Folklore is a young discipline in my country。If it is introduced from 1918 as a modern discipline，The history of the discipline of folklore just over a century。After 1918，Collection of folk literature、Set up、Research increased significantly，The content is also more colorful。These documents are from the perspective of genre，Roughly including mythological proverbs、Epic Well、folk story, etc.; From the perspective of category，It can be roughly divided into material folk literature、Social folk literature and faith folk literature。my country's folk culture has entered the vision of Western translator very early。If the French missionary Jinmin Pavilion in 1626 translates the "Book of Songs" in Latin and publishes it in Hangzhou，Western translations and Western history of Chinese folk literature have been nearly 400 years.。During this period，Many western missionaries、Sinologists and people from all walks of life through translation and writing，introduce Chinese folk culture to the West。Judging from the translation and dissemination of folk literature，It can be roughly divided into a budding period、Development period、growth period and prosperity period。

During the budding period (1626-1845): Westerners' attention to Chinese folk customs can be traced back to the missionary in China in the early Qing Dynasty。Their folk beliefs of China during the missionary process、Customs habits and myths and legends have produced bet365 live casino games interests，and translate some folk literature into the West。

French missionary Jinmin Pavilion translated and published "Book of Songs" in 1626，But there is no circulation in this book。Then French missionary Sun Yan completed the Latin full translation of the Book of Songs in 1733，His peers are like He Cangyu、Ma Jesso and others have also translated the Book of Songs。But 囿 囿 囿，These translations are mostly strong religious colors，and "Simple content，Severe translation of mistakes，Language Dold "，Therefore, it is not widely circulated，The folk culture in the Book of Songs has not been well reflected。

1735，The "Chinese Empire Quanzhi" compiled by Duchid, France was published in Paris。This book includes the translation of the "San Sang" part of "The Book of Agriculture"，The content is mulberry planting and silkworm technology，The customs of the agricultural society in my country。This book is widely circulated in Europe after publishing，The translation part of "The Book of Agricultural Politics" has also been widely spread.。

1723，The Qing government ordered to expel foreign missionaries，Related ban to abolition in 1846。Missionary and Sinologists' translation activities in China have fallen into a low tide。But during this time，There are still two ethnic minorities epic for the first time to be translated to the West，That is, the Russian translation of "Gesar" in Plas in 1776 and the German Gelman's "Jiangegel" in 1804 (only two stories)。

Generally speaking，Missionary "The first to open Westerners' research on Chinese folklore research"，Russia and German scholars who first translated ethnic minority epic also contributed。With their hand，my country's folk literature began to introduce bet365 live casino games to the West，This laid the foundation for the later Europe's research boom。

During the development period (1846-1917): 1846，The Qing court abolished the banning order。In the same year，British scholar Thoms proposed to establish "folklore"，This discipline quickly developed in Europe。At the same time，Sinology in Europe has also become a discipline in modern universities。So，The missionaries who come to China can be more scientific、More objective attitude to observe、Records and translation of Chinese folk culture。During this period, except epic and rumors，The content of the translation of Western people has begun to involve myths, legends and folk belief literature。

In terms of epic rumors，During this period, more translations of the Book of Songs emerged，Especially in 1911 French Sinologist Ge Lan Yan chose and translated "Book of Songs · Guofeng" 68 songs，Published in the name of "Ancient Chinese Festival and Ballad"，The purpose of the festival customs with a clear inspection of the pre -Qin period。other，The epic "Manas" of our country's Kirgiz nationality also attracted the attention of Russian scholars，Two Russian translations appeared。

In terms of myths and legends，1884，Yu Yale, the French Consulate in Guangzhou, published the article "The Legend of Weaver and Cowherd"，3309_3331。In 1891, the French Oriental Scholar Leon Drosnini translated the content of the myths and legends and geographical features in the Mountains and Seas，This is one of the earliest translations of the "Shan Hai Jing" at present。1909 French missionary Dai Suiliang published the "Folk-Lore Chinois Moderne)，Translated 222 Chinese folk stories。

For Chinese folk beliefs，Bet365 lotto review Some missionaries also have a strong interest。In 1872, the American missionary Lu Gongming published his signature poems collected in two temples in Fuzhou (28 and 56, respectively)，An English translation。This indicates that the field survey method of folklore has been adopted by missionaries。1895，British missionaries Li Timo translated and published "Push Back Picture"，He hopes to allow the West to "know what Chinese scholars think about the rising and declining and chaos"。

