How to meet the people's growing good life needs，It is a question that the party and the government have always paid much attention to。Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Central Committee proposed "strengthening social development vitality，Improve the level of social governance "，and the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed "Co -Construction、Co -governance、Share "since the governance pattern，All local governments have continuously worked hard to explore various resources in governance，Clear government、The boundary and responsibilities between the market and society。In this process，The problem that a gradual emergence that makes the grassroots government have to face is，How to stimulate the diverse subject，Energy and initiative for residents to participate in community affairs。

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For the development of the community，Fund is the most important resource，It also plays a very important role in governance。With the disintegration of the unit system of our country，The community has gradually undertaken a series of social functions from the enterprise。At the same time，The capital status of the community has also experienced a large change process。Early，The reform of the tax system leads to insufficient local financial funds，At the same time, due to community development is more marginal in local development，So the development of the community is very scarce。With the increase in local finances and the increase in the demand for community governance in the local government，The funding support for the community also increases。But，The use of funds at this time is mainly determined by the government from top to bottom，Uses are also limited to the construction of hardware facilities。With the development of the project system and bet365 Play online games the improvement of community governance requirements，Local governments began to use projects to carry out community services and governance。These projects have great help for community governance，But the source of its funds is always the government，The project is finally responsible for the government，It is difficult to truly mobilize the enthusiasm of residents to participate。To further encourage residents' participation，In recent years, some public service funds have been allocated to the community to provide services to residents。Although these funds are allocated by local government finance，​​But the right to use is completely controlled by the residents，Theoretically gives residents more autonomy。

Such funds first appeared in Beijing in 2005，Known as "Special Special Subsidy Funds for Urban and Rural Community Public Welfare"，Subsidies according to the size of the community，subsidies below 2000 households 80,000 yuan，Each increase of more than 2000 households increases by 40 yuan。But the use of this fee has not fully mobilized the enthusiasm of residents to participate，The effect of not achieving expectations。Around 2015，Many regions have begun to release special funds in the community，Ru Chengdu's "Special Funds for Public Service and Social Management of Urban Community"、Wuhan's "Community Huimin Project Funds"、"City Community Activities" in Guangzhou。Although the name is different，Subsidy standards and funding composition are slightly different，But its original intention is very similar to the logic of use，All use a certain municipal and district -level finance to leverage the enthusiasm of community funds and residents。

Although this kind of funds aim to give more space and autonomy in the community，But many scholars are not optimistic about this。They generally think，The community public funds are community finance，But it originated from the government's financial funds，Therefore, the control method is also affected from top to bottom，The bet365 Play online games right to speak in it is extremely small。But，Chengdu's "Special Funds for Public Service and Social Management" (hereinafter referred to as "public service funds") in Chengdu，It provides a good example for showing how the community public funds mobilize the enthusiasm of residents。Chengdu Public Service Funding System Starting Trial in 2012，and modify it many times from 2014 to 2018 during the practice。Although it did not appear nationwide as early as it，But there are many places worth learning from。

　Stimulate residents to participate in governance autonomy

The source of public service funds in Chengdu is the government，However，Solve the problem of the power source of residents' participation。First，Public service funds require special funds for special funds，It can only be used to provide community public goods and carry out public welfare undertakings，It must not be used for projects that are guaranteed and operated with fiscal funds。This means that residents want to get this fund，It must be used for public affairs in the development of the community，At the same time, it is clear that there is no conflict with the government's responsibility。Next，Diverse use of public service funds，Residents can apply for self -organization，You can also buy services to carry out projects through social organizations。This provision provides a lot of choices for residents，If you are not very experienced in carrying out the project，You can also help others。But because the community public service funds belong to the resident itself，So even if you buy the service of social organizations，The final evaluation of the project is performed by the residents，instead of the government。This is logically different from the previous way of use。

