Psychological biography has been born for more than 100 years since its birth。If the growth of psychological biography is compared to a tree，After a hundred years, it should grow into a towering ancient wood，But today's psychological biography is a Shimu that grows green leaves。Why did the psychological biography have not become a completely mature psychological branch discipline after a hundred years，Why can it be based on many discipline factions in psychology after a hundred years?，Continue writing your own subject history? This requires us to sort out and analyze the past and present of psychological biography。

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Founder Freud, founder of psychoanalysis school, conducted psychoanalysis of Da Vinci in 1910，It has aroused widespread attention in the academic world。Before that，Many biography works called "pathology" have appeared，These works are similar to early psychoanalytic biography，But more inclined to psychiatry science。After that，Many historians advocate incorporating scientific psychology and psychoanalysis into historius research，Analysis of psychological analysis of historical figures。

The 20th century，The application of psychological biography has become quite common，Not only psychoanalyst，Doctor、Historians and experts from other disciplines are also conducting biographical research on psychoanalysis。American psychiatrist Pierce Clark conducted a psychological biography research on the 16th President Abraham Lincoln in 1921，Subsequently to Alexander Emperor (1923)、Akson (1927)、Napoleon (1929) and other famous people conducted historical research at the psychological level。bet365 Play online games A series of research shows，When we understand the complex and behavior of historical figures，It may have a deeper understanding of history。

　　Branching phase (from the 1930s to the 1970s): Case study as a research method。

Except psychoanalysis，Other branches of psychology and the development of neighboring disciplines on psychological biography also play an important role。Scholars in personality psychology are no longer limited to psychoanalytic research，This makes psychological biography gradually get rid of the defects of partial pathological science。

Personal psychologist Henry Morri founded a theory and method of research personality，Emphasizing the life history of the individual，Observe the individual for a long time from the overall orientation。1938，He conducted a case research on American writer Helman Merville，The study of the case history of Onest's case of Onest is also included in the book "Personality Exploration" in personality psychology。During this period，Chinese scholars have also begun to analyze psychological analysis of historical figures。For example，1939，Scholar Lin Chuanding used the historical evaluation method and psychological measurement method to analyze the 34 historical figures of the Tang and Song dynasties。In the next decades，More and more personality psychologists have begun to get involved in the field of psychological biography。Gorkon Olbert published a ministerial case in 1965. "Jenny's Letter"。Following Morri and Ol Potter，Robert White also devoted to the study of life history。His many works such as "Perverted Personality", "Research on Natural Growth of Life: Research on Life History", etc.。With the efforts of many psychologists，Psychological biography based on case research or special laws has become an important part of personality psychology。

Lauride Demos founded the "Psychological History Magazine" in 1973，Many bet365 live casino games papers related to psychological biographies are published in this journal。In the book "Personality and Psychological Subcumes" he published later，List psychological biography as one of the branches of psychological history。So far，Psychological history and psychological biography still have close contact in the subject of the subject and the nature of the researcher and the training background of the researcher。

Due to the influence of the war environment in the 19450s，Scholars attach more attention to the psychological biography of politicians，A number of books with far -reaching influence appeared。Ru Lange predicted Hitler's destiny through psychological biopsy in 1943，Provide important reference for the Allies。Eriksson's research on religious reformers Martin Luther and George's research on US President Wilson opened a new research mode of psychological biography — the overall continuity mode。Enter the 1960s and 1970s，With the changes in the world structure，Political psychological biographies increased sharply，Among them, the more famous ones are Eriksson's research on Gandhi、Robert Tak's research on Stalin。These case studies have promoted the application of psychological biography in the political field。After a long period of accumulation and precipitation，Psychological biography gradually strengthens itself，Start the exploration of discipline theory and methods。

　　Stage of trunk hardening (from the 1980s to 2004): exploration of theoretical and methods。

