In social survey research,Researchers often use questionnaires and other methods to collect data。But whether the bet365 new user promo questionnaire can truly reflect the actual behavior of the interviewee during the interview?May 2020,The magazine "Field Research" published Laura Jacobs, a postdoctoral fellow at the School of Social and Behavioral Sciences at the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands、Geert Loosveldt, professor at the Sociological Research Center of the University of Leuven in Belgium, and Koen Beullens, senior researcher, have an empirical research paper titled "Interview Performance Assessment Can Accurately Reflect Respondent Visiting behavior?》。This article is based on data from the Seventh European Social Survey,Use quantitative testing method,Proved that the bet365 new user promo can objectively reflect the response mechanism of the interviewees in the face-to-face survey to a certain extent,Conducive to data evaluation and data quality improvement。However,bet365 new user promo is less sensitive to subtle behaviors。Therefore,Pre-interview training for interviewers、Optimize the respondent performance evaluation questionnaire and the applicability of research conclusions,Our reporter interviewed Laura Jacobs, the first author of the paper。
Pay attention to the training of bet365 new user promo
In social science research,Ensuring the quality of the data collected is a prerequisite for ensuring the overall quality of the research。Due to negative responses from some participants,Reduced data reliability,More and more researchers advocate asking interviewers to conduct bet365 new user promo after the interview,and use it as a valid parallel data source。In large data collection projects such as the European Social Survey,Interviewers are asked to fill out a questionnaire after each interview,To assess interview quality and interviewee performance。The interviewer assumes the function of "expert witness",Also a participant on the scene,An observer again,Provide researchers with first-hand information about the research process。The interviewer in some sense determines the extent to which the interviewee's performance evaluation plays a role。
Jacobs said,Attention should be paid to the interviewer effect in bet365 new user promo。Every interviewer has his or her own way of working,And potentially using different standards in the work。This illustrates the importance of in-depth training for interviewers。The purpose of this in-depth training is to provide interviewers with a standardized way to identify “poor interview performance”,And understand potential sources of interviewer bias。
Jacobs believes,Make bet365 new user promo assessment a reliable research tool,Interviewers need to learn how to deal with uncooperative interviewees,And promptly identify problematic bet365 new user promo,Make sure interviewers use similar judgment criteria whenever possible。At the same time,Interviewers should also be aware that their own behavior will affect the interviewee。Researchers must pay attention to interviewer training。
Design a scientific and reasonable bet365 new user promo
Since the bet365 new user promo questionnaire is the medium for the interviewer to evaluate the interviewee’s performance,Therefore,How to design questionnaires more scientifically and rationally has become the focus of researchers。In response to this problem,Jacobs made two suggestions to improve the quality of respondent performance evaluation questionnaires。First,Without increasing the burden on the interviewer,Make the assessment questionnaire include as rich a set of questions as possible。In the questionnaire design, you can also try to include questions about the situation in which the interview was conducted,And add some additional indicators that are not yet routine questions in the assessment questionnaire,Such as assessing the respondent’s level of concentration、Whether the interviewee listened until the interview questions were asked, etc.。Second,Some questions in the current bet365 new user promo questionnaire,The expression is not very clear,There may also be subjectivity and different interpretations。Therefore,The wording of the assessment questionnaire should be improved,To ensure that the assessment questions facing the interviewer are completely clear。
In this study,Although researchers generally affirm the importance of bet365 new user promo,But they also discovered,The correlation between different interview behaviors and interview performance evaluations are at different levels。Specifically,Interviewers are more likely to capture the two interview behaviors of Item Nonresponse and Use of Extreme Categories。This research finding shows,Interviewer’s answer to the more subtle、Unobservable response patterns may be less sensitive。To this,Jacobs told reporters,Intensive training on different response styles and behavioral patterns can alleviate this problem to some extent。
Questions about the applicability of the conclusions of this study,Jacobs told reporters,This study is based on the Seventh European Social Survey,The results should also be applicable to other face-to-face surveys,Because the organization method of bet365 new user promo is similar in other interview surveys。But,She does not think the conclusions of this study can be generalized to other interview surveys,Such as telephone interview。Under interview survey,Interviewers’ assessment of interviewees relies heavily on visual cues。Although some clues can also be found in other types of interviews,But they will get much less information than face-to-face interviews。If the respondent refuses to answer the question,The effect of this should be the same in telephone interviews and face-to-face interviews,But in other ways,Such as understanding questions, etc.,Telephone interviews are more difficult to judge。Jacobs told reporters,This is a good extension direction of this research,In the future, we can explore completing bet365 new user promo during telephone surveys。
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