Damogou Buddhist Cultural Site is located 28 kilometers east of Calle County, Hetian area, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region。Cele County in the southern edge of the Taklama Ganan Desert，Keep many castles on the ancient Silk Road、The Site of the Buddhist Temple and the Tomb Group，Damogou Buddhist Cultural Site Group has found more than 30 Buddhist relics。Just as "Wei Shu · Western Regions Biography" contained，Yu 阗 "Vulgar Dharma，The monk and nuns of the Temple Tower "，In ancient times, Yuyu (in ancient times in the region of the 阗 阗 is roughly equivalent to the scope of the Headian area of ​​Xinjiang today) Buddhist culture prevails，Tower Temple in the territory。It can be said，Damagou Buddhist cultural sites represented by Xiaodo Temple provided important historical materials for the study of Chinese civilization.，It is even a civilized exchange between the Eastern and Western Road and Western Road and the integration of the nation，and the formation and development of the multi -in -one pattern of Chinese civilization and the extremely vivid physical example evidence。

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Little Buddha Temple, Topukun, No. 1 Buddha Temple，Discovered by local herdsmen in 2000，2002 The Xinjiang Archeology Team of the Institute of Archeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in the Xinjiang Archeology team rescued it，2007 Damagou Buddhist Site Museum built。According to the relevant excavation report and comprehensive measurement，The construction of the Buddhist temple No. 1 Topukun's Temple 1 is roughly from the mid -6th century to the 7th century，It may also be as early as the late 5th century。The Site of the Buddhist Temple is north to the south，The area is only 4 square meters，The shoulder of the Buddha statue is destroyed，Both hands have been damaged。This Buddhist temple is one of the best preserved Buddhist temples bet365 best casino games found in Hetian area to date，It is also the smallest Buddhist temple in the middle of the world in the world。

Damougou Buddhist Site Museum also displayed the Buddhist temple No. 2 of Topukdun、precious cultural relics and incomplete murals unearthed from Buddhist relics in Karadun 1。Full of characters in the painting，Beautiful lines。Thousands of hands and thousand -eye Guanyin remnant mural unearthed from the Buddhist site No. 1 in Karadun，Excellent Xiao，lifelike，Unfortunately, only the existence head、chest and part of the arm。It is worth noting that，In the seven branches on the left，The wrist on the wrist of the head of the head of the head，Wear arm 钏。Another hand raised，And with a circular item，Clearly painted a mouse in the circle，This is one of the few in the world that can confirm one of the real objects worshiped by the worship recorded in Xuanzang's "The Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty"。At the same time，The character's clothing shape in the mural，It also truly reflects the social life in ancient times，and its close contact with the Central Plains in the aspects of culture and art。

Buddhism has prevailed since ancient times，First transmission into the Mahayana Buddhism，After being introduced into Mahayana Buddhism，The name of the Buddha country。Yu Yan contributed a lot of contributions to Buddhism。About AD，King Wei Chi family devoted to Buddhism，proficient in Buddhism and vigorously promote，Then build a temple in the country、Zhuangyu Buddha statue，and even Buddhism is to gain the supreme status，Tower Temple in the territory，Monk is as many as 10,000。Also at this time，A large number of Mahayana scriptures are spread to the Central Plains，Yu Yan also became the source of the Central Plains Mahayana Buddhism。Many monks such as the Eastern Jin Dynasty、Tang Dynasty Xuanzang and others recorded the development of Buddhism，For example, the description of the "Biography of Monk Dharma": "Its country Fengle，People's Yin Sheng，All in the law，Enter with Fale。Monks are tens of Bet365 app download thousands of people，How much Occasion，All food。The Star House of the People's Republic of China，A small tower in front of the house，The smallest person can be two feet high。As a square monk house，Supplier monks and Yu Susu。"" Monk Fa Xian Xian and his party arrived in 阗，Fa Xian is rich in the people of the people、Dharma Dharma，In particular, there are many monks in the country，And the grand occasion of Mahayana Buddhism can be described as impressive，Then give a detailed introduction。

