Bet365 app download Current，The planning paradigm of smart cities is increasingly concerned by scholars and community activists，and cause heated discussion。Although some scholars have studied the process and method of digital technology to change the urban form，But due to the continuous emergence of new technologies and the continuous update of data collection processing，Some new problems appeared in the field of smart city research。Associate Professor Ryan Burns, associate professor of Calgary University in Canada, and researcher Preston Welker's latest article "Smart City's gap: Wandering from top to bottom and from top to bottom and bottom," Wisdom between the bottom up "，Focus on the importance of "gap participants" in smart cities。

This study draws on a 5 -year study conducted by Calgary City，Analyze the two groups of actors in the city: the first group of actors is located between the top and bottom of the level of the smart city -level structure，If the Community Association、Non -profit organizations and temporary working groups; the second group of actors consists of various digital practice groups，Their marginal characteristics affect the expression and implementation of digital systems in their lives。The author said，The key research agenda of smart cities generally uses top -down methods，that is, the government bet365 Play online games and enterprises such as the government and the enterprise formulate a plan，embedding information and communication technology into urban landscape。and this article proposes the concept of "gap" of smart cities，Call for the attention of those theoretical knowledge、But participants who have an important role in the development of smart cities。These participants walk in different discourse circles，and therefore produce a specific type of political influence，Ideological、Implementing and questioning the construction of smart frameworks, play an important role。

Clarifying the rules of the smart city are who formulated it、Who will serve for whom，and who has the right to the smart city，Very important。The author pointed out，Smart City is manufactured，Bet365 app download Related research should clarify how they are manufactured、Who made it。So，Urban planning of smart cities needs to understand the complex characters played by various participants。other，Rebate smart cities in this way，You need to think about how the smart city plan and wider digital technology can be implemented and implemented，And who has the right to propose ownership and management rights。These considerations are the key to let smart cities research return to the main purpose of creating a more fair city。

The author thinks，This research has three important values。First，Research helps to promote the theoreticalization of complex politics。"Division Participants" is not a passive recipient，It is not a channel for intelligent policy，Instead, the actor bet365 best casino games who was "downgraded" under the current epistemological framework of smart cities。"Division Participants", although absent on the official planning stage，But they still actually participate in and actively shape the smart city plan。Next，Studies have inspired people to open up new ways to open up smart city planning。Last，Research will incorporate participants into different roles and relationships，By re -emphasizing the "gap participant"，To better observe and understand the complex political geography of smart cities。

　　(Chu Guofei/Compilation)