With the development of media technology and media culture，Media literacy education roughly experienced defense paradigm、Dating paradigm、Critical paradigm and empowerment paradigm。Compared with the West，my country's media literacy education starts late，But my country's media literacy education has surpassed the defensive paradigm and screening paradigm of Western media literacy，Enter the two stages directly，To achieve leapfrog development。I think，Contemporary media literacy education only emphasizes that "empowerment" is not enough，The steering from "empowerment" to "responsibility" should be realized，Finally realized the balanced development of the two。

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Media literacy education should shift from the "empowerment" paradigm to emphasizing the public's "responsibility" consciousness，This is the need for reality。

One，Public responsibility awareness during information dissemination needs to be improved。

A research data on the media maintenance of college students in Guangxi University shows that 77%of students believe that the current online speech is free，Among them, 21%of the students believe that they can be free to express their opinions and seriously infringe on the rights of others。A research on the media literacy of the student media of secondary vocational schools in Henan Province shows that most of the students' understanding of secondary vocational schools is blurred by the understanding of online ethics。Visible，Insufficient sense of responsibility makes the public lack self -restraint in information dissemination，Then lead to various out -of -model phenomena，For example, spoof、Pushing hands、Rumors、Infringement、Yellow News、Violation of public morality。

Bet365 lotto review Its two，The sense of responsibility in traditional media literacy education urgently needs to be strengthened。In other words，Traditional media literacy education tends to emphasize the responsibility of expanding freedom and ignoring responsibility。Many scholars directly define media literacy as a right (rights)。Some scholars think，"Media literacy is a kind of rights"; the essential connotation of media literacy education is to teach the public correct、Use your own rights。The current stage of "empowerment" in which you live clearly clearly advocates the purpose of media literacy education is to analyze、Inference、Development of communication and self -expression skills to enhance autonomy。From the history of the development of media literacy education，Defense paradigm、Delivery paradigm and critical paradigm, although did not directly propose the right of the audience，But its essence is still the expansion audience freedom。Defense paradigm reflects the position of the knowledge elite at that time，The purpose of emphasizing media literacy education is to help children absorb elite culture，Resisting the corrosion of mass culture。Dating paradigm based on the existence of the media culture itself，The purpose of emphasizing media literacy education is to help the audience accept good media culture。Critical paradigm advocates the first task of media literacy education is to cultivate the ability of the audience to criticize interpretation，Turn focusing on the critical interpretation of media text。In short，Whether it is helping children to resist the erosion of popular culture，It still helps the audience accept the good media culture and the critical interpretation of media culture，The purpose of media literacy education is to help the audience better resist the negative impact of media culture，Continuous expansion of the freedom of the audience。

　　Theoretical support of the turning of media literacy education

Media literacy education from "empowerment" to bet365 best casino games "responsibility"，This is not only required for the reality of media literacy education，It is also due to the objective requirements of various discipline theories that are closely related to media literacy。

Unity of freedom and responsibility reflected in the perspective of ethics。Marxist ethics thinks，Free choice and fulfill the responsibility is unified。The main body of the development of social history，People are dominated by historical laws，Have a certain free will。Since people have the right to choose freely，It should bear the moral responsibility brought by the free will，and measure the moral responsibility of choosing according to the degree of freedom when choosing。Media literacy education is essentially a moral education，It is to let the public know and follow the relevant specifications in the process of information dissemination，To better handle the relationship between yourself and the media。So，In addition to improving the public's recognition of media information，In addition to enhancing its autonomous control of information，In the education of media literacy education, the public's moral responsibility in the process of dealing with the media。

The perspective of law reflects the equivalent value relationship of rights and obligations。"Rights and obligations at the same value" is one of the basic principles of law，Its connotation includes two aspects。On the one hand，The total amount of rights and obligations of a society is equal。"If you do not enjoy the right nor fulfill your obligations, you can express it as zero，Then the relationship between rights and obligations can be expressed as a number of axes extending from zero -starting point to the opposite direction，Rights are positive numbers，Obligations are negative numbers，Positive numbers each exhibition is a scale，The negative number must also exhibit a length，Bet365 app download and the absolute value of positive numbers and negative numbers is always the same。"" On the other hand，In specific legal relations，Rights and obligations include each other。The scope of rights is the boundary of the obligation，Similarly，The scope of obligation is the boundary of rights。Traditional media literacy education is too inclined to expand the right and ignores obligations，This can easily lead to imbalance between the two。Contemporary media literacy education should be directed with awakening public social responsibility，Try to realize the equivalent of rights and obligations。

