While our country’s economy and society continue to develop and progress,The phenomenon of population aging is becoming increasingly prominent。Demographic data displayed on the official website of the National Bureau of Statistics,In 2019, my country’s population aged 65 and above reached 176.03 million,An increase of 57.09 million compared to 118.94 million in 2010;The dependency ratio of the bet365 offer population also increased from 11 in 2010.9% growth to 17 in 2019.8%。Both the number of bet365 offer people aged 65 and above and the dependency ratio of the bet365 offer population show an obvious trend of increasing year by year。On the other hand,my country’s birth rate and natural growth rate have been decreasing year by year since 2015,respectively from 12 in 2015.07‰and 4.96‰,Reduced to 10 in 2019.48‰ and 3.34‰。Especially after the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy in 2016,The number of births nationwide has continued to decline for four consecutive years,Reduced from 17.86 million people in 2016 to 14.65 million people in 2019,Far lower than the 17.5 million to 21 million births per year predicted by the former National Health and Family Planning Commission at the beginning of the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy during the 13th Five-Year Plan period。Based on the classification criteria determined by the United Nations "Population Aging and Its Socio-economic Consequences" in 1956,Our country has entered an aging society as early as the end of the 20th century,And some time in the future,The aging of our country will continue to deepen。
Some scholars pointed out,Due to the rapid pace of demographic change in our country、Characteristics of short cycle,The population is aging at a correspondingly rapid rate,Will enter the accelerated aging stage during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period。Population aging has a profound impact on all aspects of human economic and social life。At the economic level,Population aging affects economic growth、Social savings level、Consumption investment methods、Labor supply and public resource allocation, etc.。At the social level,The impact of aging population on health bet365 offer、Family composition、Lifestyle、Values and other aspects also have a huge impact。In addition,The population structure continues to age,It is not conducive to maintaining intergenerational harmony and social vitality,It is also not conducive to maintaining national population security and enhancing international competitiveness。Therefore,How to deal with the problem of population aging,Reducing the impact of population aging on economic transformation and social system reform before my country enters an "aging society",Becomes a difficulty that we urgently need to face and solve。
In recent years,Party Central Committee、The State Council correctly grasps the general trend of population development and the law of aging,Make a decision based on the present、Major strategic deployment with a long-term perspective。Emphasized in the report of the 19th CPC National Congress,Actively respond to population aging,Building bet365 offer、Filial piety to the elderly、Respecting the elderly policy system and social environment,Promote the integration of medical and nursing care,Accelerate the development of aging undertakings and industries。The "Recommendations of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-term Goals for 2035" also clearly stated,Implementing the national strategy to actively respond to population aging,Optimize fertility policy,Enhance the inclusiveness of family planning policy,Developing an inclusive childcare service system,Promote long-term balanced development of population。Actively develop elderly human resources,Developing inclusive bet365 offer services and mutual-help bet365 offer。Central Committee of the Communist Party of China、The "National Mid- and Long-term Plan for Active Response to Population Aging" issued by the State Council clearly stated,We must improve a sustainable multi-level social security system,Improving the bet365 offer service system and health service system,And stipulates five specific work tasks。First, consolidate social wealth reserves to cope with the aging population;The second is to improve the effective supply of labor in the context of population aging;The third is to create a high-quality service and product supply system for the elderly;The fourth is to strengthen scientific and technological innovation capabilities to cope with the aging of the population;The fifth is to build bet365 offer、Filial piety to the elderly、A social environment that respects the elderly。In this context,Should be based on the overall needs of my country’s current aging society and the actual needs of different regions,Based on the current reality that my country’s birth rate and natural population growth rate are declining year by year,Learn from other countries’ experiences in aging society management,Building a mutual aid service system for childcare and bet365 offer,Achieve a “soft landing” for the aging population crisis。
First, build a community mutual aid service platform for childcare and bet365 offer,Integrate childcare services and bet365 offer services,Optimize human resource allocation to the greatest extent。Child care and bet365 offer mutual aid service platform refers to a new mutual aid service organization that integrates child care services and bet365 offer services,The hardware equipment is geared towards conservation、High-tech products for nursing purposes、Mainly smart daily necessities,The software configuration is mainly provided by service personnel with professional childcare qualifications and bet365 offer qualifications,And employ good health、Have the ability to work、Old people who love service work are trained to do auxiliary work。Not only can some elderly people continue to play their role in society,Solving the labor shortage problem,We can also provide them with a learning platform,Use the nursing knowledge acquired through training and exposure to care for yourself in the future,Reduce the care burden to a certain extent on society。Integrate childcare services and bet365 offer services,Not only can limited labor resources be allocated effectively,You can also use the cross activity space,Enliven the atmosphere of a senior care facility with the presence of children,Increase the spiritual fun of the elderly。At the same time,It can also help children take care of the elderly from a young age,Form a good moral concept of caring for the elderly,Conducive to building bet365 offer、Filial piety to the elderly、A social environment that respects the elderly。
