As one of the founders of Marxism，Engels not only made important contributions to the founding of Marxism，and played an important role in the process of defending and developing Marxism。In the "Anti -Dulin theory", known as "Encyclopedia of Marxism"，Engels is in the theoretical argument of breaking up，Defending and developing Marxism。

1970s，Du Lin, who was self -presented with "socialist reformers", has published "History and Critical Critical Critical History of National Economics and Socialist Critics", "Course of National Economics and Social Economics，Basic Issues of Fiscal Policies "and" Philosophy Tutorial -Strict Scientific World View and Life Outlook "and other main works，With its "creation" theoretical system, to launch a comprehensive challenge to Marxism。With Du Lin's point of view, it is widely spread in the German Social Democratic Party，To avoid the situation of the split and chaotic of ideological factions in the party，With the support of Marx，Engels resolutely interrupted the writing of "Dialectics of Nature"，Film counterattack on Du Lin's fallacy，strong defending the truth of Marxism。In "Anti -Dulin Theory"，Engels not only criticized Du Lin's point of view，And for the first time, the three components of Marxism, Marxist philosophy、Basic content and contact with each other of Marxist political economics and scientific socialism，clarified dialectical materialism and historical materialism as the sole scientific worldview and methodology，bet365 Play online games The theoretical basis of Marxist political economics and scientific socialism。

　　bet365 Play online games On the basis of summing up the results of the 19th century natural science research，Marx and Engels recognize，Nature also contains universal contact、Movement and other dialectical ideas。As Engels pointed out: "In nature，The exercise law of the same dialectics happens in countless intricate changes，Just like these laws in history are the occasional incident: these rules are also in the history of human thinking，They are gradually realized by the people who are thinking; these rules were originally comprehensive by Hegel、But elaborate in mysterious form，Dipped them out of their mysterious form，and expressed them clearly from their entire simplicity and universality，This is our purpose "。For Engels，What to do is not to inject the laws of dialectics from the outside，and in the nature of the law and elaborate from the nature。Engels started from criticizing Du Lin with the idealistic line of idealism in the philosophy system with "priority"，Scientifically answered the relationship between thinking and existence，The true unity of the world lies in its materiality，Determined the fundamental starting point of dialectical materialism。Engels about Du Lin about time、The metaphysical view of the space was criticized，Scientific explanation of time、The relationship between space and material movement，The first dialectical and statement of time and space view of time and space is generalized and expressed;、The ultimate pole of truth and the absolute reliability of the truth have been criticized for criticism，Scientifically explained the dialectical movements and laws of human thinking; criticizing Du Lin's confusion of Marx's dialectical law and Hegel's error and confusion，Science clarify the three laws of materialist dialectics，That is the unified law of opposition、Laws of Mutual Mutual Change and Negotiations，For dialectical materialism, the theoretical foundation is consolidated。

　　Detailed perspective from the perspective of political economy explains the historical view of materialism。In "Anti -Dulin Theory"，Engels Critical Perspective from Political Economics，Criticizing Du Lin's historical idealist view on political violence to determine economic relations，Scientifically reveals the basic principles of historical materialism such as economic foundation and upper -level buildings，Critical paradigm for political economics for the establishment of materialist history。Starting from Du Lin's consrude，Violent violence as "historical basic thing"，Then "based on violence -based ownership" distort the economic foundation and upper -level architectural relations wrongly，Engels gave a layer of peeling。Engels thinks，"Violence is not a simple will，It requires a very realistic prerequisite for promoting the realization of will of will.，Especially tools "，"，All economic conditions and resources help ‘violence’ to win，No them，Violence will not be a violence "。Engels completely refuted Du Lin's claim, "The original things must be found from direct political violence，Inserture from indirect economic power should be found "。other，Different from Du Lin regards violence as "absolute bad things"，Engels also affirmed the revolutionary role of violence in history，Evaluate its "instrument of every old society who has bred a new society; it is a tool for the social movement to open up the path and destroy the rigid dying political form"，reveals the relationship between various historical factors，Greatly enriched the content of the historical view of materialism。At affirmation, "All political power always uses a certain economy at first、Based on the functions of society，Engels's anti -effect on politics has a specific analysis。"After political power is independent of society and changes from a public servant to a master，It can work in two directions。or in accordance with the spirit and direction of the regular economic development，In this case，There is no conflict between it and economic development，Economic development has accelerated。or violates economic development，In this case，Except for a few exceptions，It always trapped in collapse in the pressure of economic development as usual。"The dialectical relationship between the economic foundation and the upper -level buildings can be scientifically explained。

