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Welfare State Research，Especially the comparative research of welfare countries，It may lead to many other research directions，For example, deepen accomplishment in the field of welfare economics or welfare politics，And I turned to the field of international development assistance，There are several reasons here。First of all, I think，As a staff member of the International Research Science Film of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences，In addition to having a more professional knowledge (such as European Welfare State Research)，It should also contribute to the discipline of international relations。When I was studying at the University of Branus，Course of well -known international politicians such as Robert Kouhan and Robert Alder，I also went to the Fle Chechet International Relations College to listen to some courses，But there is no special interest in the theory of Western international relations。The international relationship I follow is a kind of pragmatic category，That is the relationship between the real between the country，For example, economic and trade relations between the country、Political diplomatic relations、Social communication and cultural exchanges，There are also aid relationships that few people have studied for a long time。This era of our lives，Dear and structural changes in international relations，Globalization breaks the boundary between the country at multiple levels，Make the relationship between Bet365 app download the country unprecedentedly colorful，Traditional diplomatic theory is far from explaining various new phenomena。Assistance Relations (Most of the International Development Cooperation in International) Since World War II，After development and change，From the beginning, it only reflects national will and interests，Developed a set of institutions and mechanisms and discourse systems that have relatively transcended national interests and will，An important part of becoming a global governance system，Not only deeply affects the development of the aid and aid countries，and participated in shaping the contemporary international relations。During studying in the United States，I have also worked short -term in the International Development Organization，Great understanding of more than 600 international non -profit organizations and non -governmental organizations in the United Nations at that time，Learn from the funds of these organizations support many from international development assistance channels，Therefore, I always hope to have the opportunity to systematically sort out the ins and outs of international development assistance。Of course，International development assistance and social security and social welfare are theoretically connected，The former is a cross -border financial transfer，The latter is a domestic financial transfer，Different elements of these two transfers，But logically amazing similarities，Comparison is very interesting。

Many levels involved in foreign aid，There are also many formal names，For example, "Official Development Assistance", "International Development Cooperation", etc.，All are the categories of foreign aid discussions，Individual countries also Bet365 app download include military assistance into the calculation of foreign aid，But the foreign aid of most countries focuses on development issues。In order to better reflect the principle of equality between the country，More and more countries refer to foreign aid as "international development cooperation"。

Aid foreign aid to discuss a lot of development issues、Trade issues、Social Questions、Legal issues，and increasingly serious global problems: such as the growth and flow of population、Pollution of the environment and the shortage of water resources、Popularity of infectious diseases、Drugs and other criminal issues，These are the knowledge areas that are rarely covered by traditional international relations，But it has already entered the Foreign Affairs agenda。This phenomenon gives researchers scattered in various fields and proposes a problem to choose analysis tools and communicate with each other。

If you want to understand the nature and form of foreign aid，You also need to learn more about the subject that provides assistance，For example, a sovereign state。The outbreak of World War II is caused by serious imbalances of the capitalist system，The cause of the war is that there is an irreconcilable conflict between the market and the social requirements of the organization。After the end of World War II，The traditional capitalist countries in Western Europe no longer advocate the use of liberal principles to re -establish a country destroyed by war，Instead, we must effectively balance the competitive labor market、Political System of Volkswagen Democracy，and protect the society for protection，Let the economy、Politics、Social mechanism is relatively balanced、Break with each other。The Bretton Forest System led by the United Bet365 lotto review States，Back to the international capital market，Use the advantages of controlling the banking system，Mobilize World Capital Market，Promoting economic growth and balance of income and expenditure in the Western world，But the global imbalance is not resolved，Instead, it is more and more serious。

After World War II，In the West，"Marshall Plan" is committed to rebuilding the market while rebuilding European countries; in the East，The central government plays a huge role when planning enterprises and society。The two major camps of the sovereign state and the East and the East and West representatives represent different national development roads due to different internal structures、Development mode and between national relations。US -Soviet foreign aid activities served the construction of their respective camps。In the East，The Soviet Union assisted the reconstruction of socialist countries，3513_3543。In the West，The United States rebuilds Western Europe after the war through the "Marshall Plan"，There is a consolidation of the economic and social order of capitalism。

After World War II，Asia -Africa's previous colonies obtained independence，Become the "Gray Zone" among the two major camps，Then, due to the importance of its strategic position, it has been aid from the East and West parties.。In some developing countries，Even the situation where the United States and the Soviet Union have provided assistance。Countries receiving Western aid often introduce the institutional model of capitalism at the same time，A country that accepts Oriental assistance is the institutional model of socialism。Due to the strategy and system confrontation of the East and the West，North Korea、South Korea once became Bet365 app download the country with the most aid to the United States and the Soviet Union。

Start from the "Marshall Plan"，Foreign assistance policy plays a huge role in the aftermath of international and regional conflicts，Not only that，Foreign assistance also involves a broad field that does not pay attention to news media，Deeper to the internal economy of developing countries、The level of social and even political life。In some institutions specializing in foreign aid work，You can often hear such comments: Development assistance is not always successful，But all the successful development experience has a helping effect。

China is in the early stages of reform and opening up，Use foreign aid funds，Investment in infrastructure and energy construction urgently needed，Later, investing in market construction、Health and Education and Environmental Protection and other fields。Foreign development assistance played a positive role in promoting China's economic reform and development。China is also a assistant country，Since the 21st century，Foreign assistance allocation and efforts are continuously increased，For the world's attention。As a assistant country，China pursues equal mutual benefit、Respect sovereignty、Principles and other principles for practical results。Whether it is a recipient country in development，It is still a responsible member of the international community that provides emergency humanitarian assistance to other developing countries，China needs to be more complete and thoroughly understand the theory of international foreign aid providers、Institution、Policies and methods，Provide useful reference for China's reform and development cause and foreign policy。

Foreign assistance also involves many multinational bet365 best casino games actors、Complex interest relationship、Tedic behavior rules and behaviors，and a thick historical background and a special inter -national relationship。When I started to get involved in research in this field at the end of the 20th century，superior、I don’t understand my colleagues and friends，I think I am paying attention to "unpopular unpopular"，Even in the international relations community，Foreign assistance issues are also rarely asked。Suggestions with goodwill, I suggest that I give up international development assistance research，Focus on the big problem of studying North and South relations。But I think，A realistic link as a deep relationship between the country，Always need someone to study，And because of international development assistance involves multidisciplinary synthesis，So through this small hole, you may see the big scenes of the sky。So，More than 20 years after that after that，I am in the main business work，Pay attention to the progress in the field of foreign aid from time to time，Foreign assistance research gradually becomes my other amateur hobby。I can make my hobbies a certain scale later. I can't expect it。With the end of the "UN Millennium Development Objective" and the warming about the discussion of the "post -2015 agenda"，International development assistance issues gradually change from "unpopular" to "Xue Xue"。In fact, this topic is far from what people understand in the 20th century，It is not a technical topic at all，On the contrary, it can involve politics、Economy、Society、Technology issues in many fields such as technology，Because of the huge and complex of this topic，I designed some clear steps when I started research，and organize an international team。

(This article is excerpted from one of the "Everyone's Elegant" Series "Zhou Hong: between" Tea "and" Coffee "，There are deletions)