The Byzantine Empire under the head of the Komonin dynasty has gone through more than 100 years of rule。Early early establishment of the dynasty，The serious situation of the empire faces internal and external problems，Foreign enemy invasion on three sides、Frequent domestic rebellion、Military Region Mainly Unlock、Bankruptcy of small farmers economy、National financial difficulties、Social turmoil。The dynasty ruler represented by Alekkukus I (reigned from 1081-1118)，Make a large -scale reform，Restore political and economic order internally，Foreign loss，Realized the century -old revival of the Byzantine Empire。

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The military region system of the Byzantine Empire has developed for hundreds of years，Created a weighted noble family group。Starting since the mid -11th century，Several aristocratic families have carried out bloody contest to seize the imperial power，Frequent political rebellion has led to the extremely sinister political ecological environment of the empire，Domestic situation is turbulent。To consolidate the imperial power，The Kimonian dynasty re -adjusted the Empire's elite system，Through eradication of alien forces，Get power in the hands of the royal family and the family that has a close relationship with it，formed a centered on the Kimonin family，A relative closed ruling group with the relationship between blood and marriage，This elite foundation that stabilizes the dynasty。Under the rule of the Komonin Dynasty，The appointment and removal of the title of the court and the senior official position depends on the relationship with the reigning emperor，Ren people can only become a typical feature of the dynasty rule。

Alekkukus I founded a Bet365 app download new Sebastoi level，And give it extensively to the royal family and members of the blood relatives or in -laws。In this new title level，The emperor is at the top，"Chief Great Noble" second only to the emperor，The son of the emperor、Uncle of Brothers and Father，The third level includes his son -in -law and male relatives formed through marriage，They are given different titles based on the order of their wives in the family，The fourth level is the emperor's nephew and cousin，The bottom titles are given to the emperor's niece or husband's husband of the father cousin。They unite in a certain order in a family group with the emperor as the core，Monopoly the senior official step of the court。Manuel I. During the reign，His son -in -law、nephew、Congress、Uncle、Nie Nieth、brother -in -law and other blood relatives or in -laws，Both have been appointed important positions of the central and local bureaucratic agencies。John II ’s family members fight for power and conspiracy rebellion，Make him worry about giving the royal members of the political power，I personally cultivated a group of outstanding talents who are not imperial relatives.，But during its rule，Royal family and their relatives still master many military and political posts。

At the same time，In order to expand the scope and social foundation of the elite group of the emperor's autocracy，The Kimonian dynasty vigorously promoted political marriage，In the huge family network with powerful families who have the strength to challenge the imperial power,，Form the community of interests。Well Naya Zhongsi pointed out，The important officials during the rule of the Cuimonian dynasty constituted most of them as people with the royal family blood、People who have relatives with the emperor and those who are favored by the emperor。This system makes it the core of the ruling group with a direct descendant of the descendants and the family members who bet365 live casino games marry the royal family。It has a horizontal network composed of the royal family and its relatives，Weakened confrontation between the big family of the imperial power，The risk of the ruling class was reduced from the system，Political stability in a certain period of time，The institutional foundation laid the centennial revival of the Kimoning dynasty。

　　 　　Promoting tax and land reform 

Alekkuzi I succeeds in the throne，The severe military situation and the chaotic economic situation lead to the emptiness of the state treasury，To collect military expenses，He even forcibly collects church property twice。The rulers of the Kimonin dynasty carried out the standard tax、Economic reforms, such as implementing the Prononian system, etc.。

In terms of tax，It is mainly the tax rate of unified basic land tax，and stipulate the unified standard of surcharges。Specifications of the tax system，It provides a stable mechanism guarantee for the smooth levying national tax，Make foreign enemy invasion of the normal operation and repel of state agencies with fiscal support。In terms of land system，Mainly to further implement the Provena system。In some times，The state needs to re -assign land wealth according to the situation at that time，so。Implementation of the Plonia System，The state can exchange land management rights and tax privileges for the service of land users，They must provide troops for the country，undertake many military obligations。During the period of Manuel I，Pronia gradually becomes a common form of land possession，Its ownership also changes from lifelong system to hereditary system。The rulers of the Kimonin dynasty gave Pronia to a member of the ruling class within a certain range，Not only provides financial support for its supporters' political status，and can reduce military expenditure，Solve the problem of military sources and military defense。

　　 　　Enhance the combat power of the army 

In the middle and late bet365 best casino games 11th century，The disintegration of the military region system that provides the country's source of military sources caused the military strength of the empire to drop sharply，The defense system falls into collapse。The reconstruction of the army and the enhancement of its combat effectiveness，It is very critical for the empire to survive in external siege。The ruler of the Kimonian dynasty needs one to be with the Norman people、Pacin Niger、The army of foreign invaders such as the Zella Turk and other foreign invaders and the suppression of the soldiers of the subjects of the subjects。They have taken effective military governance measures，Improve the combat effectiveness of the army。