Therefore,On the one hand, qualified party and government agencies should be encouraged、State-owned enterprises and institutions、Public offices with the scale required for the development of social groups and other organizations、Private childcare and bet365 offer mutual aid agency。Meanwhile,The childcare and bet365 offer service market can also be opened,Allow qualified social capital to invest in the establishment of private childcare and bet365 offer mutual aid institutions,Implement equal preferential policies,Implement market supervision,Strengthen service supervision,Carry out fair competition。On the other hand,Refined childcare institutions,Providing precise parenting services to the society,Reducing the childcare burden of individual families。After the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy,Our country’s birth rate has not reached the estimated level in recent years。Find out the reason,Except age、Physical condition、In addition to personal concepts and other factors,Another important point is the issue of “difficulties in raising children”。Due to the faster pace of life in modern society、Higher cost of living,Many married women with childbearing potential are under great pressure from work、Did not give birth or only gave birth to one child due to reasons such as no one to take care of the child。Therefore,Not only from the legal system、Maternity allowance、Create a social environment suitable for women at multiple levels in terms of marriage, childbirth, holidays, etc.,Encourage fertile women to have children,Solution to "can give birth" but "don't want to give birth"、The problem of “wanting to have a baby” but “dare not dare”。We also need to establish childcare institutions suitable for all ages,If providing childcare services suitable for infants and young children aged 0-3,Nurture services suitable for children aged 3-6 years old,Tutorial services suitable for teenagers aged 6-12 years old,And equipped with professional staff with corresponding qualifications,Transfer part of family childcare matters to social public services,Reducing the childcare burden of individual families,Make them willing and energetic to have children。
The second is to promote the development and utilization of human resources,Reasonable allocation of social bet365 offer resources,Increase employment flexibility for all types of personnel。Fully mobilize the enthusiasm of older workers and the elderly to participate in employment,Ability to advance、Willing older workers and the elderly can be re-employed on the childcare and bet365 offer mutual aid service platform。For example,Hire elderly people with corresponding abilities and skills as service personnel to engage in professional or auxiliary work in child care institutions,Hire good health、Elderly people who have been engaged in related nursing work have been trained to serve as childcare providers aged 0-3 years old,Provide professional care to infants and young children;Hired for art work、Elderly people with artistic expertise serve as nurturing service personnel for ages 3-6,Enlighten children in art;Hire seniors with teaching qualifications and experience to serve as tutoring service personnel for 6-12 years old,Provide academic tutoring for school-age children。Same,Assign elderly people with the ability and willingness to work to appropriate social positions based on their specialties that are not limited to bet365 offer service institutions,Create new job opportunities for them,Make full use of the human resources of the elderly,Continue to shine in your new job,Serve the society。
The third is to comprehensively improve the quality of human resources,Building a human resources team for childcare and bet365 offer services,Strengthening the workforce in related industries。With the continued increase in the number of elderly people,The number of elderly and disabled elderly people is increasing,The demand for bet365 offer services continues to grow,Put forward higher requirements for service capabilities and service quality。Many developed countries today are facing the dilemma of insufficient employees in the child care and bet365 offer industry,For example, Japan introduces some nursing vocational school graduates from China,After being trained and enriched into its medical and bet365 offer service team。Therefore,Vigorously develop vocational education related to childcare and bet365 offer,Accelerate the training of professional service personnel for childcare and bet365 offer,Cultivating relevant talents with one specialty and multiple abilities,Enable it to meet the increasingly severe social needs for bet365 offer。Established and improved including baby care、Child care、Health Education、Preventive Health Care、Disease diagnosis and treatment、Rehabilitation Nursing、Long-term care、Comprehensive palliative care、Continuous health service system,Promote the organic integration of medical services and childcare and bet365 offer services,Completed to cover urban and rural areas、Childcare and bet365 offer service system integrating medical care。
The fourth is to vigorously develop scientific and technological innovation capabilities to cope with the aging of the population,Accelerate the scientific and technological research and development of products and services related to childcare and bet365 offer,Rely on technological innovation to resolve the challenges brought by population aging to economic and social development。At present, my country’s bet365 offer industry is not developed enough,Insufficient supply capacity of bet365 offer services,Therefore, we need to increase investment in bet365 offer services,Multiple channels、Expand the supply of elderly-friendly products and services in a wide range of fields。Vigorously develop labor substitution and enhancement technologies,Developing the Internet of Things、Cloud computing、New technologies such as artificial intelligence、New device,Improve the management quality and level of child care and bet365 offer service system。Strengthen the R&D and innovation of assistive equipment and products for the elderly,Prioritize the development of nursing care for the elderly、Living assistance and other related technology products,Optimized design,Improve practicality,Providing intelligent technology compensation for the functional degeneration and impairment of the elderly,Auxiliary、Alternative Human Care,Completely solve the problem of insufficient human resources。
(Author’s unit: Institute of Contemporary China, Chinese Academy of bet365 offer Sciences)
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