Yu on the Silk Road，Is the hub of Buddhism from west to east。Buddhism is introduced from the land on land，Two north and south，Beidao is centered on Guizi，South Road is centered on。During the Northern and Southern Dynasties，Turtle has been formed、Yu、Gaochang Three Buddhist Center，Make the temples and translations of various places get unprecedented development。There is inextricable contact with Buddhism，Many monks have emerged，Leave many Buddhist temple ruins。And the interaction between Central Plains and Yu Xun Buddhism is quite a lot，Ru Shan Huiyuan's disciple Eastern Jin Dynasty famous monk branch leader，Emperor Xiaowu Emperor Taiyuan in the 17th year (392) went to the Western Regions for Fa，To 阗，Get the "Hua Yan Jing" Sanskrit 36,000 and Sanskrit，Also meet the guests of the monk Buddha。After entering Changan after the Buddha Yelshe，Translated "Quick Law"。Bei Liang Monk Wan Wuwu Visit Sutra，In the "Great Nirvana Sutra"，After translating it in Liangzhou,。The Tang Dynasty Yu Qian Monk Shilu Nu Tuo，Invitation of Yingwu Zetian，Bring Guangben's "Hua Yan Jing" Sanskrit to Luoyang，and Yijing、French Tibetan and other translated "Huayan Scriptures" 80 volumes。It can be said，"Hua Yan Jing" and "Great Nirvana Sutra" and other important Buddhist classics are introduced and translated，The value and impact of the generated cannot be estimated。As mentioned in the Big Nirvana Sutra, "One Epis." can also become a Buddha，Confirmation of Daosheng's point of view，A great shock for bet365 best casino games the Chinese Buddhism community at that time。Translation of these classics，to a large extent changed the original pattern of Chinese Buddhism，It has a long -lasting and far -reaching impact on the development of Chinese Buddhism and even Chinese culture。Ruhuang Temple，With the Mahayana Buddhism of the Central Plains returned to the West Wizu and has a wide range of impacts，Guanyin faith, etc. also introduced accordingly，Yu Yan also built a lot of Han Buddhist temples，Ruhuang Temple。From this，We can see that Yu 阗 is promoting the spread and development of Buddhist culture、Promoting Eastern and Western Cultural Exchange and Civilization Mutual Learning has played an important role。

　　The integration of Yuzhang and the Central Plains nation is becoming increasingly obvious

Topukundun No. 1 Buddha Temple，That is, the exquisite murals around the small Buddha Temple belong to the "Yu Xun Painting School"，Has a typical strong Han and Tang cultural characteristics。As the rich Buddhist cultural relic as Yu 阗，These murals and Dandan Urk Sites north of Damagou，and the wooden paintings and murals of other Buddhist sites of Damagou together show the significant characteristics and evolution of the "painting school" from the Northern and Southern Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty.。

"Yu Xun Painting School" emerged in Central Asia in the 2nd century、Western Regions，Middle -earth in the 5-6th century。Early "Yu Xun Painting School" is mainly character theme，Most related to Buddhist content，and regional style，The characteristics of this school are to absorb India、Modern method in local art performance in Central Asia，The lines of the painting of Central Plains，Forms unique painting style，Become an important creative genre at that time，It has a greater impact on the development of Buddhist art in my country and the evolution of painting at that time。According to research，The use of the line is a significant feature of the "Yu Xun Painting School"，It often leads the shape of the line with lines，Very full and full，Usage and convex dyeing method and "flexion plate" line drawing method。It is worth noting that，bet365 live casino games We can experience the rich information it contains from the early styling language of the "Yu Xun Painting School"，Exploring how it is influenced by the two -way influence of Pantra culture and the Central Plains civilization，Then it develops into a regional culture and art form that is both inclusive and innovative。"Yu Xun Painting School" is popular in the painting altar of the Tang Dynasty，Not only with Central Plains，and the formation of the art system of Dunhuang and Tibetan Buddhist modeling art system also has a profound source。

Sui and Tang dynasties，The exchanges between the Western Regions and the Central Plains are becoming more frequent，Central Plains Civilization and Buddhist culture communicate with each other、Crane fusion，Make "Yu Xun Painting School" more tolerant，It also highlights the characteristics of the form of diverse artistic forms of things。The representative figure of the "Yu Qi Painting School" Wei Chiba Yiche and the father and son of the monk of Wei Chi，Bringing the technique of painting in the Buddhist painting to the Central Plains。At the same time，Central Plains monks in the process of seeking law in the west，also brought Central Plains Culture to 阗，Greatly enriched the art and culture of paintings in painting。From the "Yu Xun Painting School" will combine the art form in the 阗 阗，Interaction in culture and art，It can be seen that in the Wei and Jin dynasties from the Sui and Tang dynasties, Yu Xun and Central Plains were in cultural mutual learning、National Fusion、The characteristics of the times in the aspect of art blending。

Except for painting，Yu 阗 in sculpture、Music、Dance art and other aspects also have deep accomplishments，and have a broad impact on the Central Plains。If the Buddhist Site Museum of Damagou is displayed with a very ancient traditional pop -up instrument — Pipa，It was unearthed near Xiaofo Temple，It is a good preservation of China at present、The extremely rare physical pipa instrument。According to research，The era of this wooden pipa should be before the Tang Dynasty。At the same time，The Hetian area where Dama Gou is located Bet365 app download has also unearthed a large number of pottery tablets such as pipa and other musical instruments、pottery figurines and other musical instruments。This fully reflects in the long -term cultural exchanges and national integration of 阗 and Central Plains，Yu 阗 阗、Dance art and other deep depths，Showing the colorful and swaying of the music and art。Xuan Zang believes in the "Datang Western Regions"，Yu Xun "Guoshang Music，Good song and dance "。Here is the attitude of Yu 阗 overall to music，and its form and tradition in music and art。From the historical point of view，The two Han Dynasty，There are exchanges with the Central Plains in the Western Region，Yu 阗 Music has also been introduced into the Central Plains earlier。Especially since Emperor Hanwu，Sending envoys to the western region many times，A large amount of instruments are introduced from the Western Regions，Injecting new sound rhythm into Chinese classical music，greatly enriched China's music style，Promoting the development of Chinese music culture。to the Sui and Tang Dynasties，From the court to the folks, the trend of advocating the Western Music and Dance。According to the music and dance "Seven Music" and "Nine Music" contained in "Sui Shu · Music"，About Xiliang Department，The song has "Yongshi"、Solution "Wanshifeng"、Dance music "Yu Xun Buddhism"，It can be seen，The trend of national integration is more obvious，Yu Yuewu, who merged Buddhist and music art, is more popular in Middle -earth，and hold a higher status。The Tang Dynasty poet Wang Jian was in "Liangzhou Xing"，"Luoyang Family Learning Hu Le" depicts the scene of the national integration at that time，That is，and then become an important part of Chinese music culture。

To sum up，Analysis of issues related to Buddhist cultural sites of Damagou，Research on Buddhist culture of the ancient Western Regions、Evolution of Art and Culture History、Interpretation of History and Civilization of the Western Regions，and the explore of the interaction and blending of Yu Yan on the Silk bet365 live casino games Road and the Central Plains civilization is important。The long -term unified tradition of Chinese civilization，Diverse integration、Unity of unity and concentration。Chinese civilization is exactly due to diversity，For a long time due to integration。To some extent，Xinjiang Damou Buddhist Cultural Site represented by Xiaofo Temple as the historical context for deep understanding of the formation and development of Chinese civilization，Promoting the study of Chinese civilization exploration source、Eastern and Western Cultural Exchange and Mutual Learning on the Silk Road，and major topics such as the evolution pattern of Chinese civilization provides rich physical examples。

　(Author is an associate researcher at the Institute of Philosophy of Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences)