The development of occupational health psychology is rigorous、Scientific research methods are inseparable。As an extensive cross -area，Its method involves organizational behavior、Psychology、Vocational Medicine、Human Work Effectism, etc.。By understanding、Master and apply these methods，It can help researchers to better understand and study related topics in the field of occupational health。Current，The mainstream and emerging research methods in the field of occupational health psychology are mainly a long time questionnaire survey、Vertical Studies、Quasi -experimental design and application objective physiological indicators and big data methods。

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Multi -time questionnaire survey。To control the common method deviation，Researchers suggest that the time separation of the research variables for time，That is to conduct a long time questionnaire survey。This method is widely used in professional health psychology research，Its program is usually: Questionnaire survey of two or three time points，Between each time point, the interval is usually 1-4 weeks。For example，Measure independent variables and adjust variables at time point 1，A week later，Measure the variables and intermediary variables at time point 2。It is worth mentioning is，A long time questionnaire survey still belongs to the relevant research design，It captures the correlation between variables，Can't inference causal relationships。But this method can indirectly detect causal relationships to a certain extent，or provide important clues for us to explore the cause and effect in depth。

Vertical Studies。It is concerned about the dynamic change of the relationship between variables。Through this method，Researchers bet365 Play online games can evaluate the prediction of the factors，This prediction also has the meaning of causal inference。For example，Researchers explore the relationship between work satisfaction and the willingness to leave，A long time questionnaire survey can only explain the relationship between the work satisfaction and the willingness of the departure，But it cannot indicate whether the willingness to resign and lead to low work satisfaction.，Still a decrease in work satisfaction leads to higher willingness to leave。and vertical research indicates，Over time，Increasing work satisfaction (or decrease) will lead to a reduction in the willingness to leave (increase)，The reduction (or increase) of the willingness to leave will not lead to increased work satisfaction (or decrease)。In the field of professional health psychology，More and more scholars call for the use of vertical research。Its program is: usually 3 or more time points，Repeat measurement of all variables every time point，and a long interval between each time point (more than 1 month or more，half a year or one year)。So，The disadvantage of vertical research is long time，And the test is easy to extend over time。

Experience sampling method。It refers to a period of time，The subject answers the question when the incident occurs or randomly,，How to collect data。The procedure of the experience sampling method is: in the first week，Researchers ask for testing to fill in the baseline data，such as gender、Age and other population learning data，and factors that are not easy to change in the short term，such as personality characteristics, etc.。After that，Researchers explain the requirements of the time or event to the subject。A week later，Experience samples for 1-2 weeks。Because the experience sampling method is collected, real -time data，Therefore。If the researcher sends a signal for 10 minutes or 15 minutes，I still did not answer the question，So the answer Bet365 app download will be invalidated。In order to ensure the daily filling rate of being tried，Researchers often need daily reminders and feedback。The advantage of the experience sampling method is the high ecological effect，and can reduce the deviation caused by memories，Especially suitable for describing the relationship between situations and variables，and individual emotions、Cognitive and behavioral changes and relationships。But，Experience sampling method is usually selected for the subject、Sample methods and data processing have higher requirements，It is easy to cause the fatigue of the subject、perfunctory and exit。other，Experience sampling method itself is self -reporting，It may also cause a common method deviation problem。

　　On -site (field) quasi -experiment research 

The experimental method is artificial、Manipulate the environment systematically，So as to cause behavior、Attitude or changes in cognition，Observation、Research method of record and explanation。Quasi -experimental design is a kind of experimental law，The biggest difference from laboratory experiments is，It did not allocate the experimental object randomly，It cannot be strictly controlled by the confusion (such as individual differences)。Randomized allocation and control of confusion factors，The opportunity and context that can ensure that each subject is assigned to each experimental group is random and equal。Under this premise，If there are differences in the experimental group and the control group，Then it can be considered as the difference caused by experiment manipulation。But，In the field of professional health psychology，Many key variables are often difficult to control。For example，Researchers are recovering the recovery of a recovery training (psychological detachment、Relax, etc.) Discover，Although the subject has been randomly assigned to the training group and the control group，But there will be many Bet365 app download factors that may affect the training results，For example, family factor (everyone's family condition is inconsistent)、Supervisor factors (upper and lower relationships), etc.。