The social responsibility theory of the media emphasizes，Press freedom is an obligation right。Social Responsibility Theory was proposed by the Harchins Committee in the mid -1940s，It was accepted by most Western countries in the 1950s，and gradually replace the theory of liberal newspapers and periodicals to become the lead theory of most Western countries。

Unlike the liberal theory of the media is，The theory of social responsibility of the media，Press freedom is an obligation right。According to Peter Sen's point of view，This obligation is mainly reflected in three aspects: first，Value for personal。Expression freedom although it cannot be used for a person's personal purpose，But it has a close relationship with the existence and development of personal spirit。Second，Value to society。Expression freedom is an important source of wisdom in society，is the seed of germination and progress。third，Responsibility for truth。As the responsible theoretical said，If a person has a certain point of view，So he not only wants to say it，And he should say it。He should have obligations on his conscience and public well -being。This is an indispensable function of expressing ideological views is a responsibility -for the community，and is also something that Bet365 app download transcends the community -it can be said to be responsible for truth。

Traditional Media Age，The audience is more realized through news media and journalists to realize the right to press press。So，At this time, the theory of news communication emphasizes the social responsibility of professional journalists。As the audience becomes the publisher of the "participating news", it is directly exercised for the right of press freedom，Media literacy education for the audience should emphasize more social responsibility。

　　Basic Connotation of "Responsibility" in media literacy education

Responsible for your own words and deeds should be one of the basic connotations of "responsibility" in media literacy education。From the perspective of ethics，Moral responsibility refers to individuals to society、Others and their own obligations。Where，Individual responsibility for yourself is the basis for individual responsibilities to society and others。Marxist ethics thinks，Personal obligations for themselves should obey the obligations of individuals to society and others。From the perspective of social responsibility,，A person's obligation to bear his conscience is an important basis for expressing freedom rights。Converse，If a person does not bear this obligation to his own conscience，He is not eligible for this right，For example, using expression of freedom defamation、Rumoring and inciting hatred，or use freedom to deliberately defile the truth，etc.。That is to say，Only the moral obligations who are willing to assume with their rights，Only the right to have freedom and freedom of expression。

Make sure the authenticity of the disseminated information。The advent of the media era changed the original communication ecology，The public has transformed from pure information consumers to information producers and consumers。For the public as a consumer，Media literacy education has been carried out more Bet365 lotto review research and achieved certain results。For the public as a communicator，Media literacy education should give more attention。On the one hand，Different from professional news communicationers，Public information dissemination activities are not constrained by the professional ethics of news career，Therefore, it is imperative to build a new norms for ordinary public as communicationers。What to pay attention to is，No matter how to formulate a specification、How to strengthen media literacy education，Ensuring the authenticity of the communication information should be the most basic requirement for all communication activities。Only the real information is true，Environmental monitoring of Volkswagen Media、Contact coordination and cultural heritage can be played normally。On the other hand，The public information dissemination activities carried out by the public seem to belong to private behavior，But the spread of the network structure of the Internet，Private behavior is easy to rise into "public topics" through the integration of opinions and clusters，So as to have a strong social influence。

Establish awareness of the rule of law。Socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics is different from the rule of law of Western capitalist countries，my country is based on the historical characteristics and actual conditions of Chinese national conditions.。Under the environment of socialism with Chinese characteristics，Must let the public understand the normal、The importance of healthy network order，and consciously assume this responsibility，Commonly promote the formation of a good socialist rule of law environment。

(This article is the key project of Chongqing Municipal Social Science Planning "Regional Culture 'National Tide': Modern Treatment and Modern Treatment of Bayu Culture inheritance and Communication" (2021ndzd10)、2021 Southwest University Bet365 lotto review of Political Science and Law Curriculum Thoughtful Demonstration Course "Introduction to Journalism" staged results)

(Author Unit: School of Journalism and Communication of Southwest University Bet365 lotto review of Political Science and Law)