In the past two hundred years，Chinese issues at home and abroad have proposed many global "China Issues"。But sinologists abroad often cannot avoid the differences in cultural and belief.、郢 郢。Western scholars when studying China，It is easy to be trapped by its own cultural experience and intellectual experience，Proposal issues such as "lack of" lack of phenomena in China "。Modern and traditions are often reflected behind such problems、Binary Corporation of West and East，In order。Typical and great impact as "Weber's question"。Weber repeatedly proposed in books such as "Chinese Religion: Confucianism and Taoism"，Why China、Oriental society like India，Can't be in politics、Economy、Science and even the art field embark on a rational path independent outside the West? Many Bet365 lotto review important propositions of Chinese research in the international scope，You can feel the influence of Weber's thinking。For example, Yizheng can propose，Why does China be after the "Ancient Economic Revolution"，Can't achieve European -style scientific changes and organizational changes? "Confucius' question" is proposed，Why did China not develop in modern countries? Another wider and wider example is "Li Joseph's question"，That is, "Why didn't modern science appear in China" or "Why does modern science appear in the West instead of China?" but，Like Weber，"Li Joseph's question" was first generated by his concern for his society，That is "why modern sciences relative to ancient and medieval can only develop in the West"。

If "Li Joseph's question" is observed as the research object of Chinese knowledge history，We can better understand the context caused by these problems，and look at them with a more tolerant knowledge。

First，"Li Joseph's question" does not constitute an alien prejudice because the proposal is the British。bet365 best casino games Li Joseph also shouted loudly: "It is modern science! Not Western science!" His thinking about the lagging of Chinese scientific development in the early 1940s came to China for the first time in the early 1940s。Actually，Before him，Including Liang Qichao、Ren Hongyi、Feng Youlan and others discussed how Chinese science was underdeveloped，I hope to clear the obstacles for the country's road to the rich and strong。The major propositions of Chinese learning should have the connotation of local knowledge to global knowledge。

Second，"Li Joseph's question" that is often ignored by others is，Why between the 1st century and the 15th century AD，"In terms of applying human natural knowledge to human actual needs，Chinese civilization is much more effective than Western civilization "。In the article "Evolution of World Science -The role of Europe and China"，Li Joseph also proposed，In the process of communication between advanced and backward, it can be precipitated: "transcendence" and "fusion": before the 16th bet365 Play online games century，It is mainly the east surpassing the West and nourishing the western science，Then it is Western beyond the East，Scientific knowledge is gradually combined with the form of oriental society，Promoting new fusion。Lee Joseph's thinking reveals us，Putting Chinese scholars' questions in comparative civilization、Framework of Global History to study，then you can have a mind limit under the perspective of a one -way research perspective。

Observe China from the perspective of the world，Observe the world from the perspective of China，Not only does it affect the perspective of research ideas and even the angle of the question。Wang Guobin, a representative of the California School, advocated the "mutual subject" comparison research method in "The Transition China: Historical Change and the limitations of European experience"，"On the one hand, use European experience to evaluate what happened in China，On the other hand, use Chinese experience to evaluate Europe "。These voices from the Western academic circles represent Bet365 lotto review a new research trend in the field of overseas Chinese studies in recent years，Thinking the world with China，But it is by no means replacing universality with special characteristics。

Last，"Li Joseph's question" and other Chinese learning propositions，Hidden the world's expectations for China。Chinese intellectuals who are overseas often deeply feel this kind of expectations。The development in China is not enough to meet these expectations，They will produce anxiety from responsibility。Typical examples are from the "overseas study Chinese issue without reading Chinese books" proposed by Chinese Chinese scholars in India。What I raised earlier was Zhang Guangzhi, a Chinese archeologist in the United States: "Why did it be in academic research in the 20th century，China's potential for general contributions to humanities and social sciences cannot be played at all? "" Ask Tan Zhongzhi "and" Zhang Guangzhi's question "is valuable，Not only in the depth and sharpness of the problem itself，The value orientation bet365 Play online games of the nationalist emotion and the development of human civilization behind the problem。The above problems and the value connotation reflected in the above school are also worthy of repeated considerations when studying overseas Chinese studies。

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(the author is a researcher at the International Chinese Academic Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)