Governing from Confucius’ “Rites”、Socrates’ “Knowledge is Virtue”、The beginning of Plato’s “Philosopher King” thought,Human beings have been exploring the fundamental demands of political philosophy。Until Aristotle advocated "city-state bet365 ohio promo code",For the first time, it emphasized the close connection between social and political systems and a better bet365 ohio promo code,Examine and demonstrate a good bet365 ohio promo code and a certain social order、The survival of social systems is intrinsically related。In Aristotle’s view,The greatest good of the existence of a country is a city-state,It is to put the people’s “happiness” and “excellent bet365 ohio promo code” first,The ultimate purpose of this philosophy is to find a good city-state system,The exploration of what an ideal society is and the efforts to construct an ideal society have become philosophical pursuits that go hand in hand with the survival and development of mankind。To this point,The central issue of classical political philosophy is how to answer the important question of what is a good bet365 ohio promo code。Along with humanity itself、Rational thinking or empirical examination of the country,People’s thoughts on a better bet365 ohio promo code、The construction and pursuit are also deepening。Moore's "Utopia" puts the good bet365 ohio promo code on top of the social system of public ownership,Clearly put forward that a good social system is an important foundation for building a good bet365 ohio promo code,From ownership of means of production、Distribution system、Concrete elements of political bet365 ohio promo code such as democratic participation make the relationship between a good bet365 ohio promo code and political philosophy clearer。With the development of scientific socialism and modern Western political philosophy,Two completely different routes have emerged for the construction of a better bet365 ohio promo code。One is the line of modern Western political science,The other is the path of scientific socialism proposed by Marx and Engels。Due to different political and philosophical lines,Human beings have two completely different ways of constructing a better bet365 ohio promo code。
Political Modernity and a Better bet365 ohio promo code
The crisis of modernity is undoubtedly a by-product of the development of modern political philosophy。The classical political philosophy initiated by Aristotle reconciled with religious theology in the Middle Ages,Humanity’s long-standing exploration of a better bet365 ohio promo code based on political philosophy has broken down。The themes of philosophy and law were replaced by those of reason and faith。Political philosophy has entered the quagmire of politics under the realist political theorist Machiavelli,Become a vanity fair that plays politics。The political issue becomes a purely technical issue,Human is no longer an animal with good intentions,This opened the curtain of modern Western political philosophy。The exploration of issues of political order has been reduced to an obsession with issues of individual belief。
The appearance of a good bet365 ohio promo code presented to the public is nothing more than the natural state of pure private primitive desires that are not governed by the state,Temperance is replaced by moral indulgence and decadence,The moral and political crisis of modernity has begun to become a nightmare entangled in public bet365 ohio promo code。Obviously,In this bet365 ohio promo code,Politics and Philosophy、The gap between politics and religion is becoming increasingly prominent,The instrumental aspect of politics forces politics to break away from the real bet365 ohio promo code field,The good bet365 ohio promo code has also withdrawn from the political stage。Philosophy becomes a stepping stone and commentary for politics,Belief in instrumental rationality crowds out ethics、Morality、Beautiful。Even if some people try to make up for it with "rights politics" and "public welfare politics",But the instrumental attributes that adhere to and penetrate into the marrow of modern Western political philosophy are still present。Postmodernism advocates decentralization、Dissolving the Essence,Highlight the differences,The pursuit of absolute "pluralism",It pushed Western political philosophy into the abyss of anarchism。This makes it easy to understand Nietzsche、Foucault and others shouted "God is dead" and "man is dead",Alert people to think about the long-lost philosophical proposition "What is philosophy?",And the relationship between politics and philosophy。Strauss starts from the judgment that politics and religion are the basic contents or "original facts" of human existence and development,Issuing a declaration that reflecting on what is a bet365 ohio promo code worth living is the basic task of philosophy。In his opinion,Current political philosophy focuses on specific political solutions、Inspection of strategies,It is inevitably the opposite of classical political philosophy that pursues the concept of a better bet365 ohio promo code。
Therefore,Facing the many consequences of modern political philosophy,Human society must return to the central issue of exploring a better bet365 ohio promo code in classical political philosophy。Whether it is back to Socrates or Aristotle,Dispelling the negative effects of modern Western political philosophy is the common original intention of their choice。The return to classical political philosophy seems to be the salvation of modern political philosophy by Western scholars、The only way to save the crisis of the modern West。But if the theoretical basis of natural human nature is not changed、Theoretical basis of historicism and non-ontological theoretical stance,No to get permanent、The standard of universal good bet365 ohio promo code and scientific and comprehensive social knowledge,Any regression will never have coordinates,How to talk about the construction of a better bet365 ohio promo code。
The scientific socialist plan for a better bet365 ohio promo code
The publication of the "Communist Manifesto" in 1848 marked the birth of scientific socialism。The emergence of scientific socialism based on the two great discoveries of historical materialism and the law of surplus value,It also means that the construction of a better bet365 ohio promo code is linked to the scientific social system for the first time,The realization of a better human bet365 ohio promo code is truly possible and realistic。From a macro perspective,Historical materialism establishes a method for scientifically interpreting the laws of development of human society,Establishes the path to realize a better bet365 ohio promo code for mankind、Theoretical basis and final destination。From a micro perspective,The theory of surplus value provides a specific reference for mankind to examine the crisis of modernity and plan for the future。Criticizing currencies one by one、Product、After capital and other key elements of capitalist production,Marx profoundly exposed the ruthless tearing of human society by the capitalist mode of production and his comprehensive interpretation of the meaning of bet365 ohio promo code,Marx stood from the philosophical perspective of a historical topic to show the magic of the logical laws of capital。The contradiction between the alienation of capital logic and human beings’ pursuit of a better bet365 ohio promo code is vividly exposed to the public,Profoundly reveals the nature of modern bet365 ohio promo code。Eternal、The natural and harmonious side obscures the transitional side、Historical、The opposite side。Of course,The eternal "rationality" of Western political philosophy thinkers was replaced by Marx with a new "rationality" - the law of social development - historical materialism,Thus obtaining the "ideal" form of "universal history" in the philosophical sense。
