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Discussion of history compilation

May 22, 2020 02:23 Source: "China Social Sciences", May 22, 2020, No. 1931 Author: Niu Runzhen

　　Traditional historical book compilation is based on the history of the discipline body，Ji Chuanzheng's history editor has been divided into general history since "Historical Records" and "Hanshu"、Two ways to disconnect。Later scholars compare "Historical Records" and "Han Book"，On the Si Ma Qian、Ban Gu Yiyou，or the history of the mainstay，Lord History。Lord History，Excellent "Historical Records" and respect Sima Qian;，Zong "Hanshu" and Zhan Ban Gu。Two factions each hold one end，Continuous controversy。

　　Tong History and Trigan History Constant

　　Among them，The most typical is the historian Liu Zhiji and the Southern Song historian Zheng Yan。Liu Zhiju advocates the history of the interrogation，Respect "Han Book" "The End of the West capital，The abolition of the poor Liu family，Package for a generation，Written into a book，Words are refined，It should be very close。So scholars look for，Easy to work。Self -dependent to date，No change "。("Shitong · Liujia") in the book "Shitong"，On the "Historical Records" and "Hanshu"，The tendency of "Class A and Ma" is revealed everywhere。Zheng Yan advocates history，He said: "Baichuan is different，Will in the sea ...，Bing Zhuxia。"(" Tongzhi · General Preface ")" The principle of the world，Can't help it; the way of ancient and modern，Can't be unattended，It will be on the split! "

　　Zheng Yan advocates writing the history of the "meeting" consciousness，Opposition to Drag is a history，said: "According to the history of a generation，Can't pass the history of the previous generation，Repair for this book，Fix the book of the world cannot be repaired，The incidents of the descendants and the predecessors are not the cause of the reason。bet365 Play online games "(" Zheng Yong Collection "Volume 3" The Book of the Prime Minister ") Not only that，He also criticized Ban Gu's "Han Book" to cut off history before and after history，"From the Ban Gu as a history of the interrogation，The meaning of the re -phase cause，Although there is a saint of Zhongni，Do not know the profit or loss。Huitong Road，Lost since then。Together in words，Cerexiac and reciprocate，One emperor has a few disciplines;，One person has a passing pass。Astronomical，Everlasts that are not easy to，and the world work "Astronomy"; "Hong Fan" Five Elements，Book of the Family，And the World Preface "Five Elements Biography"。Such such，Is it better to be prosperous! Talk about it，The former king is not listed in the queen king，The funeral is not connected to the past。The county is the area，The source of the revolution; Li、Le Self is more Zhang，Sui to become a vulgar government。Such such，Is it better! "(" Tongzhi · General Preface ") Yuan、Ming、The Qing Dynasty people surround Liu Zhiju、Zheng Yi's Theory，Each shows their own opinions，Ren Zhi Difficulty，In the final analysis, it is a controversy around the history of the general and history。

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　　Complex history，Book compilation cannot be a system and mode，Even the writing of Ji Chuan Sports should not adhere to a single paradigm，Tong History and Termids cannot be discarded。

　　During the Republic of China，Zhang Shun Hui wrote "Shi Tong Pingjie"，Review Liu Zhi's "Han Book"，Said: "Know the Jius language，But in the "Han Book"、Rumors! Ruofu's Ten Chronicles，penetrate ancient and modern，He tastes the same generation! Trushered as a book，Ready and Dianzhang System，Source of Dispiration，Poor Search Yuan Shao。Liang Yinyin profit or loss，Non -review cannot be explicit。This is the poverty of the Break as a book，The body of the history，Do not waste。”

　　Contemporary historian Liu Jia and Mr. Hui Eye Scholars，Written "The Spirit of History of bet365 Play online games the History of History" in the History of History "(" Journal of Beijing Normal University "2012, No. 3)。He directly asked Ban Gu，Exploring the purpose of its writing books，The words of the Ban Gu in the "Hanshu · Syrian"，Reminds the spirit of the history of "Han Book"。Ban Gu said: "Every" Han Book "，Syrian Emperor，Litigation，Jianhou Wang。Quashe earth，Unified Yin and Yang，Explained Yuanji，Step Sanguang。Divided state，Tujiang Province。Poor people，The Wan Fang。Weiyi "Six Classics"，Taoist Outline。Total Bai Shi，Like Chapter。Hangya Hue，Tong ancient and modern，Failure，Wei Xuelin。"Including the history of the Han Dynasty，and not limited to the Han Dynasty，Cage World，Bo and ancient and modern，Not like Liu Zhiju's "the end of the West capital ... Packing the generation"。Liu Jiahe according to Ban Gu's words，Read "Hanshu"，Examine how to use "Luo Vientiane，Guan Ancient and Modern "is written in the history of the Western Han Dynasty，Deepen the spirit of general history contained in "Hanshu" "Eight Watch" and "Ten Zhi"。Ban Gu wrote "Han Book"，How do you implement the spirit of the general history? Ban's himself does not explain，We cannot get the "confession" of the parties，It can only be "fixed" according to the principle of things。

　　Mr. Liu Jiahe borrowed a sentence from Guo Xiang，Directly hit Ban Gu mind。"Zhuangzi · Tianyun 14th" Remember Lao Tzu and Zigong Division of the Three Emperors and Five Emperors。Guo Xiang Note: "Inheriting the flow of the hundred generations and the current change。"Mr. Liu Jiahe interpreted this sentence as" the spirit of bet365 Play online games the History of History with the spirit of the times "。Ban Gu wrote "Han Book"，It is just that "inheritance of the flow of the hundred generations and the changes will be changed today"，Combining the spirit of the times with the spirit of the general history，Make "Hanshu" an important chain ring in the "continuity of Chinese history and history"Bet365 app download 。From a formal perspective，"Han Book" is a history of disconnection，From its content and spiritual perspective，It is also connected in the entire history of China、An important part of the upper enabled。This is in line with the reality of "Han Book"，It is also the first heart of Ban Gu's history。

