A group of veterinary schools were also set up。1938，Establish a "Animal Veterinary University" in Changchun; set up a "Harbin Agricultural University" in Harbin; put the "Fengtian Veterinary Training Institute" and put it into the "Central Agricultural Training Institute"; Harbin set up "Pioneer Instructor Training Center"。other，Puppet Manchu Government also received the "Manchuria" of the "Manchuria" epidemic research institutions，New "Institute of Horse Epidemic"。1942-1945 is the third stage，Regular injection of prevention of livestock injection，Ettery prevention of pork epidemic and pork cholera。Establishing epidemic prevention centers in various places，The main task is to make a large number of serum，I found early infection of livestock，and take emergency measures，Reduce the risk of infection of other livestock。

In fact，Japan has more content on Northeast China -Northeast Animals。Due to space limit，Here is only "full iron" to discuss the plundering of the northeast wool industry and animal cattle industry as an example。

First，Wool industry serves war。Because wool can be made into a military quilt，For Japan, wool is not only an important industrial raw material，It is even more important military supplies。1918，"Kanto Governor's House" invites the "Toyo Polymorrhine Co., Ltd." (hereinafter referred to as "Dongtuo") and "Manchuria" to discuss the outline of the wool policy of the Japanese cabinet。"Dongtuo" and "Man Tie", two clubs, and deserted in the barren well、Mao Mu Wuxi and other Japanese folk forces and Sun Baihu, president of the Business Association with Zhang Zuolin as the background，The "Full Iron Mao Weaving Co., Ltd." was established on December 27 of the same year。The club receives the assistance of various Japanese government departments on funds and equipment。where，The Japanese Army Province "25 units of all woven machines in Qianju Venus and all its affiliated mechanical loans"，to alleviate the bet365 best casino games difficulty of the club in equipment imports。"Full Railway" starts from the perspective of industrial assistance，subscribed 3155 shares of the club，5%of the total shares。"Dongtuo" subscribed to 23%of the shares of the company，Become a major shareholder of the club。So，Japanese government、Military and other capital forces participated in it。

The club mainly produces woolen、Beep、Mao Beepe、blanket、Kneele blanket，Its products are mainly sold to "Japanese Army、Fresh Managa、Railway and Chinese Army、Railway, etc.，and will satisfy the people need to put in the secondary position。Although the product quality of the club is thick and poor，Poor operation，But "Manchuria" and "Kanto Hall" still give subsidies from the perspective of supporting the club，"Full Iron" also subscribe to about 40,000 yards each year。"Full Iron Mao Weaving Co., Ltd." colonial to the northeast wool industry，Not only manifested on plundering raw materials、Guarantee Army needs to be used，It is also reflected in the different treatment of Chinese and Japanese workers。In the club，The treatment of Chinese workers is generally lower than that of Japanese workers，In particular, the treatment of Chinese helpers is not as good as the half of the Japanese commissioner。The club's rough treatment of Chinese workers，It even aroused several strike resistance of Chinese workers。

Second，Beef processing industry serves war。Since modern times，The rich animal cattle resources in Northeast China have been stubborn by the barren Japan，The Japanese military regards beef as an important military strategic material。After 1930，The Japanese Navy mainly provides beef from the Northeast，East Asia Posting Co., Ltd. plays an important role in the Japanese navy beef supply。The club was established in 1921，Its main job is to operate agriculture、Land and immigration business，Also engaged in livestock business，Beef export is an important content of animal production。The club has a special slaughterhouse、breeding farm and tetris，and have a vast pasture in Linxi and Tongliao。From January 1929 to January 1930，The club exported to Tokyo and Kuying Island 1700 heads，To Tokyo、Osaka、There are 500 heads for exported beef and boxed meat in the Kobe area。January 1930，The club applies to the Japanese Navy Province to host the business of exported Bet365 lotto review beef，and get approval。The club initially provided beef for the Japanese agent "Boma"，September 1931 became a direct supplier of Wu Shoufu。Because the price of Northeast beef is cheap，Hengxu He Army needs to buy 254,000 kg from the club at the end of September of the same year，April 1932，Use the club as a designated supplier。Zuo Shi Baojun needs to make a reservation to the club in March 1932，In October of the same year, I entered into an annual contract with the club。

September 14, 1936，Capital by "Manchuria"，Established "Manzhou Animal Industry Co., Ltd."。In addition to inheriting the beef export business of the livestock department of the East Asian Persuasion Co., Ltd.，Planning to operate cans、Processing of other meat products、Wool and other livestock business，Become a comprehensive enterprise that plunder Northeast livestock resources。After half a year of the establishment of the club，That is to formulate a detailed supply plan for Japanese navy beef in 1937-1938。

Since then，The pseudo -Manfang government is to protect the army's diet、Improve the use of by -products，Decided to transform the "Manchurian Animal Industry Industry Co., Ltd." into fresh meat and livestock processing、The central agency that jointly operates in one body。For this，November 1941，"Manchurian Animal Industry Industry Co., Ltd." absorbed the funds of "Manchuria" and "Manzhou Animal Property Club"，expanded production scale。

From "East Asian Pedicia Co., Ltd." to the establishment of an independent enterprise "Manchurian Animal Industry Co., Ltd."，Then expand the club into a central agency for livestock，With the gradual expansion of the company's scale，Northeast beef exports to the Japanese Navy's business increasingly systematic and complete。Follow it，Japanese plunder of Northeast animal cattle resources is no longer limited to living beef and beef。For example，"Manchuria" to invest in the "Manchurian Animal Industry Co., Ltd." is to get avocado，And this is based on the military use of avocado as the main raw material of vehicle lubricating oil。After the outbreak of the Pacific War，With the expansion of the scale of the war，The number of Japanese navy continues to increase，The demand for beef increases with this，Japan's control of the Northeast beef processing industry has also gradually strengthened。

In short，In recent Northeast China, the scientific bet365 best casino games research activities of animal husbandry，The purpose is to plunder livestock resources。Japan will invest some of the plunder animal products into its domestic market to meet civilian use，More assigning for the army，Guarantee the logistics supply of Japanese soldiers。Japan's monopoly on the livestock industry in Northeast China、Destruction operation，seriously hindered the healthy development of the Northeast's livestock industry，Its livestock policy provides a guarantee for its plundering。During the 40 years from "Manchuria" to Japan's defeat，Japan's northeast China as the "supply base" of its livestock resources and plunder，It has caused huge losses to livestock resources in Northeast China。

(This article is the major project of the National Social Science Foundation "Harvard University Collection of Modern Heilongjiang Resource Historical Materials Excavation and Economy (1906-1945)" (19ZDA223)

(Author Unit: School of History and Culture, Harbin Normal University)