　　Clear the basic category and basic principles of Marxist political economy。In the field of political economy，Engels refuted Du Lin's attack on Marx's economics theory, especially the remaining value theory, based on vulgar economics。Du Lin set off from the philosophical position of the ideal history and shape of the ideal history，The research targets of political economics are attributed to "natural phenomena" and "eternal truth"。Engels put forward the concept of broad political economy with the help of the historical view of materialism and material dialectics，The nature of political economics、Research objects and methods made a scientific explanation。The "distribution decision theory" for Du Lin，Engels first pointed out that the root cause of the error is "although the two production and circulation are restricted by each other, but the different processes are different in nature"。But the fact is exactly the opposite，"The distribution is in terms of its decisive characteristics，Always the production and exchange relationship of a certain society and the inevitable result of the historical premise of this society "。Subsequent，Engels revealed production、Dialectics between exchange and distribution，That is production and exchange decision allocation，The distribution method will also play an capacity for production and exchange。Du Lin also mix "value and price into a talk"，The value created by the value of labor and the value created by the labor force，How much the power of a person invested in any item，Direct decisive reasons deemed to be value and value。For this，Engels refute，"Marx starts from Li Jiatu's research，Say: The value of the product is necessary for the society reflected in the commodity、The labor decision of ordinary people，and the labor time is measured by the length of the labor time。Labor is the scale of all values，But it is worthless itself "，"The profit of the capital is the same as the other forms of the unpaid labor products that occupy others，It's just a part of the remaining value discovered by Marx "。Engels scientifically explained the source of surplus value，and regard it as "the epoch -making achievements of Marx's works" affirmation and promotion，Defend the truth of Marxism。

　　supplemented and explained the theory of scientific socialism.Engels criticized Du Lin while，Looking back on the development of socialism from the beginning of science，and further discuss and explain socialism。First，Engels combed the source of scientific socialism in detail。Different from Du Lin's "Create a new imaginary social system from his supreme head"，Engels advocates "the same as any new learning，It must first start from existing ideological materials，Although its roots are hidden in the facts of the economy "。Engels made a detailed sorting and dialectical analysis of the doctrine of the three major socialists in the guidance of "Anti -Dulin Theory"，and summarized their common points. "Not as representatives of the interests of the proletariat at that time"。Next，Clarified some concepts of scientific socialism。For example，In "Anti -Dulin Theory"，Engels specifically described the process of the death of the country，Proposed classic assertions: "The country is not‘ abolished ’，It is self -dying。"" Last，Detailed demonstration of classic assertions from different perspectives。For example，In the "Communist Declaration"，Marx Engels proposed the famous judgments of "two inevitables"。In "Anti -Dulin Theory"，Engels's research perspective from political economy，Analysis of the internal contradictions of modern capitalist production methods，A supplementary interpretation of the "two inevitable" assertions。

In "Anti -Dulin Theory"，Engels, as the "Second Pianist", defended the truth of Marxism in a critical way，supplemented and explained the socialist literature since the Declaration of the Communist Party，bet365 best casino games Not only promotes the maturity of the German Social Democratic Party's thoughts，and provides ideological armed for Marxists from various countries，greatly promoted the development of the international communist movement。

　　(The author is the director of the International Communist Movement History Research Office of the Marxism Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Associate Researcher)