The discussion of the essence of Marx's new materialism in the academic community，Although it has important academic value，But there are abstract concepts or principles of the traditional tradition of knowledge theory，Easy to ignore the relationship between the survival situation of Marx's concern and its social history。The reason why new materialism shows "perceptual practice"，It is because people (workers) create history as the subject，But the main status of workers in social history is missing，Workers need to re -occupy the historical subject position，This is the liberation logic of new materialism。This liberation logic, regardless of the value care of the "liberation of people" of new materialism，Still as the objective conditions of liberation and historical logic of reality support，Both have great theoretical and practical significance。

　bet365 live casino games Dialectical unified relationships of affected

The dialectical unified relationship of the ability of "perceptual people"，Not only does the basis of all other conscious forms that constitute an adult，Prerequisite for the social history of an adult。

Old materialism or idealism，Either from the purely comfortable object (before Ferbaha) or the theoretical intuitive person and the world (Ferbaha)，Either starting from the abstract spiritual motivation of abstract spiritual and non -object，Both obviously ignore the perceptual reality and objective dimension of the subject。Therefore，Great thinkers like Hegel, although correctly understanding labor as a person's self -generated action，Understand the relationship between people as their own relationship，Understand the realization of the existence of the alien as the realization of the same thing as the consciousness and life life of the generation。But because the labor in the conceptual theory is just abstract spiritual bet365 best casino games labor，So the action of the person they understand is only "abstract、The essence of thinking，Self -consciousness "。

In this sense，New materialism is the "truth that combines" of the sensibility of old materialism with the initiative of idealism。On the one hand，It emphasizes human as nature、Body、Sensory、Objective existence，Is "active、The restricted and restricted existence "。On the other hand，It emphasizes that it is because of this objective that "the existence of a life premise" for us because of this objective "、Energy and creativity、Activities of sensible people。

The view of the activity of the perceptual reality of the perceptual reality with this kind of motion and movement，Not consciousness determines life，Instead, life determines consciousness。Religious、Concept、Self -consciousness and other ideas are produced from the historical process of people's lives，Is the latter's reflection。Only the fantasy and fantasy of the termination of the old philosophy and "empty talk about consciousness"，can we understand "people's practical activities and actual development processes"，Understand history。This is the history of the workers through the perceptual activities of the generations of generations，The historical reality of the specific era constitutes the "certain material、The boundary that is not dominated by them、Prerequisite and Conditions "。

　"Senior person" activityspontaneous features

The spontaneous feature of the activity of the "perceptual" activity，It is also a realistic basis for separation of ruler and workers，Therefore, in previous social relations，The laborer class appears with the historical role of the ruling class。Some people in different society always act as "free people", "clergy", "nobles", "educator", "enlightenment" of "free people", "clergy", "nobles", "educator", Class such as the rulers。But，Material History Views based on the activity based on "emotional people"，This kind of social reality self -division and self -contradiction，and the further social history "Make yourself separate from yourself，and the characteristics of the Bet365 app download characteristics of a unique kingdom in the clouds "occurred，It is due to the spontaneous characteristics of the activity of the "emotional person" itself，that is with the development of history，Self -evolution of material labor or "naturally" form talent (such as physical strength)、Need to、Occascia and other differences，The separation of material labor and mental labor is caused，From this start，Some people do not have to engage in heavy material labor and specifically carry out spiritual labor。

The spiritual worker among the ruler "" You can imagine something realistic without imagining something realistic "，Consciousness is beyond "perceptual activity"、Get rid of the real world to construct "pure theory、Theology、Philosophy、Morality, etc. "Ultra History Truth System。This separation of spontaneity，In terms of labor activities，The spiritual activity reflected as the rule of the ruler、Enjoy and consume and represent the material activity representing the people、contradictions between being moved and production; in terms of labor results，It is reflected in the amount of inequality of the amount of labor and its products based on the volume of labor and its products.。

So far，The interests of a single person and the common interests of all interaction individuals (the interdependence relationship between the individuals of division of labor) occurs。To solve this contradiction，The established society can only give the real interests of the ruling class with the universal independence form of "morality" or "justice" (rather than representing the real interests of the ruling class of the ruling class of the worker)，This independence form can only be illusory because it is separated from the actual single interests and all interests.，Here，The ruling class rules all other classes in the name of false names。Therefore Marx pointed out，Whether it is a democratic government、Noble politics is still monarchy，All struggles within the country are just "unrealities" that embrace the ruling class and leave the people and their interests。

