1903，Two volumes of Zhou Guisheng's translation of "Xinyu Harmony Translation" Publishing，Volume 1 is the translation of the festival of "Fantastic Night Tan"，Volume 2 is translated from "Isso Fables", "Green Fairy" and "Haofu Fairy Tale"。"Green Fairy" selected as many as 12 fairy tales of Green。From now on，The name of the fairy tales spread in my country。1908，Sun Yuxiu planned and edited the "Fairy Tale Series"，Refers to re -creation in Western European fairy tale legends such as "The Fifty anecdotes of Thai West" (American writer Bowerwin)，I wrote fairy tales such as "Cat -free Country" and "Thumb"，It is hailed by Mao Dun as "the ancestor of the Kaishan Ancestor in China" ("The Complete Works of Mao Dun" Volume 34)。1909，The first episode of the "Outreach Novel Collection" translated and published in the Zhou family，Included the fairy tale "Prince Anle" of the 19th century Ireland (then ruled by British) writer Wang Eltra。September of the same year，Denmark Andan (Andersen )'s fairy tales "Huami of Meros" (translated "Rose on the Tomb of Homer") was included in the second episode of "Outside Novel Collection"，This is also the first time Andersen's name has been mentioned by Chinese writers。From 1912，Zhou Zuoren eagerly carried out the interpretation and research of "children's problems" and "fairy tale"，Translated with Andersen's fairy tales "Princess"，Write "Danish Poet An Daner Ran Biography"，Published "Call for the Fairy Tale of Shaoxing Pediatric Restaurant Fairy Tale"，Stimulate writers to work in the barren children's literature garden。Ye Shengtao, who loves literature, has a deeper perception of "children's problems" and "fairy tale"，Between 1921 and 1922，He created the first fairy tale "Scarecrow" in the history of Chinese children's literature，opened its own creative road for Chinese fairy tales。

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spring 1912，After graduating from Ye Shengtao Middle School, I went to a primary school (Yanzi Temple Primary School) in Suzhou City after graduating from Middle School，From the bet365 live casino games beginning of him on the podium，The purpose of identifying education is "educating people"，Taking "Make mellow and childish exhibition" as the joy of life。He focused on this concept in his "self -cultivation class" teaching，Topics such as "diligence", "self -reliance", "shame", and "patriotism" given to children，"Children's Literature" that can be called oral creation，Sometimes it also teaches Chinese and foreign masterpieces:

Lesson II，Speaking of "Independence"，To describe Rubin Sun Jue Island Drift，Zhu Sheng's laughing mouth is salty。I heard nothing，Fun Miyong，Gupitong's psychology，Especially for children，Taking this convenience，language with ancient people，For Yidu Duo (June 10, 1912)。

Morning Class Slim，For the wild affairs。Difficulty of the younger and daughters encounter Shenzhou's difficulties，while saving the woman without。It is seen in a novelist's work，Fireless，Constenity love。When the enemy is not like the enemy's killing，and the hidden puppets also use the poison also。Those who listen to Guo Fuqi，Although this feelings for a while，But its effect has been (January 8, 1914)。

"Rubin Sun Jue Island Drifting", that is, "Robinson Drifting" (the earliest translation is called "Diary of the Island"，This novel of British writer Daniel Dri Fufu，Tell the protagonist Robinson's death due to the death of the sea，Drifting to Unmanned Island，and insist on living on the island，Finally return to the story of the original society where the original life live。Translator Zhou Zhen said in "Say": "my country is all enemies on all sides"，The situation is like Robinson's "alone island"。"The rise and fall of the world，blame "，Chinese must be "brave" and "love group" like Robinson，Only to create a new world of "bright"。Robinson's story makes children feel "Fun Miyong"，"Wildness" of "Children's Save" allows children to breed "love mercy"。"Slim Class" talks about fairy tales，Started on March 12, 1913 Diary:

Handmade lessons in the afternoon，Yu talks about fairy tales for instead，The language involves novelty and is happy and quiet。This is nothing but one for it，Not Near Love，Yu thinks that it is not appropriate to use language children。

