Chinese civilization source is long and long，The Han Dynasty was the foundation period of the traditional Chinese "unified" country，It is also one of the prosperous times in Chinese history，The ethnic and cultural spirit of its shaped national and cultural spirit has deeply affected the development of political and culture of later generations。We stand on the historical turning point of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation，absorbing and drawing on the essence of ideological essence of the Han Dynasty，It is undoubtedly important。

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From Han Confucianism，In the end of the spring and autumn, it will be descended，The world entered the "troubled times"，To Qin to reach the peak，"The weekly room is declining，Tyrant Police Slows its scriptures，Crimine Crossing，Political order does not believe，upper and lower phase fraud，Gongtian is not cured ...，Disaster lives and disaster。Lingyi as for the Warring States Period，Excessive fraud and cheap merit，First wealthy and then courteous "。("Hanshu · Food and Goods") Facing the troubled times，The primary task is naturally "disorder anyway"。For example，Mencius has highly evaluated the "Confucius'" Spring and Autumn "" to make chaos "，"In the past, Yu suppressed the flood and the world was flat，Zhou Gong and Yidi drive the beast and the people would rather，Confucius Cheng Cheng "Spring and Autumn" and chaotic thief fear "。("Mencius Tengwen Gong")，Impoors inherited this idea，"A gentleman is" Spring and Autumn "?，Anti -righteous，Mo near "Spring and Autumn" "。("Spring and Autumn Rabbit Biography · Ai Gong 14 Years") developed to the Eastern Han Dynasty，Based on this basis，Further proposed the famous ram "III"，The political ideal of the Confucian "chaos anyway" has been raised to the height of the law of historical development。

The theory of "III" the "Third Introduction" of the ram originated from "The Biography of the Ram" related to "I see different words，I heard Bet365 lotto review from different words，Rumorized Different Words "。"Spring and Autumn" records the history of "Lu Yin Gong's New Year" to "Ru Ai Gong 14 Years"，Confucius According to my "what I saw、I heard、Rumors of rumors，Divided "Spring and Autumn" into three different historical stages，Then use different writing methods based on the degree of "Energy Deep"，Nothing to do not。"Biography of Race" further the different writing methods of its three different stages，The "calligraphy" that Confucius intentionally adopted to express its "micro -words"。Based on this，He Xiu summarizes the different "calligraphy" of these three different stages and the "micro -words" to be expressed by Confucius、Promotion、Concrete to the so -called ram "Third Life"，That is, "Decaying Life -Shengping World -Taiping World"。The historical stage where the "III" is different，Naturally, the governance methods it takes is also different，"Fattering" "Inside the country and the summer，first look at the inside and then rule outside "，"Shengping Shi" is "inner summer and foreign Yi Di"，The ultimate purpose is to enter "Taiping World"，Realize "Yidi Jin as to Jue，The Taiping prosperous world of the world is far away and small, "。("Spring and Autumn Rabbit Biography · Symbil of the first Year") He Xiu's summary、Promotion and refinement，Get rid of specific historical facts，Looking at the general laws of historical development and the ultimate goal of historical development，Reflected the strong goal of "chaos anyway" and optimistic confidence in historical development and evolution。

The theory of the "Third Introduction" of the ram can be said to represent the spirit of the era of the Han Dynasty。"Details anyway" is the common ideal of Han Confucianism，To achieve "the world's peace" is its ultimate struggle goal。The "III of the Three" ranges combines the two，and improved to the height of the laws of historical development。Actually，Any great era requires a set of historical development theories of scientific systems to guide，Among them, we must not only have a clear goal of struggle，There must be a clear path of struggle。The reason why the Han society shows the Qi swallowing mountains and rivers、The momentum bet365 live casino games of changing the day，Thanks to such an excellent group of theorists。They worry about the world，full of ideals，On the basis of summing up the laws of historical development，Innovate the theory of historical development，"At the time of heaven and man，Change of ancient and modern，The saying of a family "is their true portrayal。

