Civilized issues have always been issues that have attracted much attention in the history of thought，Different thinkers have their own unique insights on civilization。From Marx's view，People’s practice is the basis of analyzing civilization，The development of people is the scale of evaluation of civilization，To achieve human liberation is the ideal pursuit of communist civilization，These three together constitute the three basic dimensions of the Marx civilization view。

　　bet365 live casino games Analysis of the foundation of civilization

Research on Western civilization in modern times is deeply influenced by the trend of enlightenment，strive to break the ideological imprisonment of religious theology since the Middle Ages，Highlight the attention of people itself，Standing from the perspective of people instead of God's perspective, examine human society，Confirm that human society moves from naturally obscure to civilized openness, it is realized by relying on human rational forces，Modern society is a civilized society that is inherently in the spirit of rationality。This research tradition has continued until Marx's era，and derived the special research direction，History research represented by Kizo，Anthropology research represented by Morgan，etc.。These studies refute the theological history view，advocates the main position of the person in the development of civilization，It has an irreplaceable progress significance。But，While emphasizing the subjectivity of people，But in a metaphysical way of thinking, "people" summarize "people" as all "common abstraction"，Starting from the "abstract person" to grasp civilization。So，Research on people becomes the idea of ​​people、Research on the internal nature and self -desire，Searching for human civilization will inevitably be trapped Bet365 lotto review in the mud of idealism，Civilization is considered a product of human thoughts，Progress of civilization is regarded as the progress of human thought and the satisfaction of self -desire。

The logic of the "abstract person" logic in the road，Marx is an analysis civilization based on the existence of human ontology, that is, "production material life itself"，Place the study of civilization within the scientific category of human practice。As Engels said，"Civilization is practice，It is the quality of society "，In the final analysis, civilization is a practical creator of people in various specific social relations。

Practice is the endogenous power of the development of civilization。From Marx's view，The fundamental impact on the development of civilization is the practice of material production。Driven by the development of productivity and the driver of the internal social contradiction，The development of the entire society is the process of "self -discarding" that has dialectical negative，This process is the process of continuous progress in human society。The development of productivity adds vitality to the prosperity of civilization、Injecting power，Created the necessary material basis，The final decision force of the development of civilization。Of course，Affirmation of the overall progress trend of the development of human society，It does not mean that the development process of human society will be a straight line。In fact，This process is full of twists and turns or stagnation、The process of frustration or even backward factors，But the historical trend of the continuous progress of human society will not change，This also means that civilization will also draw endless motivation in the continuous development of production practice。

Practical activities shape the characteristics of the generated civilization。Marx regards practice as a kind of "conscious life activity" that characterizes "human class characteristics"。People shaped the external bet365 live casino games world with themselves as the scale in the practical activity of transforming the world，Make the object of the object converted towards the aesthetics of people and the need for people's aesthetics and needed directions，The essential force of a person is vividly interpreted，Create a brilliant and rich civilized achievement。That's why，Civilization from the generation to development is rooted in human practice，The unique internal quality of the generation of civilization was tempered。First，Civilization is the category of practice。Civilization is the result of human practice，Without human practice, there is no so -called human civilization。Next，Civilization is the historical category。Human practice is continuous development，Civilization will also follow practice and continue to develop。Last，Civilization is a social category。Civilization is the sum of wealth created by human spiritual power and productivity，It is a significant identification of the development and progress of human society。

　　The development of people: evaluate the scale of civilization

Well -known，Critical criticism of capitalism is the core issue of Marx's ideological theory，Capitalist civilization as a modern civilization form based on capitalist production methods，The development of a person in this civilization form constitutes the focus of the research of Marx civilization。

Marx affirmed the "civilized face" of capitalism。Capitalism creates unprecedented huge productive forces，"More productive forces created in all generations in the past，More big "，Historical progress that exceeds all the previous civilization forms。From Marx's view，The great civilization of capital is "it creates such a social stage，Compared with this social stage，All previous social stages are only manifested as human local development and worshiping nature "。Capitalist civilization has made important contributions to promoting the development of people，greatly shows Bet365 app download human meaning and value。First，Capitalism liberate people in the world from isolated from each other，ending the original "condition that the retreat to the existing needs and repeat the old lifestyle"，Getting the world into integration，Change the way of human communication，Greed up the scope of human communication，enriched the connotation of the person itself。Next，Capitalism with advanced science and technology and developed social production，Breaking the state of human passive dependence on nature in the past，Makes people no longer falling under natural feet，"Make nature (whether it is a consumer product，Still as a means of production) Obief the needs of people "。Last，Capitalist civilization created free time for workers，It has expanded space for people to pursue its own development，Cultivated people's social attributes，helps give birth to new social factors。

