Yixue and Academy is an important part of ancient Chinese education，Play an important role in the training of talents in traditional society。In the early Qing Dynasty，It has a clearer border with the academy and the academy。With Bet365 app download the development of the times，The two are gradually being in the organization、System、mode、Function and other aspects present a lot of similarities，The phenomenon of the academy of Yixue is more prominent。The academy of Yixue in the Qing Dynasty blurred the boundary of the academy and academy，Become a question that needs to be valued in the history of education。

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Yixue first appeared in the Han Dynasty，The peak of its development in the Qing Dynasty，Stable into two types: The first is an educational institution for ethnic minorities for ethnic minorities，The other is a school set up for the poor children in various places。If Kangxi 52 years (1713)，Qing Shengzu "Order the provinces and prefectures and counties，Disposal teacher，Gathering the Lonely Cold Sheng Tong Inspirational Reading "。As soon as the first year of Yongzheng (1723)，Children near the villagers are within a certain period of time，"Those who have aspirations，All make the school in the school ... inspire Mongolian children，Achievement Junyu "。The main teaching content of the Yixue of the Qing Dynasty is "Primary School"，The so -called "Yixue is enlightened with enlightenment children，Reading sentence，Make the children of poor households unable to doctors，All can be learned，Yigu Shengshi Township Township Party's legacy also "。This indicates，Qing Dynasty Yixue is Tongmeng Education at the level of education，Teaching is mainly training for training。

Academy first appeared in the Tang Dynasty，Until Bet365 app download the development of the Song Dynasty，An important supplement to become official and innovative highland for traditional academics。Ming Dynasty Zou Yuan Name: "Academy，There is no ancient。There are Song Zhu Great Confucianism，Speaking the Holy Chest，Such as a white deer、Goose Lake、Stone Drum、Yuelu is all over the name area，Later who follows it，The school is all over the domain，It is also imitated with the party's preface，Auxiliary school and political unpaid cloud。"During the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Academy in the Governance of Fuzhou County，Most of them are local education centers，Together with Yixue, the educational level system in the region，"Li Academy to cultivate adults，Fuyi Liyi Xuexue to teach kid，Boy has created，The virtue of adults can be expected，It is the academy and Lai Yi Xue to the supplement "。cause，The main difference between Yixue and Academy is that in ancient education, they belong to different levels of educational organizations，The teaching level of the academy、The school level is higher than Yixue，The boundary between Yixue and Academy is quite clear。

　　Yixue crown name is quite common

Although the concept of righteousness and academy is clear，However, in the Qing Dynasty, the phenomenon of academy of righteousness appeared，The main manifestation is the "Academy" named "Academy" as a phenomenon。History period，A few righteous studies have the nature of the academy，Take Jiangxi as an example，The Cai's Yiwu of Ruichang during the Northern Song Dynasty，Qiangang Yisuo, Fengcheng Jie, Yuan Dynasty、Wanan Liu's Confucian Lin Yiwu, etc.，All from famous teachers，High school level，Although there is no "academy" in the name, there is a reality of the academy。

The difference is，The degree of teaching of righteousness in the Qing Dynasty、Low running level，Social impact limited，But the name of "Academy"。Ru, Jiangxi Wanzai Guo Shan Zhang, was built bet365 Play online games in the 46th year of Kangxi, Jinge College、Daoguang Eight Years (1828) Shixi Academy、Xianfeng Seven Years (1857) Liu's Liu's College，All are the trainers of the children's children。Take Ouyang as an example，Originally borrowed the children in the family ancestral hall，But "The hustle and bustle of the family gathering is not quiet，Africa to raise children and be holy exercises "，So I discussed in the "Land 垲，The Chong Dao Temple on the side of Chongdao Courtyard "Home"。This discussion gets a response from the 8th room Qingminghui，Donate a total of 179 thousand texts，Shi Xi Academy is completed in the month of not a month，The nature of Shixi Academy is actually the family of Tong Meng for the Ouyang family.。

Except Jiangxiwai，Other provinces in the Qing Dynasty also have this kind of situation，If the academy of academy recorded in the local minds during the Qianlong period in Hubei Province, there are Puyang Jade Belt College、Huanggang Pingjiang Academy、Zhenying College and Guanshan College (later renamed Mengzheng College)、Lai Fengguilin Academy (a scholarship)、Lichuan Shuangjiang Academy (a loyalty academic) and Ruhua Academy (a Nanping Yixue)、Nanzhangjunzhang College、Enshi Fengshan Academy、Yunmengmeng Ze Academy，etc.。If you further excavate the educational and historical materials in folk literature such as the Hubei (family) spectrum of the Qing Dynasty，The number of righteous learning in the name of "academy" will be more。

　　Multi -movement caused by this phenomenon

Yixue and Academy are important educational institutions in the Qing Dynasty，Why does it appear to learn more about it?，The academy rarely names the phenomenon of righteousness? The author believes that there are the following reasons。

First，Local Xiang Mu。Academy since the beginning of the Tang Dynasty，I have never entered the official science system，Not an integral part of the official academic system。The school's running Bet365 lotto review funds mainly depend on social donations，The hire by the teacher、The selection of students and the relatively free and flexible management mode。After the official school gradually loses the function of Xingxian Yiyi and is reduced to the imperial examination preparation agency，The Academy becomes a clear stream for its inadequate，It is a master of a master in the traditional period、Talent training、Confucian civilization inheritance and educational regulation of the main position，When the person was affected by the people。

