Liu Yechang (1921-2006)，Liaoning Liaoyang，Professor of Shandong Normal University、Doctoral supervisor，One of the main founders of the Discipline of Chinese World History。Mainly engaged in modern history of the world、Teaching and scientific research in American History，Representative works include "The History of the British Bourgeois Revolution", "A Brief History of the American Independence War", "The History of the American Civil War", "The Biography of Jefferson", "The Biography of Jefferson"。Former Counselor of the Chinese World Modern History Society、Director of Chinese History Society、Vice Chairman and Advisor of the Chinese American History Research Association。

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Liu Xunchang was born in May 1921 in a farming family in Liaoyang County, Liaoning Province (now Liaoyang City)，My father Liu Guolian is the Gongsheng in the late Qing Dynasty，There is a deep accomplishment in literature and history，Teaching in Liaoyang and Shenyang for a long time。Liu Xunchang was influenced by family from an early age，I developed the habit of reading reading，Especially love Chinese classical literature、History and culture。

Liu Xunchang is one of the main founders of the discipline of world history in my country，He has a strong career and sense of responsibility，For decades like one day，Concentric research，Achievements。

my country's world history system has been affected by the Soviet history system before the late 1970s，Dogvalism、Formulating、Simplified、Facebook and other problems。Since the end of the 1970s，Liu Xunchang and colleagues in the historians work together，Entering research and exploration with a scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts，He has participated in the editor -in -chief of "World History: Modern History" (Part 1、The following volume，People's Publishing House 1984 edition) and "World History · Modern History" (Part、Board，Higher Education Press 1992 Edition) and other textbooks。

In the above textbooks and the paper he wrote，Liu Yichang's contribution is mainly in the following aspects。

1. Dare to innovate in the theory and structure bet365 live casino games of modern history of the world。On the historical staging issue of history and the history of modern history，It advocates the development and evolution of five social and economic forms as the main clue of historical development，Based on the major changes in the economic form of global significance as the basis for the staging break，According to this historic concept，Explained and used a new historical staging method，Change "1640 to 1917", the world's modern time limit from the Soviet Union to 1500 to 1900，that is, the Geographical Discovery of Geographical Discovery, which began in the world of modern times in the world，Finally, around 1900, the world transitions to monopoly capitalism around 1900。

2. Make substantial improvement of the content and writing method of the world's modern history textbooks in colleges and universities。Change the past world history focuses on politics、Practice of economic history，added the content of social history; strengthened the research on the modern Western political and economic thoughts and social trends of thought; attached importance to the research on the industrial revolution and the scientific and technological revolution; the research of historical figures; filling the textbooks in theory and historical facts, White and so on。About Teaching Material writing method，Macro -research method and comparative research method of overall historical science，Standing from the perspective of all mankind，Practice the macro grasp of the history of world history。

3. I put forward my own opinions on many major problems in modern history of the world。If the British "1688 coup" is designated as the "1688 Revolution" instead of the "Glory Revolution" or "coup"。He thinks，The French Revolution is not a typical example of the bourgeois revolution，He denies the traditional "French hot moon coup is a counter -revolutionary" view，I believe that "a new period for starting the consolidation of revolutionary achievements and the construction of capitalist construction。He thinks，German unification does not exist in two roads，Only "top -down" through Prussia's dynasty war is the only way to unify Germany。He thinks，A series of reforms conducted by Western countries at bet365 best casino games the end of the 19th century stabilized the situation and regime in the West，Economic prosperity and the second industrial revolution have emerged。He also develops rural capitalism in the British Revolution、Land problems and excavation motion，Posted a unique profound insight。He also added social history in the "Higher Edition" textbook，It has its own uniqueness in the evaluation of the characters，These make the content of this new textbook more vivid and informative，It has reached a new height，This has created a modern history system with Chinese characteristics。

These three textbooks are used as the use of general textbooks for the country。"World History · Modern History" is also used as a key book for the National "Eight -Five Five Plan" and the National Education Commission "Facing the 21st Century Key Textbook" to promote it to the country，and won the first prize of the Outstanding Achievement of Humanities and Social Sciences in 1995。

4. The achievements in the field of scientific research in world history are remarkable。"A Brief History of the American Independence War" (1954 edition of the East China People's Publishing House) and "British Bourgeois Revolution" (New Knowledge Publishing House 1956 edition)，All are the pioneering work of the study of American and modern history in the history of my country，It is still a must -read book for graduate students in the United States and British history。

In addition to being proficient in English，Liu Xunchang is also proficient in Russian and Japanese。1956，Sanlian Bookstore published his main translation of "History of the Soviet Union"。

5. A comparative study of Chinese and Western civilization。Liu Xunchang School of Chinese and Western，Wide interest，There are many works in terms of world history and Chinese history，There are also deep accomplishments in Chinese history research。He wrote about Confucius、Mencius、Wang Anshi、Research articles from Wang Yangming and Zhuge Liang。

