The role of the economy in today's world is self -evident，Economic issues run through all aspects of social life，Economics has also become an extremely important discipline。Due to the extensive research scope of economics、There are many research objects，Economists must conduct a choice between various research goals and research topics。Economics has strong applicationability，Its research results can directly affect policy formulation。Therefore，Economist's choice of research goals and topics is not only academic affairs，It may also produce huge social consequences。But，What issues are "interesting" and "worth research" on what issues of scientists are inevitable。To understand how economists think of the current research goals setting and research topic selection of this subject，Professor of Economics at the University of Bon University in Germany、Armin Falk, CEO of the Institute of Broker, Germany, and Peter Andre, a researcher at the institute, conducted a large -scale online online in 2021. investigation。Two scholars have been interviewed by our reporter a few days ago，Introduced the key content of the survey。

　Bet365 lotto review

Forter and Andre told this reporter，To comprehensively reflect the view of the economics community，The opportunity to speak for all economists who are in a "active state"，They first established a large -scale literature database。The database contains articles published in the top 400 economic semester published in the world's top 400 in the beginning of December 2019。Because these journals are published in English，Scholars who published articles can bet365 best casino games be regarded as positive contributors to international economics exchanges。Next，They further screen potential respondents。First，Excluding the author who has not been included in the above database since 2015，Because they are no longer in "active state"。2，Eliminates the author of non -academic institutions working in very low scientific research output，Because they are likely not a full -time scholar or no longer engaged in academic research。third，Choose at least 3 articles in the author of the above database，or at least 50%of all the articles published by individuals are published in the author of the Economic Journal，to eliminate authors from adjacent disciplines or non -economical majors。Fourth，Select the author of the email address available。

Form and Andrei send invitations to all economists who meet the filtering conditions，A total of 7794 people participated in the survey completely。The survey contains two problems series，The first question series involves the choice of the basic research goals of several economics，The second question series involves preferences for the distribution of economics research topics。The first question series aims to understand how interviewees weigh some common economic research goals，For example, policy correlation or personal interest、Policy correlation or basic research、The importance of problem or causal relationship recognition、Pure theory or application theory、Quantitative or qualitative、Professional or multidisciplinary、Predictive theory or interpretation theory。These goals are not always "not this"，But it is difficult to take into account both at the same time。For each set of "opposite" goals，The interviewee shows that they are satisfied，and hope that a certain goal will get more or less attention。

In the second question bet365 best casino games series，Interviewees need to distribute the total score of 100 points to 19 economics primary research topics。This 100 points represent all articles published by an economic semester of a certain year，1%of the total output of economics research every 1 point。From this，The score of the respondents shows that their tendency of various research topics。These 19 research topics are first classifications in the Jel classification system，Including: general theory and teaching; economic ideological genre and methodology; mathematics and quantitative methods; microeconomics; macroeconomics and monetary economics; financial economics; public economics; industrial organization; economic history; et al. wait。Jel Classification System is the theme classification system adopted by the "Economic Literature Magazine" edited by the American Economic Society (AEA)，It has been widely used by the Western economics community。

　　Economists are not very satisfied with the current status of the discipline

The respondent's answer to the first question series shows three characteristics。First，Dissatisfaction with the setting of the current economic research goals，Only 20.6%of the respondents said "generally satisfied"。For most research goals，More than 50%of the respondents believe that the status quo needs to be changed。For example，54%of the respondents believe that more policy correlation should be based on policy correlation rather than personal interests; 56%of interviewees want to empirically study more about the importance of problems rather than causal relationship recognition; 61%of respondents hope that theoretical research is more applied、Evidence -related theories rather than pure theory as the goal。2，Interviewees mostly believe that economic research should expand the scope、Greed the breadth，They reached the maximum Bet365 app download consensus at this point。60%of the respondents want professional research goals to reduce，79%of the respondents hope to increase multidisciplinary research goals。third，Most respondents advocate more risk type、Innovative research rather than progressive、Traditional Studies。

