The saying of "four keys" in the historical world，That is the age、Geography、Officer、Catalog。Where，"Officer" is particularly complicated，Levenge to be extensive。As far as the sorting of ancient "officials" was concerned，Qing people Huang Benzheng once edited the book "Table of Passengers"。With the development of modern academic research，History research in various fields has gradually moved towards the interrogation、Refined track。The Qin and Han dynasties and Qin and Han officials have important significance in the entire ancient Chinese history，In the modern academic sense, the historical history of the official system "The Draft of the History of the Qin and Han Dynasty" was born。

"Draft of the History of the Qin and Han Draft" was completed by the two Mr. An Zuoyu of Shandong Normal University and the Kumaki Tieji of Huazhong Normal University in the early 1980s。The work is divided、The next two volumes，A total of more than 700,000 words，As of now, it is still the history of the Qin and Han dynasties、Essential reference book for system history research。The quality of the work and the spirit of cooperation in creation have always been called by the academic community，Known as a model in historic cooperation。You can understand the contact letter from the two Mr. when you cooperate with，The preliminary preparation of cooperation is more complicated、tortuous，The entire process of writing after clarifying the goal is smooth。

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The cooperation between An Zhaoyu and Kuman Citroba started in 1980.。An、Bears met for the first time，But at first sight，The cooperation intention will be taken as soon as it is shot。Afterwards, I ran to this matter，Bet365 lotto review Find more suitable candidates to form a solid writing team。Bear Tieji returned to Wuhan after the meeting is in the letter to An Zuoyu，That is, the earliest letter (November 17), what you see at present (November 17), the first mention of the role positioning of the two in the cooperation。For various reasons，It is difficult for others to invite，Only decided to cooperate by the two。In a letter on December 26，Mr. Xiong again revealed his advantages and problems:

I think it is not as good as the two of us to do，Perhaps it will save some，Of course it is mainly you。We don't have to be polite (I can tell you truthfully，Using the current saying of "growing long and avoiding weaknesses，My only strength is to be able to make a point of view on some issues，Fast work，And time is also guaranteed，Nothing too much miscellaneous privileges，I don’t plan to do something else，If you follow you，It can be said to go all out in scientific research)。The biggest weakness is that there is no foundation，You can only learn while drying，So you can only take you as the main，Complete the task with your guidance and help。(This is true，Not polite)。

Xiong Tieji also mentioned "If you agree with this idea，And think that I can be an assistant "He will" help you do this "and so on。To show trust，Xiong Tieji frankly attached Mr. Ning Ke's reply to the "cooperation": "Comrade An Zhaoyu is a strong man，He learns simple，is a decent person，Your cooperation must have good results "(I would rather be written on December 22)。Mr. Zhongan also showed his heart in the reply，Calculating Kumie Tieki "Ancient Road Hot Intestine，Hepatobiliary photos，I already have some understanding。Let's letter today，Confirm my original impression "(January 4, 1981)。A simple decent、A positive frank rate，Trust the two of them、Hold each other，There are better word of mouth in the academic community，The foundation laid the foundation for the success of the intention of cooperation and the smooth advancement bet365 best casino games of future cooperation。"As an assistant"，Not just the self -confidence of Kumhine，In fact, he was in his professional "congenital insufficiency，Dislatable self -knowledge，I hope "learn while doing" to make up for shortcomings。At that time, Mr. An had been working in the field of Qin and Han Dynasty.，Foundation is firm，It deserves to be a helm。This division of labor is a natural and reasonable arrangement of academic accumulation。

　　Flowing in Outline Writing

After deciding cooperation，The focus they discussed turned to the formulation form and outline of the manuscript writing，The characteristics of the new work through the outline are the core question。In a letter on January 4, 1981，Given the strengths of Mr. Xiong's positive thinking，Mr. An hopes that Mr. Xiong will prepare an outline for writing。In order to show a positive attitude，Mr. Xiong immediately considers the outline after receiving the letter and said that it will be won by stability。Writing outline，I think the shelf is okay，But there are some problems worth further research。I have not received a reply in the past three months，April，Mr. Xiong went to the question about the outline，I hope Mr. You An will set an outline early，His good job。Mr. An replied in a more detailed modification instructions on the importance and content of the chapter，and expressed the hope that Kumin Iron Foundation will write another detailed outline that includes fine eyes，Because with detail，can highlight the characteristics。Kedie Tieji under the suggestion of the history of the history of the Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties，Considering the concerns of "lecture and genre" repeatedly，Two people discuss the system and outline problem again。

No clear opinion of An Zuoyu，Xiong Tieji is not sure of the outline of his own outline。and the reply from April 28, Mr. An is relatively cautious，He believes that the system must be considered when formulating out an outline、Comprehensive、Detailed，bet365 live casino games At the same time, you must consider the characteristics，Proposed four principles written by outline。He still asked Kuman Citrine to drag an outline first，At least one reciprocity was required before the holidays of the Qin and Han history conferences。May 22，An Zhaoyu received Lin Jianmingxin，Among them, he is writing a book of Qin and Han History，An Zhaoyu feels the situation urgent，The idea has changed，Actively ask the outline editor writing，I hope to write about writing as soon as possible。