Although the fairy tales bet365 Play online games at that time, "The language involved novelty"，Children "are happy and quiet"，But Ye Shengtao feels "not close to love"，"It is not advisable to use language children"。Most of the popular fairy tales that year are adapted from the legend of China、History Book、novels and foreign allegorical and fairy tales。Fairy taists are mostly blindly obey the theory of popular Western，equivalent fairy tales with "myth", "legend", "fable" and "folk story" (Shang Jinlin's "The Road to Pioneer my country's Fairy Tale ——" Scarecrow ")。Zhou Zuoren mentioned in "Discussion of Fairy Tale · One"，"The most concise world of fairy tales is‘ literature of the primitive society ’，Children's psychology "similar to the original person"，"The role of fairy tales in children's education is literature rather than morality" ("Morning News Auxiliary" January 25, 1922)。Hu Shi also believes，It is no wonder that Ye Shengtao reprimanded it as "It is not advisable to use children"。

Ye Shengtao is familiar with children，Ten years from 1912 to 1921，His successively in Suzhou Yanzi Temple Primary School、Shanghai Shanggong School、Fifth Higher Elementary School in Wu County, Wuzhi Town。The forty "Literature and Art Talk" he published in the Morning News Affiliated，Solemnly proposes that children's literature should follow the nature and instinct of children to write children。Because he is familiar with children，Experience of Children's Literature Creation，Green that has been introduced one after another、Andersen、Wang Eld's fairy tales have in -depth research (Ye Shengtao: "I and Children's Literature")，This has inspired the popularity of fairy tale creation。January 1922，"Children's World" weekly magazine edited by Zheng Zhenduo，Out of support for Zheng Zhenduo，Ye Shengtao was before the Pioneer of Children's World，Create a fairy tale in the night after night。The first "White Boat" was written on November 15, 1921，Then Ye Shengtao successively created fairy tales such as "Fool", "Swallow", "One Seed", "The Dream of the Earth" and "Fanger's Dream"。From June 1922，He wrote a total of 23 fairy tales，together to gather as "Scarecrow"，Published by the Shanghai Bet365 lotto review Commercial Press in 1923，This is the first fairy tale collection in the history of Chinese children's literature。For this fairy tale set，Zheng Zhenduo talked in the preface: This episode "is described as one aspect，There are almost no articles in the whole episode that are not successful "(" "" Sequence of "Scarecrow")。

　Fairy Tale in the Fairy Tale "Scarecrow

Fairy Tale Collection "Scarecrow" is divided into two categories: one is "beautiful fairy tale"，Beautiful、Easy、Police Police，The "child dream" in the line of the word、Naive smile、Beautiful emotion。Zang Kejia admired these "literary works that can really attract children"，Also "get adult appreciation"，"Insert eyes，It's a bit fascinated "。For example, the description of the opening of "White Boat":

A stream is a home of all kinds of lovely things。Xiao Honghua stands there，Only smile，Sometimes I also dance -beautiful dance。Green grass is dotted with dew，It seems to be a fairy's clothing，Yao people dazzling。Blue leaves on the water surface，Stand a yellow ping flower，It seems to be a water lilies in the tropical place -it can be said to be a water lilies in the villain kingdom。Little fish in groups coming and going，Thin -like embroidered needle，Only two big eyes are glittering。The frog always stares at，I don’t know what to keep there，Maybe waiting for his good friend。

The storyline of the fairy tales is in such a refreshing artistic conception。The protagonist of the story is a boy and a girl，The "small white boat" of "only assigned to the lively and beautiful child"，Play、Singing，Roaming is quiet and wonderful、Creek with infinite vitality and joy。Suddenly there is a strong wind，The white boat down the wind，Lost on a desolate wilderness in the lower reaches，Later, they encountered a terrible face、Good -hearted giant，The giant proposed that if the children can answer his three questions, they can send you home: "Why do birds sing?" "Why are flowers fragrant?" The answer is: "They are going to sing to those who love them。"" Fragrance is good，Flowers are good signs。"" Because we are pure，Only small white boats are equipped with us。"The answer to the last question can be described as deep，In the children’Bet365 lotto review s world，The white boat is a symbol of pure，Where，"Only" the word "only" highlights the child's innocence。In this fairy tale，All vitality of nature is rooted in love，"Love" and "Beauty" are the only way to survive in life，The heart of the innocent children and the ugly giant。