The respondent's answer display of the second question series，From a qualitative perspective，Their tendency sorting of their 19 economic research topics is similar to the publication of the journals in reality。For example，Interviewees give more microeconomics、macroeconomics、Financial economics topics are also high in the total output of economics research，Interviewees give less scores and teaching、Law and Economics、Economic History Projects is also low in the total output of economics research。

but，From a quantitative perspective，The interviewee's score distribution of 19 research topics is more average than actual data。For example，Financial Economics articles account for about 15%of all economic journal articles，an average of 9.8 percentage points higher than the respondent's average score of this topic; the real proportion of microeconomics and industrial organization articles is also significantly higher than the average score of these two subjects。opposite，The real proportion of public economics and economic history articles in all articles，Obviously lower than the respondent's average score of these two topics。From this, it can be seen，Interviewee Hope Economics Research Projects More diverse、The distribution of topics is more balanced。other，At a more macro classification level，Research on Empirical Research in Hope Economics of the respondents accounted for 48%，Theoretical research accounts for 28%，Method research accounting for 24%。

　　Focus on the focus and personal background

Since the researchers have learned about the personal information of bet365 live casino games the interviewees，For example, the basic characteristics of population (gender、Age、Religious belief)、Academic Occupation Achievements (Vocational Grade、Working agency、Hue about the number of articles and its influence H index, etc.)、The research direction and topic focusing on，Therefore, you can analyze what is the relationship between the personal characteristics of the respondent and the answer to the investigation question。Analysis shows，Personal characteristics can systematically predict the trade -offs of the respondents' goals for economics research and preference for the distribution of research topics。

As far as research goals are concerned，Female economists to policy correlation、Multi -disciplinary、Pay attention to innovation; from Africa、Economists in Latin America attach great importance to policy correlation and innovativeness; economists who are mainly engaged in theoretical research and methods are usually low.，Economists who are mainly engaged in method research attach more importance to strong professional research and gradual type research。

In terms of research topics，The more articles published by the respondents in reality, the more articles，The higher the score distributed in this topic in the survey。In terms of gender，Female economists have a lower score of macroeconomics and economic history topics，For health、Education and welfare topics, as well as agriculture and natural resources economics、High scores for environmental and ecological economics topics。

　　Application Economics is the golden period

Holk and Andre said，Economics has the state of "monitoring" this discipline、Long -term tradition of research topics and methods。Since the 1970s，"Application Scene" appears in economics，Multi -discipline and data orientation of economics are getting stronger and stronger。Professor Roger bet365 best casino games Backhouse at the University of Birmingham University of Economic and Economic and Economic Philosophy and Beatrice Cherry, Associate Professor of Economic History of the School of Economics of Paris Comprehensive Institute of Technology, called the 21st century as " The era of application economists。There are many forms of expression in application economics，One of them is the new methodology，For example, experimental economics、Analysis of the large -scale data group、Random control experiments、Policy analysis。These trends are consistent with the expectations of the respondents，The signal of the explanation is visible，But still need to continue to improve，For example, research that increases multidisciplinary nature。

Two scholars are specifically proposed，The purpose of this survey is not to promote a specific point of view，Instead of collecting and recording the overall view of economists。From a personal perspective，They agree with the policy relevance of strengthening economic research goals and the diversity of research topics，To tolerate、Open attitude faces view of other disciplines。but but，What is the question of "important" and "policy -related"，It is often difficult to judge，Many times it is impossible to predict whether a policy will eventually have a policy impact。Therefore，Basic research on high -quality is still necessary。

Looking forward to the future，Climate change will become one of the most important policy issues in the next 10 years，Economic circles, especially first -class economic semester magazines, should vigorously increase the attention of climate change issues。Another，Investigation of the interviewees' views on the setting of current economic research goals and research topics, there are gender differences，This indicates that the economics community needs Bet365 lotto review to reduce the gender gap。

Barchaus told this reporter，Economists should study important topics，and important subjects change over time，Important topics of the present include climate change、Unemployment increase、Financial crisis、Sustainable growth、Loss of biological diversity, etc.。other，Basic research is also important，Rule of market operation、The exploration of more abstract problems such as human behavior and other more abstract problems helps to understand those more specific important issues。