Now，Ancient China is standing up from standing、The great journey of getting rich and strong，The support behind this is exactly the scientific summary of a generation of Communists for the context of Chinese historical development、The difficult exploration of the road of human development。The theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics of the scientific system not only pointed out Kangzhuang Avenue，It also contributed Chinese wisdom for solving human problems、Provided Chinese solution。

　　Contains people and people's ideas

The theory of "Heaven and Man" is very popular in the Han Dynasty，Since modern times, it has been regarded as a feudal dross and abandoned.。Actually，The "Tian" in "Heaven and People Sensing" is just a formal element，More importantly, the ideological connotation that is expressed behind it。"Sky" is a value collection that the sons and sages have gradually condensed since the pre -Qin Dynasty，It carries a series of politics created by the sages、Moral and cultural value，The natural attributes and theological attributes represented by "Sky" have gradually been diluted since the Spring and Autumn Period。In other words，In the theory of "Heaven and People"，Focus on "people"，"Sky" is completely passive，The theory of "Heaven and Man" contains the bet365 best casino games "people" and "people" thoughts in traditional political culture。

From Han Confucianism，The purpose of all real political systems and political institutions is for "people"，"Wang" is certainly no exception，"Chen Wen was born with steaming people，Can't cure each other，For the establishment of the king，Founded system is not the emperor，Earth division is not the princes，All think the people also "。("Hanshu · Gu Yongchuan") Follow this logic，The heart of the people is God，Shun people's heart can get God's will，。Tianxin Shun is yin and yang and，Tianxin Reversal is yin and yang 乖。Heaven with the people as the heart，Bet365 lotto review Min Anle is Tianxin，Sorrowfulness is the heart of the heart "。("The Division of the Division · The Political") Similarly，heavy people、Raising the people becomes the basis of the monarch's "inheritance of the destiny"，"The Lord's Lord is inherited with the destiny to support the people。Civil survivors are stored in the community，The death of the people's death。Therefore, those who are heavy people，So the community and the destiny are also inherited "。("Shen Jian · Miscellaneous Words") With such a prerequisite for political ethics，Dong Zhongshu dare to put it on，"The lives of heaven are not king，And the king of Tianli thinks the people also。Therefore, its virtue is enough to be safe for the people，Tian Yu; its evil is enough to harm the people，Sky Getting "。("Spring and Autumn Fan Lu · Yao Shun is not good at moving Tang Wu or not to kill") The political purpose of Han Confucianism is really prominent，"People who are complained by the husband，The heavens are going;，Shanghe Tianyi。3515_3524，Shanghe Tianyi，Gong Nai can be achieved "。("Hou Han Book · Wang Changchuan") This is the benchmark belief of Han Confucianism on the thoughts of bet365 best casino games "people" and "people"，This belief has a huge impact on the politics of the Han Dynasty。

The key links of "Heaven and Human induction" are "Xiangrui" and "Disaster Different"，and the emergence of "disaster" and "Xiangrui" mainly depends on "monarch"，"Gai Wen is born with steaming people，Can't get rid of it，Standing for it，Make Si Muzhi。Jun Dao is below，Then Huixiang is on the top;，The blame is seen "。("Hou Han Book · Emperor Ji") "Xiangrui" and "Disaster Different" as a reflection of "God of God"，Projecting to the world is to require the emperor to continue to reflect on their own political and moral behavior，Maintain awe of political order and political ethics，"I have been good at trial，but not to blame heaven，Also; I suspect that I am not good，Introduction to the Tao to self -reliance，Followed;，and seeking the heavens，Lord of the Lord also "。("Chang Yan") Here，The status of "Heaven" in "Heaven and People" is further eliminated，What is more emphasized is the political consciousness and political cultivation for politicians。

The connotation of the bet365 best casino games "people" and "people" contained in the theory of "heaven and human induction" in the Han Dynasty，Although its expression form is very different from the "people -centered people" thought today，But its spiritual essence is different。There is no "heaven" that can control everything in the world，"People's" is the real "sky"。