Obviously，These illusions bet365 live casino games forms that embody the contradiction between the ruler and the workers，is the vivid portrayal of previous social relations，and Marx's essence of social relations，The destruction of the illusion of the "essence of people" is associated with。Old philosophy is accustomed to rationality、Concept、Religious、Freedom or other common things is deemed to be the inherent "non -history" priority，Marx's tit -titter pointed out relatively，The essence of a person is historic，Because of the essence of "making", social relations are also historic。History process when departing from reality，A solidification of a certain set of social relations、Understanding of death，will cause double "non -historical" and "non -critical" -not only alienation with the interests of the workers、The established social relationship with relatively resistance is eternal and rationalized，and derived a certain deceptive "human essence" illusion。This is why the Asian characteristics characterized by the level system、Parent -based、Classical ancient or feudal social relations (ownership forms) strongly emphasize the quality of people's "loyalty"，The deep reasons for the "independence" and "freedom" of the capitalist society with the self -proliferation of capital as the only purpose。Therefore，We may not be able to conclude that "the sum of social relations" is the "definition" of Marx's essence of people。Because it is defined as the concept of "super history" (eternal truth) stands，In turn they regard themselves as a standardized foundation for historical reality and even Creator。This is the traditional way of thinking of the traditional metaphysicalism，Instead of social history that describes people's activities to build historic materialism, Marxic philosophy of historical materialism。

Obviously these conditions are used as a established form of ownership or social relationship，It has not confirmed the main position of the worker，Instead, the freedom of the ruling class deprived of labor is confirmed，"Personal bet365 live casino games freedom is just existence for those who develop within the ruling class，The reason why they have personal freedom，It's just because they are the individual of this class "。On the contrary，The working class is in a variety of non -free non -liberating state.，The "general individual" controlled by the common relationship restricted by the common interests of a certain class，It belongs to these social relations。Social relationships exist as "the power of things" that independent of the individual and rule the individual，Therefore, for the working class，The change of these relationships constitutes various forms of 桎梏，This new form of 桎梏，That is the capital and bourgeoisie。

　The proletariat realizes human liberationHistorical Mission

The proletariat got away from the special demands that ruled others through the context of the past because of their historical situation，Then in its dual historical mission with capital，Composition to promote the advancement of world history、The main force to realize human liberation。

With the emergence of a new social relationship of capital and bourgeoisie，As the people of the workers，The role of a proletariat appeared on the historical stage。The proletariat appeared in the universal historical situation of "deconstruction"，In this class，The logic that does not touch the interests of the ruling class has become a kind of empty talk。First of all, its universal non -liberating historical situation lies in，It is "non -civic and social class civic and social class"，Is "the level of all levels of disintegration"，It "Field that has a universal nature due to its general suffering"。So，It does not destroy all slave system，Any kind of slavery system cannot be destroyed。It does not fundamentally revolutionary，It is impossible to complete any revolution。Therefore，The proletariat got rid of the right to teach in the past because of his own historical situation、Huangquan、Monk、Noble、The bourgeoisie, etc., ruled the special demands of others through the contest of ruling consciousness，bet365 Play online games Its only historical appeal is to fundamentally liberate all mankind to liberate themselves，"Liberation from all other social areas to liberate all other social fields。As a result, the proletariat shoulder the advancement of the world's history、Decisive power to realize human liberation。

But，Only the opposite of "proletariaries and production" is placed in "opposition between labor and capital"，We can understand the contradictions between the two and its world historical significance in the process of promoting people。Driven by the nature of capital，Labor is constantly developing the productive forces that dominate them，Until the latter grows to the historic dominance of the world，There is also the world's historic universal communication at the same time。Results，On the one hand，"The phenomenon of‘ the masses without property ’in all nations at the same time” (universal competition)，Makes every nation depend on the change of other nations、This transitions "market" to "world market" into experience facts，Each member of the proletariat is therefore dominated by the increasingly expanded alien forces、deterrence and control。On the other hand，The "regional individuals" existing in the isolated place and the narrow boundaries used to be in the past，Today, it has become increasingly becoming "the existence of people who are directly linked to the history of the world" and "the historical existence of each person"。

The proletariat shoulder the historic mission of the world with the objective conditions of the proletariat: break the boundary of the capital itself，"Free Personality" of Tongda Human Liberation。In this case，The mission of capital is completed，On the one hand，"Production based on exchange value will collapse，Direct material production process itself has got rid of the form of poverty and opposition。Personality is free to develop，... At that time，Adapt to this，Because of the time and creation of all people，Individuals will be art、Science and other aspects of development "。On the other hand，Forms Bet365 app download of wealth and abilities will throw off the prerequisite for its capital，Wealth will become "the personal needs of individuals generated in universal exchange、talent、Enjoy、Productivity and so on "，Become "the absolute play of human creative talent"，and "this play，There is no other premise except the previous historical development，The previous historical development has made this comprehensive development，... the purpose itself。Here，People are not reproduced themselves in a certain specified，Instead of producing his comprehensiveness "。

(This article is the "UNPYSCT-2016172) phase results)

(Author Unit: School of Philosophy of Heilongjiang University)