Freehand ink was produced in the Tang Dynasty，It is mainly in Chinese painting.、Emphasized and vividly stylish important painting。After World War II，Asian art treasures disperse the United States with different routes，Where，The freehand drawing from China has attracted many post -war artists and art historians with "splashing ink" and "empty" art aesthetics，Become the main object of Western modern and contemporary art, especially post -war art study，It is an important basis for the influence of Chinese aesthetic thought on the development of Western art。

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"Splashing ink" was first published in Zhu Jingxuan's "Tang Dynasty Famous Drawing"，"With its shape，Is a mountain for stone，For the cloud for water "，This kind of ink method has experienced later literati paintings and finally evolved into Chinese freehand traditional skills。Creative products of the freedom of freedom and emotion as an artist，"Splashing ink" attracted the attention of the abstract expressionist painter after war in the United States，Charles Rahman, a artist history scholar at Oregon University, interpreted the "splashing ink" as a "random" behavior based on Chinese philosophical consciousness，and point out that the New York School of New York, which has emerged in the 1940s, has an important relationship with splashing ink。The New York School is called Bet365 lotto review the "Action School" for painting with a random unconscious behavior of the body.，Among them, Polk painted with splash colors、Ive Klein, which is based on monochrome -coating creation, is a well -known figure in the world's art scene。These artists are no stranger to Chinese freehand paintings，In addition to watching the exhibition of Chinese collections in major American museums，Klein has also been to Japan，and Pollock may indirectly obtain a understanding of ink and ink from another painter Mark Tobi。In specific creation，"Random" unconsciousness is not the essence of splashing ink，Instead, the results of strong and strong feelings with great rational coordination。

Pour in ink as where the spirit is free，The unconscious creativity of the artist's body is vividly reflected。Rahman pointed out，David Clark、Elizabeth Lamkhn and other artist scholars use research methods and other research methods，Prove that Pollock and other painters are affected by Chinese philosophy, especially Taoist doctrine, to varying degrees，Therefore, it is influenced by "splashing ink"。For example, Claine led the model to the blue with nakedness，Roll with the body on the screen、Pick up by handprints and other paintings; except for the New York Painting School，Another painter Bai Nanhuai, who is deeply influenced by Zen thought, used his hair to dip in ink，"Write" on a piece of white paper is a long stroke; the famous systematic painter Friedrick Bensen uses ink and ink to splash on the huge weaving scale to create a "black hole" series，I want the viewer to get a glimpse of the Bet365 app download mystery of the universe。These examples are all breakthroughs on the original creative method of Western painting under the influence of freehand "splashing ink"。

　To understand the aesthetic meaning of "empty"

Different from the splashing of Pollock and the monochrome of Klein，The traces of splashing ink in freehand paintings are transformed into specific creations，The bright coverage of ink color is covered in every part of the picture，The charm of freehand drawing is vividly achieved by the aesthetic role of "empty"。"Empty" is displayed in the picture in the picture is a white -retention of brush strokes，The important representative of post -war abstraction, Linehart, is very interested in the blank space in the ink composition，He uses "inner", "self -made", "silence" and other words that express the superpoted spirit，Described by the Chinese Painting Exhibition held by the Cleveland Art Museum in 1954 (there is no lack of freehand works)。Leinhart once taught Oriental Art at Brooklyn College，There are also studies on Chinese Taoist philosophy and Zen thoughts。Asian art history scholar、Famous curator Alexander Monroe pointed out，For Reinhart，These eternal and ideal Chinese ink paintings，It is his intention to explain and use the paradigm in his radical and simple monochrome painting，The silence of the black block is no longer the dead silence of the machine，but the empty spirit that is closer to the spirit。

