Today, with the rapid development of large-scale machine industry，How to penetrate the political nature of modern capitalism，bet365 withdrawal the task of the times proposed by the development of Marxist political philosophy。Machine industry has changed people’s production logic，Provides the most appropriate technical foundation for the capitalist mode of production，Thus changing people’s social relationships and spiritual concepts “from bottom up”，Reshaped the power rule of modern society。Construction of modern production technology in large machine industry，Making technology a completely modern science。Modern technology is not only the revelation of the basis of the basic movement of the social production process of large-scale machine industry，And make an overall argument for this basis。By revealing this principle，Technology also reveals the deep construction of bourgeois power relations in human material and spiritual production。

　　"Das Kapital" reveals the bet365 withdrawal of "interaction between man and nature"

In "Das Kapital"，Marx distinguished between the general connotation and the special connotation of craftsmanship，In terms of general connotation，bet365 withdrawal a revelation of the active relationship between man and nature, regardless of each specific social form，The direct production process is its core and primary research content，And then extend the production of human social life relationships and the production of human spiritual concepts，“Technology reveals man’s active relationship with nature，The direct production process of human life，Thus the direct production process of human social life relationships and the resulting spiritual concepts”。In terms of the special connotation of technology，It studies the direct production process in a specific historical period，As in the capitalist period，The production process is the unity of the direct production process and circulation process of capital，The direct production process of capital studied by modern technology is the capital labor process and value appreciation process that ignores the circulation process。Therefore，On the one hand，Modern technology studies the reshaping of the human labor process under the machine industry，That is, to examine each specific social form，General nature of research and production，Thus bet365 withdrawal the knowledge about the material transformation between man and nature。In this sense，“Political Economy is not Technology”，The history of technology is the history of the relationship between man and nature，bet365 withdrawal "the evolutionary history of labor shaping and ordering through animalization and objectification in tools"。On the other hand，Under the capitalist mode of production，The purpose of direct production is the production of surplus value，The labor process becomes subordinate to capital in both form and reality，“With the development of machine production，Labor conditions also appear as the power that governs labor in terms of craftsmanship”。

In Marx’s view，The reason why technology can reveal the dynamic relationship between man and nature，bet365 withdrawal that it firmly grasps the core issues and areas in the direct production process，That is, grasp the characteristics of labor materials and the use of labor materials。So it focuses on the issues of "how to produce" and "what means of labor are used to produce" in a specific period，The discussion of these issues in different periods is essentially asking what methods humans use to transform the history of social technology or the history of the formation of production organs，“Darwin noted the history of natural crafts，Notice how the organs of animals and plants, which are used as production tools in the lives of animals and plants, are formed。The history of the formation of social human production organs，That is, the history of the formation of the material basis of each special social organization，Isn’t it worthy of the same attention?？”

　　The modern logic of bet365 withdrawal-based industrial construction technology

From labor data，The machine system replaces the human organism with an objective production organism in the labor process，Completed the process of removing the human body。The full extent of the development of large-scale industry depends on the degree of dehumanization of machines，As the core element of the machine, the working machine first appears as a substitute for the human hand without physical limitations。The second is the replacement of the physical laws of the person who uses the tool with the mechanical laws that govern the working machine。The replacement of human body by machines is not the replacement of human labor ability，bet365 withdrawal the elimination of part of the labor in the labor process and the change of the labor process。Machine is still essentially a means of labor。Machines are tools for manipulating tools，bet365 withdrawal a moving tool，It replaces people and directly grabs labor objects，Creating isolation and strangeness between people and labor objects。A machine system is a combination of a series of different but complementary machine tools，bet365 withdrawal the machines that are connected，bet365 withdrawal the infinite possible intermediary between people and labor objects and tools。Machines are the links in the machine system，Therefore, bet365 withdrawal also alienated and strange between itself and people。The solution to the strangeness between people and labor materials and labor objects under the machine system is through the re-appropriation of labor products。

From the perspective of the operation of labor instruments，The machine system shows a powerful decomposition and synthesis ability，The modern form of craftsmanship is not only based on this foundation，And prove its universality in finer decomposition and larger integration、Effectiveness and practicality。“The principle of large industry is，First of all, it doesn’t matter what the person’s hands are，Decompose each production process itself into its constituent elements，Thereby creating the completely modern science of technology。”“In developed factories，What governs is the continuity of particular processes。” The ability to decompose and synthesize is not unique to large industry，But it was not until the emergence of large industry that it truly rose to the level of principle，Thus running through the social production process。Decomposition and synthesis are not only the dismemberment and combination of natural objects，bet365 withdrawal also the decomposition and synthesis of the production process。This kind of decomposition and synthesis is not simply splitting and combining，But there is a connection in the decomposition、Recursive structures with divisions in synthesis，That is, the single element obtained by decomposition itself contains the connection and influence with the system，Decomposition and synthesis are both to remove technical obstacles，bet365 withdrawal in interconnected systems that they can be decomposed into individual elements。Under decomposition and synthesis，It follows the laws of science and technology。"The problem of how each local process is completed and how each local process is combined，By mechanics、The technical application of chemistry, etc. to solve the problem。”

