The development and rigor of occupational health psychology、Scientific research methods are inseparable。As a broad cross-cutting field，The approach involves organizational behavior、Psychology、Occupational Medicine、Ergonomics, etc.。By understanding、Master and apply these methods，Can help researchers better understand and study related topics in the field of occupational health。Currently，The mainstream and emerging research methods in the field of occupational health psychology mainly include multi-time questionnaire surveys、Longitudinal study、Quasi-experimental design and application of objective physiological indicators and big Bet365 lotto review methods, etc.。

　Field investigation and Bet365 lotto review

Multi-time questionnaire survey。To control common method bias，Researchers suggest separating the variables studied in time，Conduct a multi-time questionnaire survey。This method is widely used in occupational health psychology Bet365 lotto review，The procedure is usually: conduct a questionnaire survey at two or three time points，The interval between each time point is usually 1-4 weeks。For example，Measurement of independent and moderator variables at time point 1，One week later，Measuring dependent and mediating variables at time point 2。It is worth mentioning，Multi-time point questionnaire survey is still a correlational Bet365 lotto review design in nature，It captures the correlation between variables，Causal relationship cannot be inferred。But this method can indirectly detect causality to a certain extent，It may provide important clues for us to deeply explore the causal relationship。

Longitudinal study。It focuses on the dynamic changes in the relationship between variables。By this method，Researchers can evaluate the predictive effect of factors，Most of these predictions also mean causal inference。For example，Researchers explore the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention，Multiple time point questionnaires can only show the relationship between job satisfaction and intention to leave，But it cannot be said that it is the intention to leave that causes the low job satisfaction score，Reduced job satisfaction leads to higher intention to leave。And longitudinal studies show，As time increases，An increase (or decrease) in job satisfaction will lead to a decrease (increase) in turnover intention，And a decrease (or increase) in turnover intention will not lead to an increase (or decrease) in job satisfaction。In the field of occupational health psychology，More and more scholars are calling for the use of longitudinal Bet365 lotto review。The procedure is: usually using 3 or more time points，Repeated measurements of all variables at each time point，And the interval between each time point is longer (more than 1 month，Mostly half a year or a year)。Therefore，The disadvantage of longitudinal Bet365 lotto review is that it takes longer，And subjects are easily lost over time。

Experience sampling method。It refers to within a period of time，The subjects answered questions when the event occurred or at random moments，Methods for Bet365 lotto review collection。The procedure of experience sampling method is: in the first week，The researcher asked the subjects to fill in the baseline Bet365 lotto review，such as gender、Age and other demographic Bet365 lotto review，And factors that are not easy to change in the short term，Such as personality traits, etc.。After，The researcher explained the time or event requirements and precautions to the subjects。One week later，Conduct experience sampling lasting 1-2 weeks。Since the experience sampling method collects real-time Bet365 lotto review，Therefore, it is necessary to test the subject’s reaction time。If 10 or 15 minutes after the researcher sends the signal，The subject still did not answer the question，Then this answer will be invalid。In order to ensure the filling rate of subjects every day，Researchers often need daily reminders and feedback。The advantage of the experience sampling method is that it has higher ecological validity，And can reduce the bias caused by recall，Especially suitable for describing the relationship between situations and variables，And individual emotions、Changes and relationships between cognition and behavior。However，Experience sampling method is usually selected by subjects、Higher requirements in sampling methods and Bet365 lotto review processing，Easy to cause fatigue to subjects、Perfunctory and quitting。In addition，The experience sampling method itself is self-reported，It may also cause common method bias problem。

　　On-site (field) quasi-experimental Bet365 lotto review

The experimental method is artificial、Systematically manipulate the environment，Thus leading to behavior、Changes in attitude or cognition，And observe、A Bet365 lotto review method of recording and interpreting。Quasi-experimental design is a type of experimental method，The biggest difference from laboratory experiments is，It did not assign subjects randomly，Confounding factors (such as individual differences) cannot be strictly controlled。Randomization and control of confounding factors，It can ensure that the chance and situation of each subject being assigned to each experimental group is random and equal。Under this premise，If there are differences between the experimental group and the control group，Then it can be considered that the difference is caused by experimental manipulation。However，In the field of occupational health psychology，Many key variables are often difficult to control。For example，Researchers on the recovery experience of a recovery exercise (psychological detachment、Relax etc.) Discovered while exploring，Although subjects have been randomly assigned to training groups and control groups，But there are many factors that may affect the training results，For example, family factors (everyone’s family situation is different)、Supervisor factors (superior-subordinate relationship), etc.。

Quasi-experimental designs are generally divided into single-group designs、Contrast design、Factor design、Solomon design and Bet365 lotto review series design。Among them，Control designs and factorial designs are the most widely used。The control design includes two groups: experimental group and control group。Only subjects in the experimental group received the experimental treatment，The control group will receive a placebo treatment or no experimental treatment。Factorial design is an experiment containing two or more independent variables，Each independent variable usually contains two or more levels。What we usually call 2×2 experimental design，There are two independent variables，Two levels for each independent variable，The advantage of this design is that the interaction between two independent variables can be investigated。