The better bet365 ohio promo code of mankind has gradually become a reality under the guidance of scientific socialism,The fundamental reason lies in the theoretical observation of historical materialism as the "eternal universal law of history"。This shows,The question of what is a good society is precisely the fundamental issue that Marx is concerned about。Because of this,Marx declared to the world: Capitalism is bound to perish,Socialism is bound to win。Can be found from theoretical strategies,Marx gradually moved from his initial prediction of revolution within individual capitalist countries and revolutions within or among all countries to a deep concern for worker alienation。This is a philosophical concern,That is to say, from the simple political concern in the past to a political philosophical concern。So,Marx’s scientific socialism or political philosophy contains the concept of individual survival、Great concern and construction of a better bet365 ohio promo code。In Marx’s later combing of economic and historical materials,Studying the crisis of modernity from the perspective of commodities,It is his philosophical answer to history that he relies on,Ultimately, it is to realize the vision of a beautiful social bet365 ohio promo code of free association of human beings。It can be seen from this,Marx’s pursuit of universal bet365 ohio promo code principles that transcend history from beginning to end,Indicates his continuation of the unfinished business of political philosophy in different perspectives and on different foundations。It is in the constant pursuit of a lasting and universal picture of a better bet365 ohio promo code,And in the constant criticism of one’s own bet365 ohio promo code and practice,Marx pursued a better bet365 ohio promo code from the examination of the contradictory movements of productive forces and production relations,Then we come to the scientific conclusion of "two inevitabilities"。Accordingly,Scientific socialism shows people such a picture: mankind is bound to overthrow the capitalist system、The pursuit of a better bet365 ohio promo code is constantly realized in the proletarian revolution and the construction of the socialist system。Criticism of the political philosophy of scientific socialism through its political economic dimension,Realized the prerequisite criticism of political modernity,It not only cuts to the root of the shortcomings of modernity,And plan a historical picture of a better bet365 ohio promo code from a principled level。
Good bet365 ohio promo code and socialism with Chinese characteristics
Along the road of scientific socialism,There are twists and turns and there are successes,However, the socialist system construction has fully demonstrated to the world its convincing ability and charm to meet the people’s demands for a better bet365 ohio promo code。In the process,The success of the Russian October Revolution established a system for mankind to explore a better bet365 ohio promo code for the first time、Directional leadership。Of course,Reality also shows that the institutional foundation for the pursuit of a better bet365 ohio promo code is not established overnight and modeled to achieve success,The socialist practice of the Soviet Union provides the best footnote for this。The reason why socialism with Chinese characteristics has embarked on a unique and successful path of development,From the perspective of political philosophy,Innovating the socialist system and reshaping the socialist system are the fundamental reasons。The institutional innovation of socialism with Chinese characteristics initiated by reform and opening up has enabled China to embark on a path with Chinese characteristics、A development path of world significance。There are many factors driving this change,But remember the mission,Don’t forget the original intention of “meeting the people’s needs for a better bet365 ohio promo code”,is the most important、The most fundamental reason。Persist in working hard to create a better bet365 ohio promo code,It is the political goal and lifelong pursuit of the Chinese Communists to put forward staged goals for a better bet365 ohio promo code in different periods and lead the people to make unremitting efforts for them。
Achieving a “stand up” bet365 ohio promo code state from Mao Zedong,Making the realization of a better bet365 ohio promo code possible,The living conditions of “getting rich” after the reform and opening up,Building a solid material foundation for the realization of a better bet365 ohio promo code,The state of bet365 ohio promo code that moves towards "becoming stronger" in the new era,Enable the realization of a better bet365 ohio promo code to expand from a single dimension to a multi-dimensional one,Highlighting a better bet365 ohio promo code and higher quality、Wider areas、More comprehensive demands of the times。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,“Good bet365 ohio promo code” has become the party’s guideline for struggle,Appeared as many as 14 times in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,has become the core conceptual category of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era。Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era clarifies that the Communist Party of China will always regard the people’s yearning for a better bet365 ohio promo code as its goal,This is the governing philosophy and value demands of the Communist Party of China。Seeking happiness for the Chinese people、Strive for the cause of human progress,Promote the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind,In the great historical practice of jointly creating a better future for mankind,Highlight the world sentiment and political wisdom of the Communist Party of China。
In terms of human survival and development,The history of mankind is to constantly build a vision of a better bet365 ohio promo code、Historical activities and processes that achieve a better bet365 ohio promo code and continuously improve the quality of one’s bet365 ohio promo code。Scientific socialism points out the direction for building a better bet365 ohio promo code for mankind,We still need to explore the specific path ourselves。We believe,As long as we follow the historical solution of scientific socialism、Eternal and universal principles of a good bet365 ohio promo code,Continuously work hard in your own bet365 ohio promo code and practice,And good at listening to the voice of the times,Dare to stick to the truth、Fix bug,Roll up your sleeves and work harder,Do one thing after another,Do it year after year,Continuously contribute to "better meet the people's growing needs for a better bet365 ohio promo code",A better bet365 ohio promo code will definitely turn from a dream into a reality。
(This article is a result of funding bet365 ohio promo code Collaborative Innovation Center for Theoretical Research on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in Beijing Universities (Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Marxism in China in the 21st Century, Renmin University of China))
(Author’s unit: School of Marxism, Renmin University of bet365 ohio promo code)
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