Drama exchanges between different cultures have been uncommon since ancient times，The academic research of such drama phenomena is also historically long，But "intercultural theater" as a new theoretical term，"Research on Cross -Cultural Drama" as an active subject field，First appeared in the Western World in the 1970s and 1980s。For the past 20 years，Cross -cultural drama research drifting across the ocean to the sea，New hotspots in Chinese academic circles quickly，and in the collision with Chinese drama practice，Gradually formed branches with Chinese characteristics- "Research on the Research on Opera of Western Drama"。But，Cross -cultural drama scholars in China and foreign colleagues talked to the Meidia of Yu opera、Hamlet of Peking Opera、Macbeth of Kun opera、Haida of Yue Opera，Congratulations to the applause they got on various international drama festivals，and hope to represent Chinese drama participation in worldwide drama dialogue，Domestic doubts are also endless。Why do people question? Why does the question come from?，The practice and research of Chinese drama can provide a Chinese path that is sufficient to reflect and supplement its own cultural subjectivity for "cross -cultural drama research" from Europe and the United States? These problems need to be discussed in depth。

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In the 1970s and 1980s, it was descended，A batch of European and American drama directors，If Peter Brook, Britain、Eugene Balba、Ariana Mnoskin, France，Created a lot of sucking Asia、Africa and Latin American drama traditional pioneer drama。Under the stimulation of this experimental drama，The theory and research of cross -cultural drama came into being，Representatives are in the United States Richard Shekner、Patris Paver in France、Ellic Fisher-Lehit, Germany。Although in terms of the drama form，These pioneers are full of "Strange Style of the East"，The combination of heterogeneous cultural factors is not enough to seem not so harmonious，bet365 best casino games But the directors claim that they want to express a "universal human experience" through them，and scholars have also looked forward to the "productive" of such cross -cultural dramas，Cross -cultural misappropriation of mutual misappropriation between the West and the East created a "universal drama language"，It indicates that a "world culture" based on equality and respect。

The above -mentioned cross -cultural drama practice and research that has been marked with the historical context to advertise pure art，It was quickly criticized。Indian scholar Lason Baruka and other severe refutation，Drama exchanges between civilization have never been equal，The so -called "cross -cultural drama" of European and American scholars is actually just Western self -projection，The position of Western centralism is hidden behind it。He accused Peter Brook's masterpiece "Capricorn" based on the famous masterpiece of Indian epic，Indian epic as a story similar to ancient Greece or Shakespeare，Twist at random、I offended Indian Culture，Is a brutal oriental behavior。

Actually, it's not just Western scholars，There are also Western scholars who have raised a lot of criticisms for this。British scholar John Brown has criticized the mutual misappropriation of this kind of east -west drama as a cultural consumption.，"The result is nothing more than the decoration of strange clothes"，Any culture has lost vitality among them。Even one of the founders of cross -cultural drama research、German scholar Li Hete also reflected on the theory of "Cross -Cultural Drama" he participated in the construction。She said，In the ideal drama practice，between culture and culture should be me among you、I have your interweaving status，and cross -cultural mention rules preset Western and non -West、The boundary between the self and others，quite contradictory hidden the conflict between culture and the relationship between power。For this，Li Hete proposed that the concept of "acting cultural interweaving" with more dynamic and dynamic inter -cultural interdependence relationships was proposed，The word "cross -cultural" based on the dual opposition of the East and the West is replaced。similar to it，American Chinese scholar Tian Min also advocates Bet365 app download using "mutual culture" to replace "cross -culture"，Emphasized multiple interaction。Since the 21st century，With the ethnic minorities、Non -Western -dominated more wide and more diverse drama practice，"Cross -Cultural Drama" is used although it is used for habits，But its connotation and extension are in the process of continuous enrichment and correction。

Of course，From the source point of view，Cross -cultural drama research is the accompanying creature of Western modernist pioneer experimental drama。From the perspective of many researchers，Use the formal elements of the East to interpret Western text or use Western form elements to interpret the experimental drama of Oriental text，and the pioneer drama with a strong conflict between the conflict between the cultural factor is not fully co -med，It is still the most typical cross -cultural drama form，And this habitual view later also had an important impact on the selection of Chinese cross -cultural drama research。

　Theoretical travel to China

Starting in the late 1990s，The practice and research of cross -cultural drama in Europe and the United States introduced to China through study abroad or scholars who have the background of foreign language disciplines，Research and integrated research and intersection with the original "comparative drama" in China，Between the two, there are both cross，Each also focuses on。In summary，The extension of more drama research is relatively broad，It mainly includes a parallel comparative study of different drama traditions、Use the concept of western drama aesthetics to explain Chinese opera、Translation and performance research of foreign drama、Classical opera text The spread and influence research abroad、Adaptation of foreign drama in modern opera。

and cross -cultural drama research inherits its European and American blood margins，Narrow extension，Main attention to drama practice with multiple cultural factor，Especially those cultural mixing works similar to Western pioneer experimental drama with more obvious drama。Generally there are two types of: one category with the research objects of the Western academic community，That is the oriental theme created Bet365 lotto review by Westerners or the drama research of oriental elements，For example, the script and performance of American Chinese writer Huang Zhelun's "Butterfly Jun"; the other is "Research on Western Classic Opera Adactions"，More popular cases are Peking Opera and Kun opera performances Shakespeare Classic、Hebei Xunzi Performing Ancient Greek Tragedy、Vietnamese Drama Interpretation Yibusheng Drama, etc.。Because the latter form is unique to China，And the fundamental idea and method is also connected with across European and American pioneer experiments，Therefore, it has become logically in the research of Chinese cross -cultural drama，One category of interest and resonance of European and American academic colleagues。