May 27，Xiong Tieji believes that it can be done immediately，Put forward a chapter writing allocation plan。An Zhaoyu replied in the letter to agree to write immediately，Clear chapter division of labor and weight of each chapter，and hope that I will still send a detailed outline from Kumtechia recently。June 8，Xiong Tieji Back letter said that it is not clear about the details of Mr. An's outline，and in detail the outline and preliminary ideas written in accordance with the four principles。June 12，Mr. An feedback the amendments to the outline of the relevant chapter written by Kumota Citrus。

So far，Outline problem has been basically solved。During the outline of the outline，Their division of labor is also very clear，Generally written by Mr. Xiong，Modified by Mr. An An、Get off。

　　The generation method of the "History of the Qin and Han official system"

In the outline formulation，This "you write me to change" mode is implemented in subsequent writing: the relevant information sent by An Zuoyu，Xiong Tieji finished the first draft and quickly sent to An Zuoyu，An Zhaoyu put forward a modification opinion and then returned to Xiong Tieki。Day after day，Endless exchanges，This is called "flowing operation" by Mr. An。

In the letter of the division of labor on April 24th，Mr. Xiong mentioned the idea of ​​crossing some chapters，In order to ensure the quality of the Western Han Dynasty that he is responsible for，I hope to take "I write a first draft per chapter，Please modify，Method of comments, etc.Bet365 app download 。May 27，The letter written by Xiong Tieji continued this idea，Related chapters are rewritten by the previous results of Bear Iron Fen to use the preliminary results of the two，Try to write a section, two or chapters before and after the meeting of the Qin and Han dynasties, and give it to Mr. An for review。

The "Draft of the History of the Qin and Han Dynasty" after the official start writing is relatively smooth，The style of writing and the quality of the work are also guaranteed，This is exactly the result of the "flowing operation" method that was initially determined when the outline was used。The writing basis of "The History of the Qin and Han officials" is that Xiong Tieji and An Zuoyu have 100,000 words of Qin Dynasty official history and 200,000 words of Han Dynasty official history.。In a letter on December 26, 1981，The basic principle of Kumili mentioned that the basic principle of writing is，Combining the two manuscripts of Qin and Han，Supplement and expand on the original basis。Writing is based on the way Mr. Xiong wrote the first draft and Mr. An modified，Write a chapter to change a chapter，Repeated round trip。This method has continued until the final revision stage of the manuscript。

During the writing of the manuscript，The two also assumed the writing review of the historical dictionary resignation、Reconstruction task，Except for trial、Reading part of the resignation is not counted，Only they bear the writing、Modified official system、There are more than 300 laws in the law。In order to make the Bear Iron Foundation concentrated on the preliminary draft，An Zhaoyu should start with the matter，It took a lot of time。This work just comes to an end，He immediately revised the manuscript sent by Bear Tie Found，Until the end of 1982 "The Historical Manuscript of the Qin and Han Dynasty" was initially completed，1983 Publishing House，Published in 1984。The binding draft was brought to Huazhong Normal University in September 1983 by An Zhaoyu's graduate student，It is now stored in Mr. Xiong’s hands。

At the same time of the Bet365 lotto review revised draft of the previous volume，The writing of the following volume is also being performed，still adopts the method of "running water operation"。May 31, 1983，The letter An Zhaoyu wrote to the Xiong Tieji:

According to our original plan，It is in October of this year to bring the next book manuscript to Qilu Shu Club，Fighting 1983、Qi Qi in 1984。Now it can be achieved at all。My opinion is when we have recently held a dictionary fixed manuscript for the recent or summer vacation，You send me the modified manuscripts，How much is there，Flowing operation，You will continue to write down，I started to modify it while I was，Flowing operation，At the end of the year，At the end of the first quarter of next year (March)，Put the second、Three edits are finished。Although I have a class for the next semester，Also must squeeze time to do it (including seeing the school -like school)。After the completion of all，I also need to use the remaining time or summer vacation in the first half of next year，Certificate of review again，Including aftercare work。(After the first draft，The time to modify the fixed manuscript is often very long，Therefore, the work is the most detailed，It is also the most cumbersome。but but，If you are a unified symbol，I don’t know how much time spent)。This，Until late Our manuscript can be published before the start of school in the second half of next year。Of course，The earlier the better，The faster the better。

The reason why I think about it this way，Not only does it guarantee time speed problem，It also involves the quality of the manuscript。Your strength is thinking agile、Courage to innovate、The pen is faster; but somewhat extensive，Not stable enough。My shortcomings are slow thoughts，Like conservative，Slow pen; but strive to be cautious、Fine、stable，No or less misunderstanding。Our two cooperate，One first, one after the first，You can avoid strengths and avoid weaknesses，can speed up speed，Can guarantee Bet365 lotto review quality。At first glance, we were as good at first sight，That is, you push your heart and put your abdomen，If I have an improper or consider not around，Please point out，Let's discuss again。In short，We want to start good and end，Can't let people see our jokes。

This method of "running water operation" is easy to make use of their respective advantages，Avoiding the strength to avoid weaknesses，It also guarantees the progress and quality of the next volume。The next volume was successfully published in 1985。

The good story of the cooperation of "History of the Qin and Han official system" has become a very meaningful history。

(Author Unit: School of History and Culture, Huazhong Normal University)