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■ 溥 侗 calligraphy and painting works   Author/Figure Figure

溥 侗 (1876-1950)，It is the son of Daoguang Chang Sun Zaizhi，Fengfu Guogong。He lives in Xizhi Garden, Beijing Xizhi (now Beida Farm)，The old name is "Xiyuan";，Domestic "Red Bean Museum Lord"。He has been reading in the study since he was a child，Accept the highest specification education with Guangxu。溥 traditional literature，Learn no portal，Bo Cato Chief，Painting and Calligraphy Drama、Ceremony 律 律、Cultural Relics Appreciation，Nothing，Concentration of Classical Art of Classical Art。

　　Miseration granting art is unique

After the New Culture Movement，In Cai Yuanpei、Wang Guowei and others advocate，Aesthetic Education Fang Fangyi。Given that Tsinghua Western Literature and Art Course and amateur activities have been rich，The school believes that "the project of the national cultural heritage should be added，Do not forget the original and promote it，Mr. Nai Yanxi West Garden came to school. "。1930，Recommended by Professor Ye Gongchao，Tsinghua President Luo Jialun Po Ge hired 溥 侗 侗 侗 侗。At that time，Tsinghua Tsinghua enjoys the "mentor". Only Liang Qichao、Wang Guowei、Chen Yinque、Zhao Yuanren、Yellow Festival、Fu Zengxiang and other Chinese masters。

Earlier year，When you are still asking for teaching, please teach，"Tsinghua University Journal" can't wait to report the progress of the matter。Just hired，School magazines are serialized three -phase period Welcome to the text，The feeling of surprise and respect overflows the words，and stated the eager expectations of him: "Not only do you want to learn to sing two sentences‘ Liangchen ’s beautiful scenery，Who's home is enough，Our biggest hope is: Due to the guidance of Mr. Pu，We will really enter the life of art every day，Full Garden atmosphere，or it will change the one。”

bet365 live casino games Proof of facts，溥 溥 With profound artistic accomplishments, the expectations of Tsinghua teachers and students in the humanistic atmosphere。He opened Kunqu Class in Tsinghua、Chinese painting class and national music class，All are elective courses for the whole school enrollment。溥 溥 400 yuan in a monthly salary in Tsinghua，He took out 100 yuan from it to ask for teaching assistant and fluters，To enhance the teaching effect。溥 以 己 己 己，Emphasizing that he is teaching "preaching"，instead of "鬻 鬻"，Its eclectic enrollment principles、The concept of training without teaching，It is in line with the "general education" advocated by Mei Yiqi。

Although the name is full of the world，but not playing a shelf，Honesty。He does not limit whether the student has the foundation，But the attitude of the selection of the courses is serious，Just as he requires himself when he is learning。His lecture in the afternoon，Rush from the city in the morning，Never absent，Students are not lacking in class。His teaching at a glance，Very serious，Positive sound to students、Bite word、Tairong and other specifications，Person by one by one，Strict requirements。Dedicated dedication，Strict academic，Get the unanimous praise from the whole school。School magazines and off -campus newspapers are often followed up and reported reports，Called him tirelessly，Following good temptation，Teachers and students' feelings are harmonious。He believes that "only the scholars can do their best"，Very appreciate Tsinghua students diligently and enlightenment，Speaking of its "virtual education，I have never had it "，Putting high expectations。

After coaching the two semesters of coaching，The front page of the school journal summarizes Kunqu、National Le of the National Le of the two class，Commending its teaching achievements: "Kunquan Class has been established since the establishment of last semester，Work very quickly。As of the end of this semester，Just one year，The results are considerable。Chinese music Bet365 lotto review class is added this semester，There are also amazing results。"The characteristics of the granting class are distinctive，Practice combined theory，Sing with a large amount of lyrics、The practice of "Poetry and Dance" such as instrument performance is mainly based on，Supplemented by opera organizations、National History and History of National Le structure、Principles Category Topics，Let the students' scenarios in -depth grasp the spirit of national art。

■ "Red Bean Pavilion Shooting the Calligraphy Restaurant"