The above -mentioned Chinese cross -cultural drama research is the director、Actor、Performance、Text and other aspects, start with multiple aspects，More combined with the latest global theory in the West、Gender theory, etc.，It seems to be unique in your own small world，But once placed in a larger drama practice and research space，But each has its own embarrassment。The object of the first type of research is the object of attention of Western scholars，The research method is also basically the same，It is unfamiliar with Chinese audiences and has nothing to do with，For the study of the European and American academic circles, it is only an increase in quantity。The second category staged a paradox of "Flower in the Wall"。The intriguing thing is，Many of these dramatic works adapted from Western classic are tailor -made for international drama，It is also very suitable for fucking European and American theories，Once you return to the Chinese Theater, you know that there are few sounds，After a few rounds of performances, the high cabinet。Some critics think，Although they are named Peking Opera、Kun opera、Yue Opera, etc.，But the script structure of most of the repertoire、Stage scheduling and other framework elements，In fact, it is more like a Western drama performed by arias and programs，or the Oriental version of Western Pioneer Drama。

　A possible Chinese path

So，The mainstream and classic of contemporary opera in the eyes of Chinese audiences，Can you not use the perspective of cross -cultural drama research to analyze and discuss it? Can the Chinese bet365 live casino games be unable to provide a correction and supplementary thinking for cross -cultural drama research that can better reflect the subjectivity and can to a certain extent?。The style of cross -cultural drama is ever -changing，Can't just use the earliest batch of Western pioneer experimental dramas as selection standards。In fact，Compared with the strong interpretation of the cultural mix of "performance in the Western Opera"，There are also some forms of drama forms in Chinese opera cross -cultural attributes are relatively hidden and endless。They are often famous for "classical" or "traditional"，But it is actually a cross -cultural product。Yi Yanzhi，Multi -cultural factors are combined with them as salt into water，The completion of culturalization is also higher，More importantly，They have also gained applause from exotic，At the same time, it is the classic mainstream and of course representatives on the Chinese stage。

For example，The mainstream Peking Opera represented by Mei Lanfang。As some scholars have revealed，Peking opera is actually a modern drama that matures in the late Qing Dynasty，Performance、Scenery、Clothing and other aspects have already possessed modernity and cross -cultural characteristics to varying degrees。Especially Mei Lanfang’s Peking Opera Art，There is a clear interaction relationship between Japan and the modern drama of Europe and the United States，It can be used as a case of cross -cultural drama。Another example，Mainstream Vietnam Drama matured in Shanghai during the Republic of China，Represents the long -performing classic works such as "Dream of Red Mansions" and "Liang Zhu" as representative。As a modern opera，Yue Opera in the subject type、The script structure、Foot color system、Performance method、Editing Relationship、Music singing、Stage shape、Clothing Box Makeup、Audience composition, etc.，All are different from ancient Chinese opera forms。This is not only the product of cross -cultural，And the treatment of multicultural elements is also more complete，During the continuous "trial and error" process，Beyond the so -called "drama plus singing" stage。

According to the author's research and thinking bet365 best casino games in the past 20 years，Similar Peking Opera、Modern mainstream operas like Yue Opera，Different from the experimental nature characterized by cultural hybrids，They usually rarely pinch the heresy factors directly，Instead of inspired by some kind of heterogeneous culture，Back to your own cultural traditions to find similar traditions that are connected but ignored，Then, with the assistance of the latter，Metromage the foreign concept with your own consistent characteristics，Therefore, the update is completed but there will be no abrupt rejection。Take the more familiar Yue opera for the author。For example，The director of the Yue opera first copied the scandal system of Western drama in the script，After the performance, it was found that such a narrative and performance expertise that was not convenient to play the freedom of opera space and space，In order to retain both the freedom of time and space, and make good use of the advantages of the screening system to change the scene，Then draw inspiration from the deleted play in the late Kun opera performance，Gradually explore a modern opera division system that combines the segmentation and the advantages of the screening system。Another example，The director of Yue opera wants to learn the style of the naturalism of Western drama，First, just move the costumes in ancient people's life according to the realistic thinking，After discovering that removing water sleeves, etc., it will cause many figures to be useless，It is changed to draw nutrition from ancient paintings，Gradually invented a new drama system with both historic and stylized style。Also like，Vietnamese drama is inspired by the actor's performance in actors' performances，But after applying it directly, I found that the four methods and five methods cannot be played，Then the traditional departure of the segments of the small expression and the inner activity of the kunxi opera，Finally, the motion of psychological reality and programming into one。

It is not difficult to see from the case above，In the cross -cultural context of modern China，Foreign cultural pressure，Many opera artists and directors have played huge energy，Nothing to stick to constant，There is no food to eat，Many bet365 Play online games valuable creations have been made in culture。Compared with the explicit cross -cultural characteristics of the western pioneer drama culture that is not very harmonious，The cultural combination of these modern dramas is deeper，It is also better to reflect the possibility of cultural integration of interwoven realization，Therefore, it provides a remarkable Chinese path for cross -cultural drama research。If we can give a detailed analysis of the process of its combination，and properly theoreticalization，I believe that the research of cross -cultural drama derived from the West constitutes a useful supplement and correction，Then form a Chinese path that has both academic significance and practical value。

(Author Unit: Institute of Foreign Literature of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)