In the view of Marx and Engels,Individuals with regional existence can only integrate into the world pattern of universal communication,Only as an individual with a historical presence in the world can we directly establish rich connections with bet365 kentucky bonus code。
Today’s world is an “integrated world” with universal communication。With the continuous deepening and expansion of human interaction,Marx’s scientific prediction that “history becomes bet365 kentucky bonus code” has been confirmed by today’s “integrated world”。The scientific "bet365 kentucky bonus code" thought as the basic principle of Marxism has also moved from the hidden behind the scenes to the front stage,It has increasingly become an important theoretical issue that has attracted much attention。The category of "bet365 kentucky bonus code" has multiple connotations in the context of Marx and Engels' texts,We need to clarify their logical levels and their internal relationships,In order to more accurately grasp the theoretical essence and practical significance of Marx's "bet365 kentucky bonus code" category as an ideological form。
"World historical significance" compared to "regional significance"。The founder of Marxism once compared locality、Use the "bet365 kentucky bonus code" category at the regional or national level。In the article "The State of Britain",Engels believed that all ethnic groups on the European continent faced the reality of poverty and social oppression,But they did not have a positive impact on the development of the nation,And "the poverty and misery of the working class in modern Britain has national significance,Even of world historical significance”。In Engels’ view,Different from the hierarchical poverty in history,The poverty of British workers is caused by modern large-scale industrial production through which the bourgeoisie rules the world,It can be said,The poverty of the working class has to some extent contributed to the myth that the "sun never sets" on the British Empire。
In "The German Ideology" Marx and Engels elaborated on the fate of Hegel's philosophical system facing disintegration in Germany,Those who “make philosophy their profession” and “live by operating the absolute spirit” have fierce competition with each other for philosophical discourse,And this struggle "has been touted and conceived as a transformation of bet365 kentucky bonus code-historical significance,A factor that has produced very significant results and achievements”。The German intellectual circles at that time "raised these humble trivial matters to the sky",They "wanted to use such trivial explanations to make discoveries of bet365 kentucky bonus code-historical significance"。Actually,Hegel’s philosophical system is disintegrating,Produces only minimal suspicion or concern among the German nation,And this “has only regional significance for Germany”。Marx and Engels used “bet365 kentucky bonus code historical significance” at the level corresponding to “regional significance” or “national significance”,They used this to make an objective evaluation of the ideological criticism or philosophical criticism that was widely popular in Germany at that time and its significance,In fact, they are also completely liquidating their past idealist concepts about "philosophizing the bet365 kentucky bonus code and also cosmopolitanizing philosophy"。
"bet365 kentucky bonus code" Born in Human Labor。Marx and Engels once used the concept of "bet365 kentucky bonus code" in the historical philosophy of "universal history",The connotation is equivalent to "all history", "the whole world" and "human history"。How the entire history of mankind was born?This is an important question that many philosophers have long asked and tried to answer。In Hegel,"Whole history" and "bet365 kentucky bonus code" are synonymous,They are just the processes by which the "universal spirit" realizes itself in the movement of contradictions。As the Hegelian system disintegrates,Feuerbach holds high the banner of materialism,Swearing that German classical philosophy is coming to the end of history。Marx believed in the "Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844",“History itself is a realistic part of natural history,That is, a realistic part of the process of nature becoming human beings”。Therefore,Marx further pointed out,“The entire so-called bet365 kentucky bonus code is nothing more than the process of human beings being born through human labor,It is the generation process of nature for humans"。The scientific conclusion that human beings create the entire "bet365 kentucky bonus code" through labor,Indicates that Marx has surpassed Feuerbach's "perceptual intuition" way of thinking,The scientific practice view leading to "perceptual activities"。Marx’s scientific assertion that “labor creates bet365 kentucky bonus code” has actually surpassed Feuerbach’s “perceptual intuition” materialism,Because Marx has regarded the form of labor itself as a development process of historical evolution。Regional manual labor in the pre-capitalist era created “discrete bet365 kentucky bonus code”,The socialized machine mass production of capitalism has created “alienated bet365 kentucky bonus code”,Only through the "autonomous activities" of communism can we create a truly "bet365 kentucky bonus code of universal freedom"。Marx examines "bet365 kentucky bonus code" as the entire historical generation process of mankind from the perspective of combining naturalism and labor history,This is a key link for Marx to move towards a materialist view of bet365 kentucky bonus code。
"bet365 kentucky bonus code" as a Universal Communication of Ideological Forms。As an ideological form, the category of "bet365 kentucky bonus code" mainly refers to the process of transformation from national history to bet365 kentucky bonus code,That is, the transformation process from the original closed regional communication to the open and interconnected global communication,The discrete world is gradually connected into an organically linked whole。Marx clearly pointed out,“The scope of activities that interact with each other is expanding in this development process,The original closed state of various ethnic groups is due to the increasingly perfect production methods、The more completely the exchanges and the division of labor between different ethnic groups that are naturally formed due to exchanges are eliminated,History becomes bet365 kentucky bonus code”。Marx’s classic statement about “history becomes bet365 kentucky bonus code”,It is a scientific conclusion based on a thorough materialist stance and a scientific view of practice。
In Marx’s view,Only large-scale machine industry can quickly eliminate "the insular state that has naturally formed in various countries in the past",In order to make every civilized nation dependent on the entire world for the satisfaction of its needs,In this sense,Big industry "created bet365 kentucky bonus code for the first time"。This marks that the specific reference of Marx's concept of "bet365 kentucky bonus code" has shifted from the abstract "universal history", "all history", "whole history" or "the whole world" of mankind to "world interaction" or "world communication" with the characteristics of the capitalist era. "General communication"。In the view of Marx and Engels,Individuals with regional existence can only integrate into the world pattern of universal communication,Only as an individual with a historical presence in the world can we directly establish rich connections with bet365 kentucky bonus code。Marx and Engels also pointed out,“Only when intercourse becomes world intercourse and is based on large industry,Only when all nations are involved in competitive struggles,Maintaining the productivity that has been created is guaranteed”。Visible,In their place,“History becomes bet365 kentucky bonus code” and “interaction becomes world intercourse” are actually synonyms,They essentially express the same content,They all take the development of large industry as a realistic premise。
We need to see,Although Marx’s “bet365 kentucky bonus code” category as an ideological form is not “bet365 kentucky bonus code” in the historiographic sense,It is not "universal history" in the sense of general historical philosophy,But the two undoubtedly participated in the process of elaboration and sublimation of the "bet365 kentucky bonus code" category as an ideological form。If Marx and Engels did not possess a large amount of "bet365 kentucky bonus code" materials compiled on national histories,Especially not possessing the rich “social history” data of Britain,It is impossible for them to establish scientific principles to explain the actual historical process "from a standpoint other than Germany",The argumentation process of "history transforms into bet365 kentucky bonus code" and "communication becomes world communication" will lack sufficient "empirical facts" as empirical support,Marx’s “bet365 kentucky bonus code” thought cannot be sublimated from the level of historical philosophy and empirical science to the level of historical science。
As an ideological form, the category of Marx’s “bet365 kentucky bonus code” mainly refers to the modern large-scale capitalist industry that promotes human beings to move from closed and discrete regional exchanges to open and interconnected universal exchanges,Change the living conditions of various ethnic groups、Class structure、Development path、Major changes in the order of time and space are inevitable。Marx once said,“bet365 kentucky bonus code does not always exist in the past”,“History as bet365 kentucky bonus code is the result”。Visible,Marx's "bet365 kentucky bonus code" thought is about the "historical facts" and "development process" of closed national history or discrete regional history turning into universal communication bet365 kentucky bonus code。In the "development process" of this "historical fact",The production mode controlled by the logic of capital gradually connects the relatively closed and discrete nations of the world into an organically linked whole,The activities of “real people” and their communities expanded into world-historic activities,More and more dominated by the communication order of the capitalist world market。On this basis, Marx and Engels exploratoryly answered major issues of the times such as “Where should mankind go?” “What kind of beautiful world should mankind build?” “How should mankind build a beautiful world?”。The universal exchanges in the world established by the bourgeoisie in free competition is a great revolution,Or,“History becomes bet365 kentucky bonus code” and “interactions become world exchanges” is a great revolution with epoch-making significance,But this great revolution is another "unfinished business",The bourgeoisie is just the "unconscious tool of history" in promoting this great revolution,Only the modern proletariat can undertake the historical mission of rebuilding the order of world communication。
What needs to be pointed out is,The theoretical connotation of Marx’s “bet365 kentucky bonus code” category does not logically evolve in a straight line,They are used mixedly in many works of Marx and Engels,This requires us to conduct in-depth reading according to the specific text context,Only in this way can we deeply understand the rich connotation and internal correlation of Marx's "bet365 kentucky bonus code" category as an ideological form,Strive to achieve the internal unity of academic interpretation and text logic。
(Author’s affiliation: School of bet365 kentucky bonus code, Renmin University of China、Institute for Studying Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, Renmin University of China)
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