First，Worship and reuse military nobles，General power is firmly controlled in the hands of the royal family and the noble family that exists closely。The emperors appointed the Neighbor Army General and the Governor of the Provincial Governor among the emperors，or relying on a local family that rely on relatives that has a relationship with it to rule the local area。It can be seen from the content of "Biography of Alekkov"，Most of the military commanders who fought with Alekkukus I fought on the battlefield were from the Royal Family and the noble family who had a blood or marriage relationship with it, as well as intimate relationship with his personal relationship、The person he trusts deeply。For example，Tattisius is his childhood playmate and close friend，Always reused，is one of the important generals of the imperial military power，As an army commander, almost appeared in all major battles and political crises。During the war，To solve the problem of scarce military expenses，Members and relatives of the Kimonin family enthusiastically donated private property，The men of the family always accompany him in the battle，Fight with him to fight the battlefield。To the middle of the 12th century，Komonin family and family with bet365 live casino games blood or marriage have occupied about 90 % of the empire's senior military position。The loyalty and strong support of the family，The rulers of the dynasty not only successfully stabilized the domestic political situation，and achieved a major victory of foreign wars。

Next，Strengthen the construction of military strength，Enhanced combat power。From the overall perspective，The Empire Army's troops during the period of the Kimonian dynasty recovered and enhanced during this period。At the beginning of the landing of Alekovas I，Calling a army to resist the invasion of Nunman and Pacin Niger is very difficult。It took him nearly 20 years to establish a new army，To the end of its rule，He can lead a huge army with combat effectiveness to attack the Celasti Turk and force him to sign a peace treaty。During the rule of his heirs John II and Manuel I，The Army of the Empire is enough to defeat the Crusaders led by Constantinople。Although the source of the army has never formed a single sex，There are a large number of domestic and foreign mercenaries and alliance forces with a large number of complicated ingredients，but from Serez、Macedonian and Saisali ’s domestic soldiers are also important forces worth relying on。The combat effectiveness of the army has greatly improved compared to the troops at the end of the 11th century，A series of victories achieved by foreign war is enough to prove this。

　　 　　Adopt a positive defense military strategy 

During the rule of Alekkus I，Just passively cope with continuous continuous foreign enemy invasion，The weak military power forces him to only choose to use money to buy peace，And carefully avoid any excuses to give foreign people invasion。Especially in the early stage of his rule，Even if the war cannot be avoided，He also tried his best to reach a reconciliation with the enemy，Maintain peace，The characteristics of defensiveness are presented as a whole。In this case，Alekkukus I still decisively Bet365 lotto review defeated the invasion of the Bargan nomadic people such as the Pacin Niger and the Kurman people，regained the coastal plain area of ​​the western part of Xiaoya。His heirs John II based on this，Although the defense strategy is basically adopted in Europe，But completely defeated the Pacin Niger，Forced Serbian and Hungarians to recognize the sovereignty of the Empire again，Consolidated the Danube River Defense Line and Balans Border，In the small Asian region, a military conquest that directly attacks is adopted，Maintaining the balance of the Anatolia Plateau。During the rule of Manuel I，The empire continues to launch war on the neighboring countries on the east and west.，Revisiting the Budman people、Invasion of Serbian and Hungarians，Subconscious Anto、Jerusalem and other Crusaders' Principality，Expedition Ankek、Rom Sudan and Egypt，Reborn the territory of the Empire in the Balkans and the East China Sea region。

The rule mode of the Kemuning Dynasty，Make the extraction and distribution of national political and economic resources in accordance with the way that is most conducive to policies in the country，enable the authority of the ruler to be re -established，Stabilized the national political situation，Bring Byzantine's century prosperity。but，This model itself has internal disadvantages that are difficult to overcome，It maintains a power of power with governing the country as the core of rule，He must not only ensure that the imperial power is successfully realized inheritance，Competitors who can soothe the imperial power，Make it a strong dominant power for the country。The last powerful rulers of the Kimon dynasty, Manuel I died，The Empire was immediately caught in civil strife and moved towards severe recession，This point is explained。More importantly，The Imperial Revolution under the rule of the Kimuen Dynasty can no longer say the same day as the previous Bet365 lotto review Empire，The internal resources of the country have been seriously consumed，The disintegration of the military region system that the country's strength depends on the military region system in the past few centuries caused the original recruitment system and military defense system based on the liberal farmers and soldiers.。This makes the century -old rejuvenation ruled by the Kimonin dynasty finally became the backlight of the Byzantine Empire from the prosperity，Failure to stop it from the road of decline。

　　(The author is a professor at the Department of Political Work of the Armed Police Command School)