Marx criticized the capitalist "anti -civilized face"。Although the development of capitalism brings many favorable conditions，But all this is just a false "civilized expression"。The fundamental disadvantage of capitalist civilization is: "All the progress of civilization，or in other words，Social productive forces (can also be said to be productive for labor itself) ... Nothing will make workers get rich，will only make the capitalist get rich。"Capitalist civilization is a modern civilization form with" capital "as its main body，Capital is the control force of the development of civilization，This is doomed to all the achievements of the development of civilization. In the end, it is used to sacrifice capital proliferation。First，The core logic of capital is infinitely "proliferating itself，Create the remaining value "，To achieve this goal must be continuously "sucking work", that is, the exploitation and crushing of workers，This is undoubtedly a price at the cost of harming people and the development of strangling people，"Civilization of Sin Founded Bet365 app download on the Labor Slave"。Next，Machine industries that rise with capitalist civilization，While releasing huge production potential，It also degrades people into the "vassal" of the machine，People’s creative ability encountered distortions in the division of labor in mechanized society.，Finally, the comprehensive development of people is one -sided、Deforming and incomplete development。Last，Although capitalist civilization has changed the development of people in the previous capitalist period, the common body is bound，Given people independent development possibilities。But，Capitalism is essentially a civilized form of "based on the dependence of things"，Individuals have a certain degree of freedom at the time when they get rid of the "people's dependence relationship" in the past，but fell into the "dependence relationship between things"。The subjectivity of "things" is highlighted and publicized means the main character of the human body，People have been completely "taken away all the free activities of the body and spiritual and spiritual" and become a "thing" slave，The enthusiastic competing of capital wealth。This is here，People’s self -need、Power exhibition and personalized interpretation can only be prohibited in a narrow materialized form，People are the "victims" and "stepping stones" of capital profit profits，The value of the development of civilization。

　　People’s liberation: The ideal pursuit of communist civilization

"Marx research human civilization，The goal of its value pointing and pursuit is very clear，This is the comprehensive development of human liberation and human freedom。"In order to achieve human liberation，It must be relieved from the shackles of capitalism，Let people enjoy sufficient freedom。Based on this，People can get rid of labor slavery，Extension of extension and extension of higher levels of self -development space，Pay attention to the play of creative ability，Pursuing a mental level improvement，Cares the bet365 live casino games comprehensive and diverse civilized literacy in free and conscious practical activities。Only realized transitions from capitalism to communism civilization.，The goal of people's complete liberation and the pursuit of freedom and comprehensive development can truly achieve。

Personal development and the development of others are unified。"Everyone's free development is the condition of all people's free development" is a distinctive feature of the communist civilization stage。This means，The equal rights between members of society are fully guaranteed，The self -development of individuals no longer deprives others of development opportunities、Squeezing the development space of others is the price，The presentation of individual free personality and the performance of self -potential are finally to promote the development of others，This makes everyone's willingness to develop freely and comprehensively can get general respect and recognition from society。

Human labor and human development are unified。Communism as a civilized stage of the private ownership of production materials，Labor is no longer a way to make a living with compulsory properties，Individuals are no longer limited to fixed social division of labor，Labor skills required by capitalist production do not need to rigidly develop capitalist production，People can engage in labor that meets their own development needs。So one here，"Labor will become attractive labor，Become a personal self -implementation "，Personal ability will be comprehensive and enriched and improved in social labor。

The comprehensive development of people and the overall progress of society are unified。Communism is both a civilized stage for each person's intelligence and physical strength，It is also a civilized stage that everyone can fully play and potential，"Personal development and their common social production capacity becomes their social wealth"。On the one hand，The comprehensive development of people bet365 best casino games has greatly promoted the development of social production and the accumulation of social wealth，Condensing becomes a strong driving force for promoting the overall progress of society; on the other hand,，The comprehensive progress of society has also become a solid support for people's comprehensive development，The subjectivity of a person、Creativity and self -transcendence will be fully displayed。

(Author Unit: School of Philosophy and Social Development of Overseas Chinese University)