Last，The project must be determined by the residents itself。Several systems are guaranteed as a guarantee。First，More than 95%knowing rate，95%of residents know the existence of funds。This standard is difficult to meet at the beginning，But through various meetings bet365 live casino games in the community and the publicity column, it is uninterrupted and publicized in each quarter，After a few years，Community residents who have been asked randomly have a certain degree of understanding of this。2，Two -level council system。Chengdu has established communities and councils at the city at the city。The Council of the Council is responsible for collecting the opinions of the residents of the hospital，More than 10%of residents' opposition will not be carried out; community councils will review the application projects of different courtyards，Pay attention to the more widely beneficial project under the guidance of the party organization。Each project has an evaluation form，What is the need to evaluate the coverage、Whether it meets the needs of residents，If the score is too low, adjust or be terminated。Chengdu's council system has begun to practice before the emergence of public service funds，This also provides a good foundation for the use of public service funds。third，The entire process of the project must have the participation of residents，Each link must be convenient for all residents to participate，At the same time, the community supervisory committee supervises the use of funds。The project is finally carried out by the residents' council review and approved，Residents should not be less than 10 people，Ordinary residents must not be less than 20。Ordinary residents must not be less than 20，Finally to review。After the project is passed，It needs 10 days of publicity。

Under these regulations，The use of public service funds of some community has achieved good results。For example，In the urban community，Many residents are not bet365 live casino games familiar with each other，It is not easy to communicate when encountering a problem，It is also difficult to form a joint force。A grid member who was originally engaged in community services found that many people will have some idle items，Others may have demand for these items，But only once or twice，No need to buy。Because the residents are not familiar with each other，So you can't communicate with each other。So，He suggested to use community public service funds to build a platform，Let the residents put their idle items on the platform to share。At the same time，Let the residents understand the situation of idle items through the display board，This can be repaid through the platform。This platform has been well received by residents，Not only does it make full use of items，It also eased the contradiction of neighborhood，Effective emotional，Reached a good governance effect。

Residents except for the project，It will also introduce the help of professional social organizations by purchasing services，Provides creative ideas for satisfying people's desire to live a better life。For example，A social organization created a healthy diet for residents。In the beginning, hire a nutritionist to take lessons for residents，The concept and method of transmitting a healthy diet，But the participation of the residents is not high，There are fewer people who persist。Later，Social workers have found that many health products companies have done nutrition lectures in the community，All sell products，So residents have a sense of distance。Since then，They changed the way，Start leading the residents to buy ingredients in the supermarket，Let them make food on the spot。In this process，Many housewives slowly participate，and will also communicate with each other in the process of buying food and cooking together，Including children's diet、Parent -child relationship、contradictions of mother -in -law and mother -in -law。This project finally moves from diet health to guidance for residents including comprehensive health such as mental health，It also greatly improves the participation of residents。Because the amount of public service funds is limited，Residents love the project very much，More and more residents have even paid their own money to participate in the project。

　Government guiding role is the most important

You can see through these cases，Although the implementation Bet365 lotto review of the project uses fiscal funds，but not being restricted by the government as many scholars predicted，There is no situation where the masses lack autonomy。On the contrary，Residents not only have high enthusiasm，and there are many creatives。The project not only promotes the re -organization of grass -roots residents，It also successfully leveraged the residents' own funds。In some projects related to interest activities，Some residents feel that the government's money is not "hard enough"，Therefore, many things are willing to organize and pay their own funds。The main reason for this result is that the use of this funds from beginning to end is in the hands of residents，Even professional social organizations participate，The final acceptance and evaluation of it is not the government，but residents。This is a good emphasis on the power boundary of the market and society in the project。The secretary of some communities said，The project carried out by the residents will also be responsible for，If there is a problem, they will find a way to solve it，instead of relying on the government。

These cases are very successful，But what I want to see is，Government guidance still plays the most important role in the project。In sharp contrast to a successful case is，There are also many communities that have a very "difficult" situation of public service funds。Because public service funds not only have strict "negative list"，And from audit to assessment is very strict。Under the premise of facing huge administrative pressure in the community，Many communities said they are unwilling to accept this money，Because the pressure of expenditure is very large。Even some communities indicate，After the funds are in place, there will be an idea of ​​direct division。On the other hand, the previous successful cases will be discovered，All communities that have been effectively used by funds are inseparable from the leaders of the two communities.。This is exactly where the government's power and responsibility Bet365 app download border is located，Create a platform and space for residents that can exert its energy。

Chengdu's public service fund system has opened up a new idea for my country's community governance。Fund is an indispensable resource for community construction and development，But it is not only the amount of funds that affect the effect of governance，The ownership and use of funds also play an important role。Chengdu's public service funds belong to the residents of the community，Not only is it completely dominated by it，And it is responsible for assessment and supervision，Therefore, high enthusiasm used by residents，The effect is significant。

　(Author Unit: Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)