　　Education in parallel order order

The order of the Kunqus of the Dai Daijiao is orderly，Taking the song in thirty or fifty times to get the flute，Alumni back to the Fang Education Performance，I have taught "Peony Pavilion", "Changsheng Hall" and "Jade's Ji Ji".。He also teaches Gu Yun chanting Tang and Song Ci，such as Li Bai's "Qingping Tones"、Li Yu's "Lang Tao Sand", "One Dendrial Pearl"、Su Shi "Drunk Man"、Wu Wenying's "Faquan Xianyin" and other "Guangling San" eternal singing。He is in the national music class，The song card has taught "Jin Tingle", "Bian Makeup", "Celebrating God Huan", "To Spring", etc.。Music instruments Teach flute、Sheng、Qin、Erhu、Gongs and Drums Various Instruments，Especially the ancient music "Beijing Ten Fan"，Has made students proficiently performing classic tracks。Some of the above -mentioned music manuscripts income "Red Bean Museum Taking the Calligraphy Heritage"，Published by the Business Press in 2012。

early 1931，Kunqu Class's second phase starts，Add a lot of zero basic students。溥 to keep them keeping the course progress，Arrange teaching assistants from the head，Step practice，Do not cause outdated，After that, the freshmen will be handled by this。When he taught pipa，I suggest ask Liu Tianhua to teach school，Cycling its illness，Therefore, it did not work。溥 侗 also bring students into the city to observe the concert，Please demonstrate the industry experts for students，To develop students' vision，Improve the level of national music。His teaching method bet365 best casino games for teaching according to his aptitude allows more students to come into contact with national music，Promoting the spread of traditional music in Tsinghua。

溥 开 自，Let's start with learning painting procedures。He said that three years of orchids 1 Life Bamboo，Therefore, you can get started from drawing orchid，But this does not mean that painting orchid is easy。Covering those may not get its god，Those who get their god may not be able to high products，This is the work of the painter。Then choose a paper pen, pen, pen, and pens method，Requires to hold a pen with a big case，The pen pole is straight and not lying，wrist virtual suspension，Dralan bamboo should not avoid "praying belly" and "nail head" and other bad habits。The whole picture of the national art is as complete as possible，Make Tsinghua Student Student Systematic understanding traditional culture。

　　Evil Show Wonderful

溥 溥，Passionate to participate in the entertainment meeting，Active opera atmosphere of Tsinghua Garden。The "Old Drama Study Agency" established when he first entered school，from its guidance to the Tsinghua Opera Club with the most people at that time。Tsinghua has a school celebration、The practice of anniversary performance of the year and other commemorative days，He sleeps and forgets to eat、Loying to rehearse programs for teachers and students on the basis of teaching content，Common Pink Ink debut，All received warm welcome to the audience。At the Tsinghua New Year Concert at the end of 1930，溥 侗 侗。The audience commented on his "work qi school，Prepare great wonder，The viewer none sighs "。Pujiang Qing wrote in the diary: "Xunxi Garden decorated Zhou Yu，A figure stable and sophisticated，Single sixty -year -old man singing a nun，Shang Yingzi Xiongfa also。”

溥 侗 侗，When he performed in the Tsinghua auditorium，Many people make a special trip from Tianjin、Hebei、Shandong and other places to watch。His voice of "clouds cover the moon" is mellow and magnificent，You can hear clearly at the door of the building。The audience still remembers Bet365 lotto review it after many years: 溥，Lingyun，Lingyun，Sadness and anger，Make the audience amazing，Can't get rid of it，Applause Zhen Ear，endless。Drama Huayi deep comments: "So King of the King，Playing white -haired worship，Different identity，and Li Li Mai Xiu，Feeling deep，Death and gentle ride，Mourning You Yang，I really don’t show up.。"溥 侗 to Tsinghua Garden Teaching，After the way out, the Red Bean Pavilion of the Farm and the "Chengfu" site of Prince Gao Cheng Yongzheng，Vicentous vicissitudes，Deeply deepened by your fate，Therefore。Fortunately, it inherited Yongxuan (with Liu Ye et al. And referred to the four major calligraphy and painters in the Qing Dynasty) who was good at literary and artistic，Fang De Lord to stand for his life。

