This newspaper comprehensive foreign media reported that David Luke, a professor at the African Research Institute of the London Institute of Political Economics in London, said，African policy makers and development partners frequently talk about the reform of private sector、International competitiveness、Investment、Employment、Life and the well -being of the people，But rarely discussed around African trade practices and partnerships。To make up for this blank，Luke studied Africa's trading partners and trade methods in the book "How to Trade in Africa"，explains how policy makers actively establish trade relations focusing on the development of Africa in the future。

Bet365 app download Luke thinks，Trade relations within Africa should not be ignored by society。Actually，Obvious differences between foreign trade in Africa and internal trade。African foreign cargo trade is mainly minerals and fossil fuel，Service trade is mainly tourism。Although internal trade only accounts for 18%of African trade，But more than 60%of trade activities have diversified characteristics。Manufacturing industry is the largest export type between African countries，45%of the total African internal trade with official records。Where，Grain exports account for 25%of the total internal trade in Africa。Luke said，There are also many trade activities that span the national border and have not been officially recorded。Informal trade flow is equivalent to 7%-16%of the formal trade flow within Africa，and most of the trade goods are food and basic consumer goods。

bet365 live casino games It is important to comply with the employment situation of Africa and trade activities for a combination。Current，Africa's investment stock is excessively concentrated in the mining industry、Metal and non -metal mining industry。but，These two types of export products are often fluctuated by extreme prices; the mining industry also invested a large amount of capital equipment，There are also fewer employment opportunities provided。On the contrary，Agricultural production、Processing、Logistics、Marketing and services require more manpower。This can be seen，Reasonably improving the trade structure will create more employment opportunities for Africa。​​Luke discovered，Many African women engage in agricultural and sideline food processing industry，and the young population is generally employed in the food manufacturing bet365 Play online games industry。So，Scholars and decision makers are studying how Africa trade affects the economy、Employment opportunities and income topics，The relationship between them and the social phenomenon reflected by the population statistics should be fully considered。

The African Continental Free Trade Zone Agreement passed in 2019，The original intention includes the common rules for African countries to abide by trade，Therefore, the huge potential of the African collective market，Reduce trade costs、Promoting trade diversification、Improve the modern trade governance system、Attract non -traditional department investors，Realizing a competitive scale economy。From Luke's view，The biggest result of the trade agreement is to provide a reliable way to achieve rapid transformation and poverty reduction for African countries，But internal and external bet365 live casino games obstacles need to be overcome to be implemented smoothly。Where，external obstacles mainly come from trade transfer。Trade transfer is not desirable，Because it focuses on the cost of production activities at a higher opportunity cost、Countries with lower relative advantages，increased the import cost and consumption expenditure of the allies，reduces the social welfare level of the allies。So，African trading partners need to provide a trade agreement，Minimize the risk of trade transfer to the minimum。other，Internal obstacles including Africa's decision makers and stakeholders can jointly promote the policy implementation of the "African Free Trade Zone Agreement"、Keep the boundary stability、Deepen cross -border trade facilitation, etc.。

Luke thinks，If African countries can overcome obstacles、Common action，You can develop new global Bet365 lotto review trade and climate rules in the early stages。Reliable sources of trade income are important for the sustainability of attracting the development of financing and maintaining debt management。A successful African Free Trade Zone will open the structural change of the African economy。

(Liu Yuwei/Compilation)