The academy of Yixue in the Qing Dynasty is a concentrated manifestation of the educational educational of the righteous science。Jiayi Xue crown in the name of the academy，It has improved the level of school running in the form，It shows that the purpose of running a school to run a school is based on academy education、The spirit of the academy is the purpose of returning，Therefore, expand the social impact of righteous learning。For example, in the 29th year of Kangxi, Liu Xiaocheng, Anhui Huaining Zhixian County, led the public to promote the establishment of "Yifu before county rule，Lesson Anhui people，Name of Qianjiang Academy "，That is, it has pinned Liu Zhixian to build righteous studies、The beautiful wishes of the prosperous culture and education。At the same time，The academy of Yixue also further shows that the social impact of the academy reached a historical peak in the Qing Dynasty。

Second，Management and relaxation。For the purpose of stable rule，The academy management and control policy in the early Qing Dynasty is strict，Shunzhi Nine -year Order is not allowed to create a college，Yongzheng In the first year of Yongzheng ordered the official temple of the general、The academy is changed to Yixue，etc.。This situation did not change until the 11th year of Yongzheng，Nian Yongzheng said: "Establish an academy，Choose a provincial literary and well -excellent people to read it.，Make bet365 live casino games it chanting，Bowing in inspiration，Some achievements，俾，One of the talents of Xingxian Yiyu "，Order to establish a city academy in the governor's resident land and give each gold 1000 two，"So，The set of the academy，It is helpful to learn the people's style without flow，Naiwen's high hopes "。So far，The policies of the Qing government's college have shifted，Therefore, it has created conditions for the rapid development of the Qing Dynasty Academy。

Under the demonstration role of the provincial academy in the court，The Regional Central Academy of the Prefecture County is up。But what follows is the official operation of the academy disadvantaged，Quality is getting worse every condition。For this，The Qing government has issued many decisions，While strengthening supervision，Continuously adjust the management mode of the college，but not received better results。So，Since the middle of Qianlong，Local gentlemen enter the academy through donating the hospital and other methods，Establishing a board of directors responsible for administrative affairs，Promote "Mountain Changsong Public Propaganda，Officials are not being a manager "and other series of reforms，Implement the transformation of the management model of the academy。The relaxation of the management and control policies of the Qing government's college makes the civil construction college more flexible，Reported officials and other red texts 缛 缛 缛 缛 缛。In the absence of institutional obstacles，To improve the level of running school、Expand the impact of running school，The academy of Yixue becomes the active choice of local gentry。

third，Officials advocated。and justice、taxes、Public order and other comparisons，Education institutions are not the priority of local officials in the Qing Dynasty，But it is a place that is easy to make when officials' performances，bet365 live casino games Preaching the Holy Puppet、Construction of righteous learning、Xiu Xue Palace、Academy, etc. "Education and Xingxing" is often regarded as "outstanding" political achievements and attracted attention。So，Local officials in the Qing Dynasty often pay attention to Sven at the beginning of the car，or Construction Palace，or advocate the establishment of an academy、Yixue。As described earlier，Yongzheng Eleven Years after the establishment of the provincial capital，The traditional tradition of synonym for high -level and high -level education since the Song Dynasty has been given realistic significance，，Must be effective，Donating the construction college is therefore almost an inevitable behavior for local officials in the Qing Dynasty。Demonstration of officials、Promotion、Under the following，This tendency has emerged as a trend of spreading from Zhicheng to the countryside，So as to promote more rural academics to develop to the academy。

The School of Yixue School has a certain positive impact。On the one hand，This makes the number of Qing Dynasty academies surged，The total number of newly built academies reaches more than 5,000 institutions，Summary of the Four Generations of the Tang Dynasty, Yuan and Ming Dynasties。and，The academy of the academy is mainly located in the vast village，A large amount of filling the gap in the space distribution of the academy of the past。On the other hand，In this process，The academy of Yixue has also promoted the change of the regulations of the academy，Adactions to local conditions，Reform the mature regulations of the academy。Ru lecture、Sacrifice、Xue Tian、Books and other academies have evolved in the academy of Yixue in the Qing Dynasty to evolve into exams and classes awards。

As far as the study of education history in the Qing Dynasty，The academy of Yixue in the Qing Dynasty blurred the boundaries of Yixue and Academy。It is difficult to distinguish between the two，This place of repairer the repaired since Qianlong is particularly Bet365 lotto review obvious。In the outline of "Yixue" and "Academy" of local ambitions, you often have me with me、I have you in me。Rujiayu County, Hubei has the "School of Yixue"，Anhui Huaining County has "Academy Righteousness"。This brings challenges to the study and academy study of the Qing Dynasty，Dating their respective research objects become the first task，This is a problem that needs to be faced in the history of education in the Qing Dynasty。

(This article is the key topic of Jiangxi Provincial Education Science Planning "Fang Zhi Seng Jiangxi Academy Education Literature Collection and Research" (19ZD080) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: School of Education, Nanchang Teachers College)