　　Life in artistic Life Lives

In addition to students such as Tsinghua University and Yanjing University, 侗，There are also professors、Staff and family members，such as Pujiang Qing、Yu Pingbo couple、Wang Jianjun, etc.。Professor of Western language department、Swiss scholar Professor Chang Andan (French teacher when Qian Yanshu studied Tsinghua) often came to listen to lectures，Become a senior ticket friend。Each get out of class，Chang Andaner all uses Chinese to thank you，and arrest your hands，溥 则 则 则。When they meet the greetings，Tribute to the etiquette of each other country，A sense of rituals with mutual emphasis on cultural mutual learning，The friendship of its also teachers and friends is a good story。

溥 与 and Liang Qichao、Ye Gongchao、Yang Zhensheng、Zhu Ziqing、Yu Pingbo and other Professor Tsinghua Professor often travel，This is in Luo Jialun、Pujiang Qing、Wu Yan、Shen Congwen and others' diaries and manuscripts have many records，It can be seen that their friends are brewing new literature、The meaning of the elegance of the first generation。Master Chen Zhuyin from Qi Baishi，It also follows the Chinese painting and Kunqu，Introduction to become Mrs. Zhu Ziqing。President Mei Yiqi also sighs the talent of 侗 bet365 Play online games 侗，Love for opera for life。They do not make opera only a pastime，Instead, treat it as an artistic accomplishment and cultural heritage，Carry out related research。Teachers and students String Song Full Garden，Chinese and Western literature and art flourish and blend，The atmosphere of the aesthetic education continues to this day。

溥 In 1933, he went to Nanjing to serve as a member of the Mongolian and Tibetan Committee，Cultivate a large number of art talents in Tsinghua，Ruguang、Huayani、Wu group、Chen Zudong、Liu Zengfu、Yang Wenhui、Chen Shengke、Ma Jue、Yang Mo, etc.。Ye Yangxi is a powerful assistant for taught in colleges and universities such as Tsinghua University，After becoming a famous teacher who participated in the creation of the Northern Kunji Theater。Wang Jianjun once wrote "Bamboo Words"，Showing the artistic style of 溥 侗: "Nourishing sex and re -class，Dan Qing Gule and Wu Yan。Gao Ge a song 赓 赓，Puppet dance。”

Introduction of the Chinese Academy of Art into Modern University，The influence is wide and far -reaching。As an outstanding opera educator，The seeds he sowed constantly flowering and fruiting，If the status of Guyin Club, which is quite status in the history of Kunqu opera、Beijing Kunqu Institute、Jiazi Qu Society and other organizations have been established one after another，Its inheritance plays an important role in the inclusion of Kunqus into the "World Cultural Heritage"。2018，Tsinghua University Jingkun Art Base selected the first batch of excellent traditional cultural inheritance bases announced by the Ministry of Education，This enables Tsinghua opera culture to enter the new development stage。

溥 侗 侗 The high -level professional heritage brings traditional art to Tsinghua University，Can be described as traditional art education pioneer in the history of Tsinghua University，The precedent of the "Talent Education" of the National Art Art。November 2000，President of Tsinghua University Gu Binglin published the paper "Humanities Education and first -class college bet365 best casino games talent training"，Tsinghua hiring the tutor of Tsinghua as an example to illustrate: the cultivation of humanistic quality is a subtle process，Master of art and culture such as 溥 侗 "greatly improved the overall humanistic quality level of the Tsinghua Teachers Team，This guides many students into the garden of art，and gradually formed the atmosphere of the Tsinghua Garden's advocating art。This is also the key to improving the humanistic quality of students "。Based on this，After reform and opening up，Tsinghua University has gradually recovered and added an art education center、The School of Fine Arts and other humanities institutions。Looking back at the course of Tsinghua Aesthetic Education，It is conducive to carrying forward the tradition of humanities and science、Build a first -class university，It also helps to cultivate outstanding talents with both arts and sciences，Appreciate life art in art life、Stimulate innovative vitality。

　(Author Unit: Institute of Philosophy of Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences)