Facing reality、Observation society，This is a main function of history。Organic combination of historical research with real life，Learn from history，Make good use of the stone of his mountains，It is the responsibility of historians。As a major topic of research on philosophy and social science research as the Ministry of Education、"Thirteenth Five -Year Plan" National Key Publishing Planning Project，Vice President and Secretary -General of the Ancient Middle Ages of the World Ancient Middle Ages、Chairman of the Middle Ages of the Middle Ages of the Middle Ages of the World Ancient Middle Ages of China、Tianjin Normal University Professor Liu Jinghua and others of the European Civilization Research Institute, "The Significance of the European Rural Urbanization and its reference significance" (July Edition of Economic Science Press, July)，Quite sex at this point。

In this book，The author has raised two interesting problems: the focus of urbanization is mainly based on the construction of small and medium towns in rural areas，Or is it mainly to develop big cities? In the developed developed countries that have been completed，What important values ​​of European experience have for my country? The first question is that there Bet365 lotto review is a lot of controversy in the domestic academic community，The book clearly proposes to focus on strengthening urbanization construction in rural areas。The author pointed out，Focusing on the development of large cities can make resource allocation more reasonable，Maximize economic benefits，But the problem will be very serious，The gap between urban and rural areas may continue to expand，The income unfair phenomenon of income between different social groups will also be strengthened; and the same resources are put into rural areas，Although it can not produce economic benefits like being put into the city，But the social benefits generated will be far greater than the city。Because of the same investment，The former is icing on the cake，For the latter, it is a charcoal in the snow，Its importance is unknown。Rural，Especially rural areas in the central and western regions，It is a short board for my country's economic and social development，Only accelerate rural urbanization，Only in order to change this unbalanced state。As far as the second question is concerned，The author clearly recognizes，Europe and China have been agricultural civilization for thousands of years，There is a traditional agriculture、The problem of transition to modern times to farmers and rural areas。The process of rural urbanization in Europe shows that the road to rural urbanization in Bet365 app download modern Europe is relatively successful，Its experience and lessons are worth learning from our country。

Another feature of the book is that the long -term and phase of the rural urbanization process should be emphasized。Pointing in the book，Western Europe, which is the first to realize urbanization，Rural urbanization has actually gone through thousands of years。around the 11th century，Although Western Europe is the natural economy of Nongben lives in its dominance，But due to the accumulation and consumption of agricultural products, the needs of industrial and commercial business gradually produced。So some products distribution center and convenient transportation in rural areas，Many industrial and commercial towns have emerged。The development of rural industry in the 15th and 16th centuries，is the starting point of rural urbanization in Western Europe。With the start of "original industrialization"，Resources and population are gradually concentrated in cities and cities。The industrial revolution and the industrialization process from this，then the rural urbanization of European rural areas to a climax。Urbanization level in the UK reached more than 50%in 1850，Most countries in Western Europe at the end of the 19th century also reached this level。After World War II，Western European rural urbanization has developed diverse progress，Ru Satellite bet365 live casino games City Construction、Expansion of the suburban commute area。In addition to the urbanization of the population，Rural living conditions and lifestyles are gradually urbanized，The gap between urban and rural areas is basically eliminated，formed a trend of urban and rural integration and the development of urban and rural integration。Today's Western European countryside is not only a livable place with beautiful environment，It has also appeared in the economy。For example, England，The urban and rural economy is increasingly homogeneous，Emerging rural tourism employment positions even exceed agriculture，More than one -third of industrial and commercial enterprises are located in the village。But，As the author of the book is discussed，long -term experience from rural urbanization in Europe can be known，Transition from traditional rural areas to modern cities，Regardless of agriculture or farmers，There are more old imprints，Idea concept、The transformation of technical use and other aspects has a certain lag，It takes time for generations to complete。Therefore，Based on the full evaluation of local resources and development levels，Promoting rural urbanization in stages，can achieve the best social effect。

The author also pointed out，Europe as a pioneer of rural urbanization，It has also brought a lot of profound lessons。in 18、The industrial revolution and urbanization process of the 19th century，Various bet365 best casino games types of resources in rural areas are sucked in large quantities of industrial and cities，Causes the rural population sharply、Economy withered。A series of technological revolution that has risen，From the surface，It seems to strengthen urban and rural contact，But in fact, the rural population and rural economy are uniformly dependent on cities，Become an attachment to the city。The locality of rural areas is worn out，The landscape of the countryside is changed，Traditional rural communities move towards disintegration，Rural society shows a tearing trend: Qingzhuang labor force moves to the city，The village becomes a habitat for the elderly。In the process of contemporary rural urbanization in my country，There is a similar phenomenon。From the author of the book，my country ’s rapid urbanization movement since the 1990s，Although "curve overtaking" although in some ways，Remove a lot of exploration，But the impact on rural areas has not been solved，Quick urbanization itself has a great negative impact on the impact and destructive power of the countryside。Therefore，If the speed of urbanization in my country is properly slowed down on the premise of not affecting economic development，Not only can reduce the physical destruction of rural areas，It can also gradually disappear with the psychological unsuitable of the old generation of traditional farmers over time。

In short，Professor Liu bet365 Play online games Jinghua and his team are in this masterpiece，Features in the development process of European urbanization、Questions and influences have performed a relatively comprehensive analysis and discussion。Of course，The book still exists in some expanding research space，What impact does the colonial expansion in Western European countries affect their urbanization，Need to improve or add some discussions on the urbanization of southern Europe and Eastern Europe。but，Many arguments of the book are currently the development of new urbanization construction in my country and the development of revitalizing rural strategy，It undoubtedly has important reference and guiding significance。Stone of his mountain，can attack jade; others' things，My teacher。Although the development path of different countries and regions in the world is very different，However, the basic development law still has similarities。Obviously，Only fully absorb experiences and lessons in the process of urbanization in other countries and regions，combined with your own actual situation，The steps of rural urbanization in China will be good and stable。

(The author is a professor at the Department of History at Peking University、President of the British History Research Association)