"Indus", "Swallow" and "Fanger's Dream" comparable to "White Boat"，Also is the verticolus of "beauty" and "love"，Cleaning the style，Acts in love，Although imagined strange，but all close to the children's imagination and emotion，Interesting。Ye Shengtao is simply a higher painter，From his unique perspective，Sensitive capture the charm of nature and the innocent dream of children，Full mobilization of the fantasy of fairy tales、Unique expression techniques such as exaggeration，The language of poetry depicts "a beautiful fairy tale life，A child's naive land "(Zheng Zhenduo's" "Sequence of" Scarecrow ")，Let children experience infinite interest from them。

Second, it melted the fairy tale of "adult sorrow"。Although "beautiful fairy tales" fits the children's curiosity，Also got the enthusiastic praise from the literary and art circles，Ke Ye Shengtao himself is not satisfied，The style changes when writing "Happy Man"。

"Happy Man" is about unreasonable things in society.，There are too many unfortunate people。But there is a "happy person"，What he sees is happy，Everyone is happy;，No fraud。Because he lives in a layer of mysterious transparent "curtain"，Can't see the truth of the outside world。Later，This layer of soap -like "curtain" was pierced by "Demon"，"Happy Man" died。Follow the concept of "mysterious and transparent curtain" along the layer，Ye Shengtao created a fairy tale "Scarecrow"。The first paragraph of "Scarecrow" wrote:

Scenery and situation during the day in the field，Some poets write it as a wonderful poem，Some painters draw it into a vivid painting。At night，The poet drank wine，A little drunk; the painter，Singing with exquisite musical instruments low; no time to come to the field。So，Who else tells people the scenery and situation in the field? have，Also，is the Scarecrow。

Ye Shengtao criticized some writers at that time to alienate the countryside，Do not pay attention to Bet365 app download observing life，The tendency of singing with personal taste，He stands out，From the perspective of "Scarecrow", this kind of scene is vivid and objective about this scene。other，There are a large number of childlike descriptions in this fairy tale，Leading the children to a novel and mysterious "fairy tale world"; and when the children step into the warm and sweet "fairy tale world" when the children are interested，What you see is a real "real world"。Fairy Tale rewritten a few painful things that "Scarecrow" encountered in a "star fighting night" one after another: "meat worm" chewed rice leaf crazy; fishermen left the sick son，Caispyfish by the river，Her son is lying in the cabin to keep coughing，Claiming to drink tea，Mother can only drink a bowl of river water for him; catfish crooked by fishermen struggle in a barrel，Seek the "Scarecrow" put it; a woman came to the river to cast a river，She is unwilling to be like her husband like "a cow，A pig "casually sells it to others，You can "There is no other way except death"。This fairy tale revealed the corner of the night，We saw the tragic scenes of rural rural areas at that time，I saw the grief and distress of intellectuals with conscience in the old China (Shang Jinlin's "The Road to Pioneer in my country —" Striker ")。

1935，Lu Xun said in "Table> · Translator's words": "" Scarecrow "is a way for Chinese fairy tales。Unexpectedly, not only has no transformation since then，and no one tracks。"In fact，Fairy Tale Collection "Scarecrow" was published，Ye Shengtao created a lot of fairy tale，Published the second fairy tale "Stone Statue of Ancient Heroes" in 1931，There are many fairy tales scattered in newspapers。These fairy tales reflect a wider social real life，Full of revealing and irony of the ruler，Critical power full of realism。Like "The Stone Statue of Ancient Heroes", "The Emperor's New Clothing", "Mimosa" is profound，With some features of the fable。But in Lu Xun's view，Fairy Tale Creation should have a higher level，He said in "Jie Ting's Essay · Reading Pictures": "Children can respect，He often thinks of the realm above the stars，Think of the situation under the ground，Thinking of the use of flowers，bet365 best casino games Thinking of the words of insects; he wants to fly into space，He wants to sneak into the ant hole ... "; in" Table "· Translator's words" emphasizes the works that show children to children should be "new", "very interesting"，Make children "New Worlds that keep changing"，"Continuously glory"。Use such a high standard to measure，Lu Xun feels that Ye Shengtao's fairy tales "have no transformation"。"Tracking" Ye Shengtao who wrote fairy tales with several writers。1932，Zhang Tianyi's fairy tale "Dalin and Kobayashi" serialized in the monthly "Beidou" monthly，Promote by the literary and art circles。In Lu Xun's view，The results of its fairy tales are still very thin。Lu Xun's enthusiastic attention and hope for fairy tale creation，Also affirmed Ye Shengtao's fairy tale creation from another side。

(Author Unit: Chinese Department of Peking University)