　　Modern bet365 withdrawal that cuts into political philosophy

The capitalist application of machines capitalizes machines，Making the labor process subordinate to capital，Machines become a means of sucking labor，The production process becomes a process in which the object dominates the subject。In the capitalist mode of production，The purpose of using machines is to obtain more residual value，But machines as labor instruments do not create value，But by “shortening the portion of the working day that workers spend on themselves，Produce surplus value by extending the part of the working day he gives to the capitalist free of charge。In essence，Machines can achieve the purpose of obtaining more surplus value only by acting on people。The reason why machines can act on people and establish a one-way dominance relationship between "machine and people"，On the one hand, bet365 withdrawal because if people do not sell their labor power, they will have nothing，If human body materials cannot be merged into the objective organism of the machine system，People cannot be integrated into the production process。On the other hand, bet365 withdrawal because the machine system is absorbing natural forces、Social force、Manipulate tools or disassemble、Comprehensive labor objects show a strange and powerful ability and rigidity，Making it impossible for a single person to become a competitor。People are attached to the machine system and follow the logic of things to produce，This also means that human production and the life based on it are dominated and ruled by the logic of things。“The movement and activity of the instruments of labor are independent of the workers”，“bet365 withdrawal no longer workers who use the means of production，But the means of production use workers”。

The large-scale machine industry has reshaped the ruling logic of power，The direct rule of things over people has become a new form and form of capital social rule。The human production process is governed by the logic of things，The things here are not things expressed in the form of commodities or currencies，It refers to the machine system，So being dominated by the logic of things refers to being dominated by the operating logic of the machine system。First，Owning the means of production and products to the capitalists is the prerequisite for the establishment of the logic of comprehensive rule of things under the large-scale machine industry。Secondly，The machine adopts the form of capital, which also means that the machine becomes the physical intermediary through which capital controls labor，Become a shield erected by capitalists in front of workers，Make capital’s power rule more concealed。Again，The machine system is not just a collection of machines，bet365 withdrawal the objectification of human general intelligence，Another realistic form of separation of physical and mental work，Therefore, the dominance of machines over humans is not only reflected in the logic of things，It also contains the logic of the historical development of human society，It makes general intelligence a tool to dominate labor，Social knowledge that enables the long-term development of mankind has a governing function。Finally，Machine industry has changed the mode of workers’ resistance against capitalists。It not only weakens workers’ struggle，It also transforms the direct struggle between workers and capitalists into an indirect struggle。

Different from the previous way of explaining power relations from political economy to political philosophy，Approaching political philosophy through the process of technology can provide a deeper understanding of the generation mechanism of capitalist micro power and its comprehensive development，Be able to better understand the logic of power rule under the special rather than the general capitalist mode of production，It also better reflects the deep construction of bourgeois power relations in people’s spiritual concepts。Technology, as a product of large-scale machine industry, has also been reproduced in various forms: bet365 withdrawal not only represented as production technology in disciplines，And bet365 withdrawal manifested in management technology and other disciplines that have internal isomorphism。bet365 withdrawal also constantly involved in people’s education、Tradition、Habits and other aspects of real life，The formation of a culture with technology as its core，And develop into a productive cultural industry。Eventually developed into an ideology that dominates people’s conceptual life，Thus safeguarding the legitimacy of capital’s rule。Management technology is simultaneously a "political anatomy" and a "power dynamics"，It constantly pushes and dissects the human body，Make every part and behavior of the human body obey the machine system and the most scientific mechanical laws to operate，Ultimately achieve the discipline and control of the entire human body。In people’s daily life，Changes in people’s lifestyles often depend on changes in how people use time。In the era of large-scale industry where leisure time is also measured，Human life is also dominated by technology that subdivides time。The distinction between leisure time and work time has become blurred，Various life plans and career plans are based on how people can better integrate into social production。The blurring of the boundaries between leisure time and working time also makes the rule of power penetrate deeply into all areas of people’s lives。People began to develop their activities and lives in a way that accurately calculates time，Regard non-utilitarian consumption of time as wasteful and shameful behavior，This kind of invisible power rule does not involve personal annihilation，bet365 withdrawal a disciplinary approach that treats people both laissez-faire and harshly。As identified by Foucault，This kind of time division for people、The integrated power rule model is a combination of macro-power and micro-power，It manifests itself as "a temporal awareness of control activities and practices of domination、Univocal、Integration of continuity and cumulative dimensions”。Its emergence is related to a new power technology，i.e. "by splitting、Serialization、Comprehensive and integrated new ways to manage and use time effectively” related。Obviously，The power technology here is essentially a kind of craftsmanship。

What the machine system brings is a "bottom-up" change，It does not mean that capitalist "political rule can continue to be legitimized 'from below' rather than 'from above' (with the help of cultural traditions)"。Marx’s research on technology is revealing the hidden truth behind the large-scale industrial bet365 withdrawal of machines，The human labor process that has always been obscured by the process of value appreciation。The analysis of the labor process shows the historical nature of the power dominance of large-scale machine industry under capitalism: large-scale machine industry, which represents people's ability to change nature, will inevitably produce irreconcilable contradictions with the logic of capital value appreciation，And ultimately destroy this logic and the social relations and power rule based on it，“Modern industry never regards and regards the existing form of a certain bet365 withdrawal as the final form。Therefore，The technical foundation of modern industry is revolutionary，The technical basis of all previous production methods is inherently conservative”。

　(The author is an associate professor at the School of Marxism, South China Normal University)