Growth (1918-1978): 1918，Liu Bannong and others launch a national ballad collection campaign at Peking University，Folklore learning has been developed。A significant increase in the number and types of folk literature，The translation and communication of folk literature has also entered the rapid growth stage。

In terms of epic rumors，The Book of Songs has been repeatedly translated by many sinologists and poets，Among them, the most worthy of attention is the translation of British Sinologist Arthur Welley in 1937。He broke the original poem neutral、Ya、Order of Song，Seeking、Marriage、Farming、Songs and other 17 themes to classify them。This arrangement reflects Vili’s attention to ancient folk culture。The Mongolian Poetry "History of Mongolia" in my country has also been translated into English many times，The more famous Weili translations (1963) and Mongolian scientist Luo Yiguo translation (1975)。other，British translator Dai Naidian, who settled in my country, translated and published the epic "Ashima" of the Yi people in 1957，This is also the only full English translation of the epic。

Folk story，1934 American Sinologist Weisha translated and published "Meng Jiang Nu"。Because "long -term forgotten by scholars"bet365 live casino games ，At that time, the image of Meng Jiangnv was still strange for Westerners。

Folk beliefs，"Push Back Picture" translated by Leechas in 1950 was published in the United States，German sinologist Bao Wu Gang also published the German translation of "Push Back" in 1973。

Another，1936 American Sinologist Bu De translated "Yanjing Shi Ji Ji"，Published in Beijing。This is a typical folk literature，records the seasonal festivals and customs of Beijing in the late Qing Dynasty。This translation is repeatedly reprinted multiple times，It produced a better communication effect。

During the prosperity period (1979 to the present): since the reform and opening up，The translation and dissemination of Chinese folk literature has entered a prosperous period。With the implementation of the Chinese culture "going global" project，Support for national policy、Fund support and multi -party collaboration，In recent years，There are already many classic works, including folk literature, have been translated into foreign languages ​​and promoted to the outside。

In terms of epic rumors，The Book of Songs of Chinese Scholars has emerged in large quantities，As Yang Xianyi、Translations of Wang Rongpei and Xu Yuanchong and others。The Shaanxi folk song "Northwest Echo" translated by Chinese scholar Wang Hongyin was published in 2009。Ethics of ethnic minorities，American scholar Robert Dankef in 1983 translated the Uyghur epic "Fule Wisdom"。Later, the three major epic "Gesar", "Jiang Gel" and "Manas" in my country also appeared in multiple English translations，Some of which are translated by domestic scholars。2019，The Tujia epic translated by scholars in our country and "Tima Song" and "Swing Song" were published by bet365 best casino games Foreign Research Institutes。

In terms of proverbs，2017，The "Selection of Agricultural Mystery" translated by Chinese scholar Cao Xinyu was published by China Agricultural Publishing House。This book translated 300 agricultural proverbs，In the translation of the folklore of agricultural life in my country，A positive significance produced。

Mythical aspects，The "Shan Hai Jing" translated by Chinese scholar Wang Hong was published in 2010，Echo with the translation of British Sinologist Annie Bellele in 1999 and 2002 American scholar Shi Lianquan translation。

Folk beliefs，"Push Back" appeared in the United States three English translations，In addition, there are also three English translations in "Porsam Classes"。There is currently no English translation of "Push Back Picture" in China，But scholar Liang Shaoshi has completed the English translation of the Zhubutu "Chicken Book"，will be published soon。

For nearly 400 years，The translation content of folk literature is increasing and diversified，Translation and communication methods are also translated by passive waiting for foreign translators in the past，Models that are now based on Chinese scholars' foreign translation，Take the initiative to seek "going global"。We believe，With the further increase of the future national influence，The translation and dissemination of my country's folk literature will usher in a brighter tomorrow。

(This article is the Humanities and Social Science Project of the Guizhou Provincial Department of Education "" Pushing Back Picture "and its English Translation Study (2015qn10)、A doctoral research launch project of Zunyi Medical University "The Research on Translation bet365 live casino games and Communication of Chinese Yixue Culture Classics overseas" (FB-2018-4) phase results)

(Author Unit: Foreign Language Department of Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University)