In addition，Quasi-experimental design is also divided into between-subjects design and within-subjects design。The former is that each subject only receives one manipulation situation，The latter means that each subject must accept all manipulation situations。The advantage of quasi-experimental methods is that they can make causal inferences，Higher external validity，Relatively small sample size，And not susceptible to common Bet365 lotto review bias。But how to carry out effective manipulation and control and exclude irrelevant variables，It is a very important and difficult question。

　　Research methods based on objective physiological Bet365 lotto review

Most of the research methods introduced above rely on subjective evaluation (self-evaluation or other evaluation)，It will be more or less affected by evaluation bias。For this，Researchers can choose to use objective Bet365 lotto review methods to avoid these biases。

The first is to measure cortisol。Cortisol is the main stress hormone released by the adrenocortical axis，Generally used to measure stress response。Cortisol can be released from the blood、Measured in saliva and urine，Saliva measurement is the easiest，Therefore it is widely used in occupational stress Bet365 lotto review。The saliva collection procedure is: first place a dental collection swab in the mouth，Two minutes later，Remove the swab and freeze it in a test tube，Sent to a professional laboratory for testing。Normally，Researchers need to observe the recovery of cortisol，Therefore multiple saliva measurements are taken，For example, before starting、Measure once during the stress test and once after the stress test。

The second is to measure heart rate、Blood pressure and heart rate variability。Heart rate and blood pressure are mainly controlled by certain branches of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves of the autonomic nervous system，And susceptible to stress、Diet、Good health、The impact of biopsychosocial factors such as drug abuse。Both are directly related to health、Quantifiable connection。In recent years，Researchers began to use heart rate variability instead of heart rate for Bet365 lotto review。Heart rate variability refers to the change in the difference between heartbeat cycles。Heart rate variability analysis as a sensitive and non-invasive quantitative indicator of cardiac autonomic nervous system activity，Has been recognized and increasingly valued，Especially in the measurement of occupational stress。Researchers can understand human physiology and stress perception by measuring heart rate variability，If heart rate variability at work can be used to explore the effect of psychological relaxation training。

Benefit from the development of science and technology，Most portable measurement tools are currently used，Employees can wear it directly on their bodies，These tools can directly record real-time Bet365 lotto review，More objective、Accurate and convenient。In addition，These tools do more than just quickly measure your heart rate、Blood pressure and heart rate variability，Other important physiological indicators can also be measured，Such as electrodermal conductivity (can be used to examine changes in subjects’ emotional and cognitive states)、Pulse pressure (can be used for cardiovascular disease and anger、Depression、Research on anxiety and other emotions)、Blood oxygen saturation (can be used for research on emotional changes), etc.。Although the measurement of physiological indicators can provide a more objective view、More real Bet365 lotto review，But sampling is still more complicated，Easy to bring higher manpower to researchers、Material and financial costs。

　　Research methods based on big Bet365 lotto review

Big Bet365 lotto review is a kind of acquisition、Storage、Management、Bet365 lotto review collections whose analysis is well beyond the capabilities of traditional database software tools，Usually derived from public Bet365 lotto review、Private Bet365 lotto review and community Bet365 lotto review, etc.。The analysis method is more complicated，Mainly cluster analysis、Bet365 lotto review Mining、Genetic Algorithm、Machine Learning、Neural Network、Signal processing、Time series analysis, etc.。Currently，Big Bet365 lotto review is rapidly becoming an important research method，Used to predict personal behavior、Consumer Choice、Traffic patterns, etc.。This method can be used not only to analyze behavioral patterns，Also provides the possibility of predicting events。For example，Big Bet365 lotto review that researchers can locate through mobile phones，Discussing employee work、The relationship between housing and commuting choices，To provide suggestions for choosing the distance between work and residence。

Big Bet365 lotto review methods can improve Bet365 lotto review processing and utilization efficiency，Helping people understand the laws of the development of things，Thus promoting scientific decision-making。But big Bet365 lotto review can only provide correlation evidence rather than causal evidence。Normalized acquisition of big Bet365 lotto review、Bet365 lotto review Risks and Architecture、Quality of Bet365 lotto review，And Bet365 lotto review analysis also face challenges，Become an important factor limiting its application。

In short，Rigorous methods are an important driving force for the development of disciplines。The choice of method should be based on suitability，And need to use multiple methods of cross-validation。There are only multiple methods that complement each other、Repeat verification，In order to ensure that the Bet365 lotto review has good internal validity and external validity。

　　(Author’s affiliation: School of Politics and Public Administration, Suzhou University；School of Bet365 lotto review and Cognitive Sciences, East China Normal University)