　　"Hanshu" Weiyan Dayi Da Yi Jing Liu Jia and Mr. Liu Family，Inspired we understand a truth: the history and the history of the intergeneration are not opposite，All forms of history，It's just different time breaks，The spirit is consistent。Tong History "Changes in Ancient and Modern"，Dragon history "inherit the flow of the hundred generations and will change today's changes"，The purpose is "Tongchang"。Tongshi will be connected in ancient and modern，Observe historical changes;，Examine its changes and relationships along the front and backs。"Poor changes，Change to pass，Pass for a long time。"" "Poor change for a long time" is the common pursuit of the compilation of the history of the general history and the history of the interrogation。

　　Both Liu Zhiba and Zheng Yan are ambitious，I didn’t really realize that Sima Qian、The original heart of Ban Gu wrote a historical book，Pay too much attention to the compilation form，It can also be said as "historical method"，The spirit contained in "Historical Records" and "Han Shu" ignored，So hold one end，Relying on the history of "weaving" with your own intention、General History "Routine"，Confusion、Net 彀人。Later generations are often affected by them，Yitong History、Broken Station Front Creation，Concern from the history of the general history with the history。Liu Jiahe read "Han Book"，First look at what Ban Gu says，Let's see what Liu Zhi said，Outsiders say that it is not as good as I say after all。He's at the beginning of his writing from Ban Gu himself，The spirit of "Han Book" is then glimpsed，Breaking the "trap" set by Liu Zhiji，Breaking the guessing of Zheng Yan's "Han Book"。In fact, Zheng Yan also bet365 best casino games has grievances，He reads "Han Book"，Don’t read Ban Gu and read Liu Zhiji，"Dang Dang" in "Shitong"。From Liu Jiahe Hongwen，Liu Zhi's Millennium Fog，Once swept off。

　　Writing a history book from the "change"

　　Since we understand the relationship between the history of the general history and the history of the interrogation and the principle of "general change"，So what should we do?

　　First，We should first understand that history is a soul、Spiritual，It is the spiritual and soul that gives historical life。Therefore，We say that history is alive，Not dead。Regardless of writing history or writing interrogation history，Tongchang change is the endless source of vitality。Ancient historian like this，Today the historian should be like this。

　　2，Tong History "Changes in Ancient and Modern"，It is necessary to divide history into different periods in different periods of dynasties，Sorting and inspecting in section by generation，Then I will get it up again，summary、Summarize the principles of changes in ancient and modern times, the principle of rise and fall, or failure，Find some laws in historical development。Tongshi compilation cannot be separated from the study of intermittent history，Because the system and content framework of general history are built on the basis of the research results of merging generations，No Dragon History is information、accumulation of content and academic aspects，It is difficult to write high -level general history。Tong History is the integration of the history of discipline、Summary and sublimation。

　　third，Writing of the history of Discipline，Seeking a change of generation，Must adhere to the spirit of history and the spirit of the times。The spirit of one era in the first era，Revealing the spirit of the times mainly depends on the summary of the historical characteristics of this era，However, the historical summary of a certain era，Must be compared before and after，Only accurate grasp。This requires the historian when writing the interrogation Bet365 app download history，Macro visual fields must be required，Training and literacy with history，Can be able to make a special contract from Broadcom，thick accumulation and thin hair。The history of the intergeneration of its writing，can truly achieve "inheritance of the flow of the Emperor and the change of today"。

　　Fourth，Thought、Academic、Culture、System、Famous objects, etc. are the basic connotation of historicism，These contents are mostly inherited and through ancient and modern。Progressive guidance system for ideological consciousness、Famous objects and other changes。As from Qin and Han to Ming and Qing dynasties，All generations are planned to plan Miyagi in accordance with the heavenly phenomenon planning，Due to the continuous improvement of the ancient people's understanding，Miyagi layout has changed all generations。If you only see the changes in Miyagi，but I can't see the progress and improvement of the system and ideological consciousness behind Gongcheng，It is difficult to get through ancient and modern changes，Can't grasp the changes in a certain dynasty。

　　This will tell us，Whether it is the history of the whole，Study of the history of interrogation，Thought、Academic、System and other aspects shall be available，This may reach the realm of "poor change for a long time"。The so -called "archeological will not be tested below the three generations", "after the book does not read the Han"，I can only tie myself up。I have often heard some scholars on the emperor of the Qing Dynasty "Yumen Listening to Political" along the Ming Dynasty，As everyone knows, "listening to politics" has formed a system in the Han Dynasty。Feng Youlan emphasizes the scholarship of the Qing Dynasty in Sub -Tongtong，Actually sinology、The learning of the Tang Dynasty、Song Xue must all pass，can you understand the clearing，This will return to Guo Xiang's sentence again。

　　Therefore，We can say that the history of the history and the history of the intergeneration is two different historical bet365 best casino games compilation forms of "general change"，Tong History will pass through ancient and modern and find changes，Ban Shi Cheng Cheng An Ancient Association for changes today。Edit Tong History or Dragon Generation History，Both should observe each other，instead of confirming the two。It should be according to the requirements of "Tongchang"，Grasp the main weight of the two，There are different relaxation in the road，can compile successful history books。

　　(The author is a professor at the School of History of Renmin University of China、Special professor of the School of History of Beijing Normal University)

Editor in charge: Changchang