Quasi -experiment design is generally divided into single -group design、Factor design、Factor design、Solomon Design and time series design。Where，The most extensive use of control design and factors。The control design includes two groups: experimental group and control group。Only the experimental processing of the experimental group was subject to experimental treatment，The control group will receive placebo treatment or no experimental treatment。Factor design is an independent variable containing two or more independent variables in the experiment，Each independent variable usually contains two or more levels。The 2 × 2 experiment design we usually call，There are two independent variables，Each independent variable has two levels，The advantage of this design is to investigate the interaction between the two independent variables。

other，Quasi -experimental design is also divided into interview design and internal design。The former is only one of each subject to accept one manipulation situation，The latter is every trial to accept all manipulation situations。The advantage of the quasi experimental method is that it can be able to inference causality，High external validity，The sample volume is relatively small，It is not easy to be affected by the common method deviation。But how to effectively manipulate and control and exclude unrelated variables，It is a very important and difficult problem。

　　Research method based on objective physiological data 

The research methods introduced above are mostly dependent on subjective evaluation (self -evaluation or him)，More or less affected by the evaluation deviation。For this，Researchers can choose to use objective data to avoid these deviations。

First, measure cortisol。Corted alcohol is the main pressure hormone Bet365 lotto review for the release of adrenal cortex axis，Generally used to measure stress response。Cortisol can be from the blood、Measurement in saliva and urine，Among them, saliva measurement is the simplest，Therefore, it is widely used in professional pressure research。The collection process of saliva is: First place a dental collection cotton swab in the mouth，Two minutes later，Take out the wound and put it in the test tube frozen，Send it to a professional laboratory for detection。Usually，Researchers need to observe the recovery of cortisol，Therefore, there will be multiple saliva measurement，For example, before starting、The pressure test neutral and the pressure test is measured once after the pressure test。

The second is to measure the heart rate、Blood pressure and heart rate mutation。Heart rate and blood pressure are mainly dominated by some branches of sympathetic nerves and adhesive nerves of the autonomous nervous system，and easy to be stressed、Diet、Good health、Impact of biological psychological and social factors such as drug abuse。The two have directness with health、contact with quantified contact。In recent years，Researchers began to use heart rate variants to replace heart rate for research。Heart rate variability refers to the change in the difference in the cycle of heartbeat one by one。Heart rate mutation analysis as a sensitive non -invasive detection of quantitative indicators for heart autonomic nervous system activity，It has been recognized and has been increasingly valued，Especially in the measurement of career pressure。Researchers can understand the physical and stressful feelings of the human body by measuring heart rate variability，If you can use heart rate variability in the work to explore the effect of psychological relaxation training。

Benefiting from the development of science and technology，At present, most of the portable measurement tools are used，Employees can directly wear them，These tools can directly record Bet365 app download real -time data，More objective、Accurate and convenient。other，These tools can not only quickly measure heart rate、Blood pressure and heart rate mutation，You can also measure other important physiological indicators，Such as skin electricity (can be used to examine changes in the emotional and cognitive state)、pulse pressure (can be used for cardiovascular disease and anger、Depression、Research on Emotions and other emotions)、Blood oxygen saturation (can be used for research of emotional changes), etc., etc.。The measurement of physiological indicators can provide more objective、More real data，But sampling is still more complicated，It is easy to bring high manpower to researchers、material and financial costs。

　　Research method based on big data 

Big data is a kind of obtaining、Storage、Management、Analysis is greatly exceeded by the data collection of traditional database software tool capacity range，Usually from public data、Private data and community data。The analysis method is more complicated，Mainly with cluster analysis、Data mining、Genetic algorithm、Machine Learning、neural network、Signal processing、Time series analysis, etc.。Current，Big data is rapidly becoming an important research method，It is applied to predict personal behavior、Consumer selection、traffic mode, etc.。This method can not only be used to analyze the behavior mode，You can also provide the possibility of prediction event。For example，Researchers can locate big data through mobile phones，Explore employee work、The relationship between housing and commute selection，To provide suggestions for the choice of distance between work and residences。

Big data methods can improve data processing and utilization efficiency，Help people understand the laws of development，to promote scientific decision -making。But big data can only provide relevant evidence instead of causal evidence。Standardity acquisition of big data、bet365 Play online games Data risk and architecture、Data Quality，Analysis of data also faces challenges，An important factor to limit its application。

In short，Rigid method is an important driving force for discipline development。4581_4592，and need to use multiple methods to cross -verification。Only multiple methods are added to each other、Repeated verification，can ensure that research has good internal validity and external validity。

　　(Author: School of Political and Public Management of Suzhou University; School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, East China Normal University)