After the 1980s，In a batch of personality psychologists，Alexander、Alexander、Elms、Karson、McGhits、Wells of Wiggins, etc.，Psychological biography has been developed rapidly。1983，Cardon and others set up a personality society。Personal psychologists began to think about the basic problems in the field of psychological biography at the theoretical and methodical level，and define it from the perspective Bet365 app download of interdisciplinary。"History of Life and Psychological Biography: Exploration of theory and Methods" published by Rooneyn published a deeper exploration of theoretical and methods of psychological biopsis。1988，Journal of Personality, which has opened a special issue for psychological biography and life narratives。But for a few years since then，Only a few cases of case research articles are published in high -level academic journals。Another psychological biography monograph，Make the development of psychological biography disciplines to reverse。1994，Elms's "Revealing Life: Unstable Alliance of Biography and Psychology"，The book includes Freud、Jung、Skinner、Nabokov、Frank Bom、Carter、Saddam Hussein and Old Bush and others psychological biography。This book shows the systemic and professionalism of psychological biography，Become a must -read for researchers for psychological biography at that time。Three years later，"Personal Magazine" once again set up a special issue for psychological biography，Specially used to publish case analysis of Douch Morgan。

In China，Psychological biography is the first to develop in Taiwan，An appeared such as Jiang Menglin、Tan Yitong、Zhu Yuanzhang、Zhang Taiyan、Psychological research of historical figures such as Wu Zetian。Professor Ding Xingxiang opened a psychological biographies in Fu Jen University in 1989，Graduate students in this direction。1997，Zheng Jianhong opened the article "Liang Shuming's Personal Psychological Biography Research" and opened the precedent of the mainland engaged in psychological biography，and proposed the quality binding mode of unique psychological biography research。

In addition to theoretical exploration，The number of psychological biography in this period increases significantly，Its disciplinary system has also been initially formed。According to statistics，During 1999 to 2003，An bet365 Play online games average annual published psychological biography research papers。Publication of "Psychological Biography Manual" edited by Schultz in 2005，It marks the initial formation of psychological biography as a branch discipline。

　　Leaf Yinhua stage (2005 to present): Intergeneration of the discipline community。

After more than 100 years of development，Psychological biography research has never occupied the dominant position in psychology，But a vigorous and unique path of psychology disciplines has been taken out。In recent years，Research results in this field have begun to appear frequently at international conferences。August 2012，At the 30th International Psychology Conference held in South Africa，A series of psychological biopology research on Obama appeared，attracted the attention of many participants。，Multiple academic conferences held by psychology and adjacent disciplines also frequently received submission of psychological biopology research thesis。2022，The 4th Academic Conference of the Professional Committee of Psychology of Psychology of the Chinese Society and the 7th Strait "Life narrative and psychological biography" seminar online，Participation、The number of viewers is as many as 100,000 people。It can be discovered by retrieving the recent psychological biographies published in international well -known journals，This research field is increasing attention in the international psychology community。

2014，"Life narrative and psychological biography" magazine in both sides of the Taiwan Strait brief、Traditional two versions of creation，Simplified Edition was renamed "Psychological Biography and Quality Psychology" in 2019。Northwest Normal University and Lingnan Normal University (formerly Zhanjiang Teachers College) almost created the Institute of Psychological Biography at the same time。"Taiwan Life narrative Bet365 lotto review and psychological biographies" also established in 2014，The Society is the only specialist in the field of psychological biography in the world at present。In Liu Dianzhi、Zheng Jianhong and others' efforts，The Professional Committee of Psychology of Psychology of Chinese Psychology was officially established in 2018，It provides an important platform for further promoting the development of psychological biography。Psychological Biography Course has been opened in many domestic universities，Graduate students who have trained a large number of psychological biography。other，"The Psychological Biography of Historical Celebrities", "Fate Can Violation -Analysis of Psychological Biography of Zhuge Liang Decision"，It also contributed to the development and growth of psychological biography。

Academic Journal、Specialized Society and Research Institutions, etc.，Make psychological biography as the social system of branches and disciplines gradually improve。Subsequent development of psychological biography，Depending on the improvement of the knowledge structure and social application，Depending on how to obtain the intergenerational extension of the subject community and the contribution of discipline development to social progress。Although the courses of psychological biography have gradually opened in undergraduates and graduate students，But there is still a long way to go to the mainstream of the psychological knowledge structure。Psychological biography in psychotherapy、Talent training、Political diplomacy and other aspects can play unique advantages，Contribute your own discipline to social progress and development。I believe in the efforts of many scholars，Psychological biographies end to grow into towering trees，Dyin psychology and even the entire human society。

　(The author is a professor at the School of Psychology of Northwest Normal University、Director of the Institute of Psychological Biography; PhD in Psychological College of Northwest Normal University)