　　"Unification of the Great" ideal and "Community of Human Destiny"

"Unification of the Great" is one of the core concepts of Confucianism in the Han Dynasty。The "Big" of "Unification" is a verb in the discourse system of the ram school in the Han Dynasty，Equivalent to "Views、Respect "，represents a value orientation and struggle target。China has been a multi -ethnic community since ancient times，"Yixia Relations" has always been an important political issue。Although there are tensions and even war periods in history，But in terms of cultural psychology and political concepts，All think that Yixia should have been harmonious and harmonious。Because in the context of traditional Chinese culture，Yidi is considered a low degree of civilization、Polite art and education;、Polite and righteous literary and religious people are "China" and "Zhu Xia"，Civilization and barbaric are the only criteria for Yixia's discern。Therefore, since Confucius, it has advocated "changes with Xiayi"，to make the original backward brutal Yidi，Gradually transition to civilization and advanced transition，Finally reached the level of civilization of Zhuxia，The ideal of realizing the "Datong of the World"。

The two Han Dynasty，mainstream culture inherits this tradition of thought，In the eyes of people，The distinction between China and Yidi cannot be based on the blood race，It can not be based on geographical territory，Not as criterion for strength and weakness，Instead, it is based on "righteousness, righteousness, culture and education"。This is a kind of obvious awareness of equality、The national view of the world as the family。By this standard, distinguish Yi Xia，It is Yidi into China，Realizing ethnic integration provides logical rationality，Sima Qian's unified scene carefully created in "Historical Records" is the concentration display of this cultural bet365 Play online games psychology。The description of the "Third Life" of the "Third Life" of the rams is also a vivid portrayal of this national cultural psychology，"The World I saw，Governance of Taiping，Yidi Jin as the Jue，The world is far away from small, one "。Here，Yixia Different，It is closely linked to his "unified" political ideals and the historical philosophy of "Zhang Sanshi"，He Xiu's ultimate ideal here is to realize a "Yixia Hybrid" Taiping prosperous world。Since the Qin and Han dynasties，"Unification of the Great" is the political idea that the Chinese nation is higher than all，Whether it is Han or ethnic minorities，All use "unification" as the ideal and struggle goal，The reason why ancient China was able to maintain a unified country for thousands of years，closely related to this "unification" concept in the history of the Chinese nation。

"Unification of the Great" vision is not limited to traditional Yi Xia relations，The world view of traditional China is a "world view" with a clear center and blurred edges，The exchanges between different civilized worlds outside the territory also belong to the wide range of the category of Yi Xia relations。In other words，The final cultural ideal of Han Confucianism is to create a harmonious "world in the world" society，This kind of peaceful age，"When the yin and yang are tone and the wind and rain，group students and all the people colonies，Cooked grain and grass and trees，Between heaven and earth is moist and rich，Shengde within the four seas and all Lai Chen，Zhufu's things，to the Xiang of the Yin，No matter not to "。("Hanshu · Dong Zhongshu Biography") is also because of such a strong values ​​of the Xia Ping color and the "unification of the world" full of cultural ideals，Only the birth of the world -famous Silk Road。The formation of the Silk Road has opened up the touches of the communication of Asian and European civilization，promoted the rebirth of their respective civilization，In turn, further strengthening the importance of national equality and national integration。From the historical perspective，Chinese civilization is developing and growing in the continuous exchanges and mutual learning with other civilizations in bet365 best casino games the world。China still needs to be based on national equal communication，Efforts to build a new period of "Community of Human Destiny"，"One -in -one，Chinese and foreign blessings "is still our best wish。

Excellent traditional culture is the spiritual pulse of the Chinese nation，It is an important carrier containing the core values ​​of socialism。The Han Dynasty was the foundation of the Great Reunion Empire in Chinese history，The many political civilization principles and spiritual and cultural temperament established with the deep insights of the sages and history。Deepen the essence of the ideological essence，It has important reference value for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation。

(The author is a professor at the School of History and Culture of Shanxi University)