Animal Economy Journal "Economic Behavior and Organization" October published "Can relief measures" boost "rules in the public health crisis? "One article，attracted the attention of academic circles for behavioral economics。In recent years，Behavioral economics not only becomes an important part of the subject of economics，Its research methods and achievements are also widely used in laws such as law。Published with some best -selling books，Ordinary people have also become interested in behavioral economics。To explore the core thoughts and methods of behavioral economics，Understand the development status and future trend of behavioral economics，The reporter interviewed relevant researchers。

 

 

 

　Progress: Progressive progress in the past 30 years

New classical economics builds its own analysis framework based on the premise of "rational people"，and long -term occupation of economics dominance。until the past 30 years，More and more behavioral economists have broken this situation with a series of "unreasonable" behavior research results。

 

As an emerging discipline，Behavioral Economics has won many times by the Nobel Prize in Economics，Its historical origins can be traced back to 1759 Adam Smith's "Moral Love Theory"。George Katona (George Katona) in the 1950s opened the psychological analysis of economic behavior，Go to Herbert Simon (Herbert Simon) to propose a limited bet365 Play online games rational hypothesis，By the end of the 1970s, the early 1970s and the early 1980s, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky proposed the prospect theory and Richard Thaler. "Psychological Account" concept，Until nearly 30 years of experimental research on social preferences，Study behavioral economics of micro individual decision -making has been widely used in social applications，Involved in finance、Policy Design、Enterprise Management、Health and other fields。

 

Cagri Kumru, an associate professor at the National University of Australia, said，Behavioral economics is interested in deviation of the typical concept of human behavior defined by economists。These deviations can be divided into three categories: non -standard preferences、Non -standard beliefs and non -standard decisions。Over the past 30 years，Behavioral economics has achieved substantial progress，Provides answers for the deviation of typical human behavior，Especially laboratory experiments and field experiments help people understand the strength and degree of deviation。All economic models are fundamentally decided based on consumers and companies such as consumers and companies，Therefore，Understanding the process of economic decision -making is important。Theoretical and experimental research on non -standard preferences and non -standard decision -making has continued for a while，It is expected to be like this in the future。

 

Evan Calford, a senior lecturer at the National University of Australia, believes，There are two main research directions in the behavior economics in the academic field。The first is to try to understand the random bet365 best casino games preferences of people，The second is the measurement of faith。Speaking of the influence of the information age on this field，Kumro said in an interview，In the era of big data，The number of data and the rapid progress in the collection speed allows people to have a better understanding of human behavior。but but，Many theories in behavioral economics need to be verified by laboratory experiments or field experiments。Therefore，Compared with other economics fields such as macroeconomics and public economics，The role of big data in the field of behavioral economics is relatively small。Kumro thinks，The convenience brought by digital technology makes people succumb more to temptation，Consumption more，Self -control issues have become one of the important research topics of behavioral economics。

 

"Help" is the concept advocated by Cyre in the book of the same name。Kumro said，Promoting policy design is an amazing achievement，It is mainly based on the development of the field of behavior economics in the past few decades。"Help" is defined as a tool that affects human behavior without changing the price。A very successful application to boost policy design is，In many countries，Home Energy Report and electricity bills are pushed together。Many studies indicate，Information about energy consumption can help save energy，The company will also use help to change the behavior of consumers and employers。For example，The prospect theory illustrates the importance of selection arrangement。When only small cups and large cups are available，Consumers usually choose small cups of drinks。When there are bet365 Play online games small cups、Mid -cup and large cup，They will choose a mid -cup drink。Many fast food chain shops and coffee shops use this strategy，prompting consumers to give up choosing a small cup。

 

　　Method: From laboratory experiments to field experiments

Kumro thinks，The development of behavioral economics affects other areas of economics，Such as public economics、Development Economics、Healthy Economics and Macroeconomics。Although behavioral economics has essentially expand our understanding of human behavior，But due to the theoretical complexity，The insights obtained in behavioral economics are difficult to expand the standard model。For example，Incorporating instantly incorporated into the standard macroeconomic model is not a simple task，We need to further improve the relevant theory。Calford said，From the historical perspective，behavioral economics has a solid theoretical basis。Compared with behavioral economics and experimental economics，One of the key reasons for psychology to "copy crisis" is that psychology lacks such a theoretical basis。

 

Current，Behavioral economists mainly rely on laboratory experiments and field experiments to obtain decision -making data。The 1960s and 1970s，Under the vigorous implementation of economists such as Caniman and Vernon Smith，Starting combination of behavioral economics and experimental economics。At the same time，Due to some limitations of laboratory experiments，Scholars will also turn attention to field experiments。

 

From Kumuro's view，Behavioral economics is the future of economics。To develop meaningful models，We need to better understand human behavior，Behavioral economics provides us with the necessary tools。No matter which Bet365 lotto review branch of scholars study economics，None of the views provided by behavioral economics，Therefore, it is necessary to master this discipline。What needs to be pointed out is，The cost of field experiments is very high，and young scholars may not be easy to get enough funds。But，Research methods for behavioral economics not only include field experiments，Researchers can start from theoretical research and laboratory experiments in the early stage of their career，Then turn to field experiments。Calford also thinks，Field experiments are just a part of the work content，Many basic experience knowledge comes from laboratory experiments，This experimental scale is much smaller than field experiments，It is also easy to perform。

 

　　Future: Supplement with traditional economics

New Classical Economics was opened from the "Marginal Revolution" and Marshall's economic ideological system from the late 19th century，Based on the assumption of rational people，Basic method is to work as a mathematical analysis and axiom of economic activities。20th Century，The rapid development of neoclassical economics。Behavioral Economics due to deviation from rational people，Since the date of birth, it has been at the edge position for a long time。

 

But，Traditional economics theory tends to analyze problems abstractly，Limited interpretation of some realistic economic issues。At the same time，With more and more evidence, there are irrational factors in people’s behavior decisions，For example, inconsistency of cross -period selection、Instant tendency、Probability judgment bias, etc.，Behavioral economics is gradually Bet365 app download valued，attracted a large number of new scholars to conduct related research。

 

For the relationship between the two，There are two sounds in the academic community。Some scholars think，Behavioral economics is a great challenge to neoclassical economics，represents the future development direction，The current efforts should be to refine the theoretical model with more universal significance。A considerable number of scholars think，Behavioral economics is a useful supplement to traditional economics。For this，Kumro said in an interview，Behavior Economics has expanded the new classical economics model，Provides content that other models cannot capture。Although neo -classical model is not as rich as the research results of behavioral economics，But they are easier to deal with，You can answer important questions，The two are complementary。As human behavior is one of the biggest mysteries we need to interpret，Behavioral economics will undoubtedly be an important research area for future economics。

 

Calford said，Behavioral economics and neoclassical economics are complementary relationships，not alternative relationship。Traditional economic models can predict behavior in a very wide environment，Behavioral economics can pay attention to areas that traditional economics theory cannot predict well。If you don’t understand the traditional economic model first，We cannot fully understand the situation and reasons for the failure of traditional economic theory。Behavioral economics can promote the development of traditional economics frameworks，But it must never give up Bet365 lotto review the traditional framework。