"Empty" in freehand ink provides help for Western artists to think about Eastern culture。Famous abstract artist Brss Madiden used Zen science to break away from the creative Bet365 app download creation，and dates back to the ancient country of Zen's origin and freehand drawing -China。After studying in -depth research on ancient Chinese poetry and painting，Madiden realized that the real "empty" is not empty in the picture，Instead, I realize the power of nature in meditation。In his series of paintings "Hanshan Research"，Madden created with relative lines in "empty"，symbolizes the harmony of yin and yang，Lines similar to cursive script remained the so -called "self -made"，Ranged in the space，Calm and comfortable，and a hint of lonely，Like a poem written by the poetry monk Han Shan's seclusion。

The meditation of Tongthethart and Madden is different，Abstract expressionist painter Mark Tobby is the "empty" in the ink from the perspective of life movement。David Clark pointed out in the book of "Chinese Art and its and the world"，Chinese paintings of Chinese painters in China provide another way to treat the world for Toby。One time after class after class，"I come out and see a tree，But that tree is no longer solid "，The tree becomes soft life through the ink，Return to nature。In Teng Kui's teaching，Ink painter Painting Tree is not the shape of a tree，but the feeling of painting trees，Two two into one。Drawing flowers, birds, insects and fish，Fish from the Bada Mountain people、Qi Baishi's shrimp is swimming in a blank，The empty water is not restricted to a bottle、Yichi、Yijiang，The clear show of the water shows the movement of the fish，The vastness of the water highlights the freedom of the fish。

Vibrant painting methods of freehand drawing，It bet365 Play online games is completely different from Toby's Western art education previously received。He restored the creation in the freehand painting into a line full of infinite possible，Created your own painting paradigm。In his famous "White Writing" series of works，White lines emerge in multi -color background，"Empty" is physicalized、Similar to，Create a glowing network inside the work，The viewer's wide extension of the viewer through the complicated network，The lines are no longer just as a object of objective outline，Empty is no longer a background that the object is ignored，Instead, it works as a medium of sensation，Become a symbol of life。Modern art critic Greenberg attributed this kind of line painting to Toby's first。Toby introduced the revelation brought by "empty" into the post -war American abstraction，Models for Polet's Drops。

　　Forward -looking of freehand ink and ink

Post -war American abstract art attaches great importance to the role of the body in creation，And freehand drawing requires the painter's view of the emancipation of the body as early as the beginning of the 20th century by modern European artists，Therefore, it is inherited to the post -school generation in the United States。For example, John Eaton, a German Baohaus artist, is inspired by freehand ink strokes to teach students，Let students practice breathing before creating，Relax the body naturally，Then practice lines and strokes。His student Joseph Alberts fled to the United States and became a teacher at Heishan College，Professor Laoshenberg, who later made important contributions to contemporary art、John bet365 best casino games Cage and others，They are also active learners of Taoism and Zen philosophy。Regardless of whether these artists' creative forms embezzle daily items or perform silent music，Their works have emphasized from beginning to end to "immerse" their bodies into them，This can feel the spirit of the work。

From the perspective of art history，American abstraction at that time gradually broke away from the European art industry，I am trying to find new artistic paradigms in other cultures，Freehand ink from creative medium to expression techniques provided reference for artists who explore new forms。Different from the "Chinese style" popular in the European court in the 17th century，The freehand ink at this time is the aesthetic culture of China、Philosophy and religious thoughts into the world of Western artists。Except the artist mentioned in the text，Also representative of color blockism Masserwell、The most important sculptor David Smith, the most important after -war, also accepted the "baptism" of ink ink to varying degrees，The former combines calligraphy and color blocks for creation，The latter reads in -depth Chinese art theory works，Leave many ink and ink skills。These important revelations provided by freehand art of post -war art reminds us，Western contemporary art's understanding of writing meaning painting is inseparable from its understanding of Chinese culture，Contemporary ink and ink creation should not forget this。At the same time，Cross -cultural interpretation and absorption of Chinese art，It will also constantly issue freehand drawing itself more vitality。

bet365 live casino games (This article is the National Social Science Foundation's major project "Research on the Influence of Chinese Aesthetic Culture on Modern West" (17zda016) in the Phaood of Chinese Aesthetic Culture (17zda016)

(Author Unit: School of Humanities, Guangxi Academy of Arts)