Bet365 app download According to the official website of Stanford University in the United States，"College of National Academy of Sciences" recently published Ran Abramitzky, a professor of economics at the school and Dallas Card, Assistant Professor of the University of Michigan Institute of Information College, The article "The calculation analysis of the American political speech in the past 140 years shows that the two parties' attitude towards immigration is increasingly polarized"。This study revealed the changes in attitudes of foreign immigrants since the late 19th century since the late 19th century: generally tending to be positive，But the difference between the two parties is deepened。

Immigration issues have always been hot issues in American politics，The hostility of immigrants is not new。to this day，There are still some American politicians who like to associate the immigration population with crimes，It even advocates prohibiting immigrants from some countries from entering the United States。Are these people's positions representative? In more than a century，How has the attitude of American politics changed to immigration?

Abramitzki and others have collected a total of 8 million speeches by the US Congress and President of the United States since 1880，Species a speech involving immigration issues from it，Among them, the speech of the National Association's lectures of 200,000 copies，President's speech 5,000 copies。Bet365 app download They use natural language processing (NLP) method to determine the attitude of the speech present (positive、Neutral、negative)，and sort out the words commonly used in immigration related discussions。People who oppose immigrants often use and crime、Threat、Cheap labor、Scarce、Legality、Terror -related words，People who support immigrants often use and work hard、Culture、Family、Community、Humanitarian needs、Words related to contributing to the country。Researchers also designed a novel algorithm based on context，to identify those non -human metaphors that are not obvious，For example, "Herd/SWARM), which is usually used to describe animals、Usually used to describe the "pouring" (pouring)。

Analysis indication，Before the 1920s，Political speech related to immigrants is negative as a whole; Bet365 lotto review 1945-1965，The speech begins to turn to positive aspects，The U.S. Congress passed the "Immigration and Nationality Law" in 1965。But，Since the end of the 1970s，The Democratic Party and the Republican Party's attitude towards immigration is becoming increasingly divided，Polarization tendency is particularly obvious after 2000。When talking about immigration，Republicans obviously use more negative words and non -human metaphors，Democrats use more positive words。and，Those who oppose immigrants show strong hostility。American politicians have a better attitude towards immigrants from European countries than non -European countries immigrants，Although both types of immigrants before the mid -20th century are not popular。

Researchers said，The attitude in political speech reflects the weakening bet365 Play online games of anti -immigrants in the United States，This is consistent with the results of the recent public opinion survey。In a survey carried out by Gallop in the United States in 2021，75%of the respondents said that immigrants brought benefits to the United States。It can also be seen from this study，Artificial intelligence technology provides a new possibility for studying complex social and political trends。Abramitzki said，"Modern computing technology and machine learning enables us to carefully analyze the information in 140 years，Otherwise，How can I read millions of speeches? "Cald emphasized the meaning of cross -disciplinary research，"We are through the history of economic history、Linguistics、Scholars in the field of computer and information science gathered together to solve the problem "。

　　(Wang Youran/Compilation)