　　Enjoying the honor of American History

Liu Xunchang has achieved prominent achievements in the field of world history，The focus of its research is the history of the United States。His research on American history can be divided into three stages。First stage: 1949 to 1970，Mainly use the research results of the Soviet Union to propose Bet365 lotto review your own views。Phase II: 1970 to 1978，Start breaking the restraint of the Soviet history system，Using English first -hand information，Avoid formulating and dogmatic tendencies as much as possible，Write American History with Chinese characteristics，Road to independent research。Third stage: 1978 to 2006，Write a novel articles and monographs on the basis of completely independent research。

According to preliminary statistics，He wrote more than 30 papers about American history，Monostics 4，Translated 1 part。1954，East China People's Publishing House published "A Brief History of the American Independence War"，1978，People's Publishing House published "History of the American Civil War"。"History of the American Civil War" uses vivid language to make the largest scale in American history、The far -reaching civil war exhibition is now in front of readers，and introduced the society in the United States at that time、Politics、Economy、Thoughts and other conditions。

Liu Xunchang almost devoted all his energy to research on Thomas Jefferson。Jefferson is the author of the American Declaration，His thoughts have a great impact on the United States。Liu Xunchang's research allows more people to learn more about the US bourgeois thoughts and systems。He refers to hundreds of original English works，Millions of information and cards accumulated，On this basis。His monograph "Biography of Jefferson" was published by China Social Science Press in 1988。1994，He and Deng Hongfeng translated "Jefferson Collection"，Published by life, reading · Xinzhi Sanlian Bookstore。2005，"Jefferson's Full Biography" was published by Qilu Shu Society，This 1.3 million -word historical figure biography，It is Liu Xunchang after a large amount of information.、Test and verification historical facts，Fine carving，It took 14 years to complete，It is also the work of its seal。

About American Independence War，Research in the past focuses on struggle and politics against Britain、Economic Field，ignored the internal democratic reform，This dilutes the meaning of this revolution。Liu Xunchang is in his monograph、Editor's textbooks and related papers，Make up this shortcoming，Highlight bet365 live casino games the political and economic reform within the United States，Correct some of the false errors in the previous academic circles。He proposed: during the independent war，Deep reforms have also carried out in the United States。In the History of the American Civil War，Liu Xunchang pays attention to writing historical figures，"Through the thoughts and activities of the characters, and even the personality，Reproduction of historical events and processes "。Another，His "focus on writing black and tears，Not only the suffering and sorrow of black people under the southern slave system，and also write the deeds of the heroic struggle and the joy and disappointment after liberation "，Persist in seeking truth from facts，Objective comprehensive。

Another research field of Liu Xunchang is the American political system，His contribution is to demonstrate a large number of democratic factors during the North American colonial period。For a long time, people think，The British colonies in North America are a dark autocratic society，full of national oppression、Religious autocracy、Class exploitation、Contract slaves and black slaves。Liu Xunchang proposed，There are a lot of democratic factors in North America，These democratic factors are conducive to the development of North American capitalism，and paved the road for the independent war and the post -war US political system。

Liu Yichang's American history research has been highly affirmed in the Chinese and foreign academic circles，"History of the American Civil War" was recognized as the highest level of domestic American history research at that time。and his "Biography of Jefferson" with beautiful writing、meticulous logic and exquisite expositions won the extensive praise of the academic world，The book is rated as the first prize of the outstanding achievement of the outstanding achievement of social sciences in Shandong Province and the first humanities and social science research excellent results award for the national college。His "Through the Democratic Thoughts of Thomas Jefferson" ("History Research", No. 10, 1980) was translated into English，Published in "Chinese Studies in History，Spring，1981) Above。1981，Virginia Quarterly Bet365 lotto review Review，Summer，1981) published an American scholar's comment，Called "the Chinese have discovered Jefferson"。This article won the "Historical Research" Excellent Paper Award。1993，Liu Xunchang was invited to attend the "150th Anniversary Academic Lecture Meeting of Jeff Sun's Birth" hosted by the U.S. Congress Library，and made an academic report at the meeting，It is warmly welcome。

　　The lofty style of a generation of scholars

Liu Xunchang has achieved so academic achievements，Because of its noble character。He thinks，Life cannot be inhabited in the world，Should be someone who is useful for society，It should be responsible for the country to the people to the people，This life is only meaningful，Do not cause virtuality。As a teacher and historian，It should have a sense of mission and social responsibility，With historical teaching and writing, to your own responsibility，Introduce the historical experience and lessons of domestic and foreign, especially the United States, to learn from the capital。

Liu Xunchang has a strong career heart，This is the root cause of his achievement。He regards "doing learning as his own life"。He reads、Writing，Whether or not you holidays，never interrupted。The three -foot writing desk has a different attraction to him，Whenever he is sitting in front of the stage，A cup of tea and a pen in hand，Thinking will soar in the kingdom of knowledge like flying birds，Make him happy。Whether it is summer in summer、Winter severe cold，As long as a pen，He feels a great enjoyment。His indifferent material money enjoy，Life frugal，Pursuing "spiritual happiness"。He thinks，A person can’t just know that eating, drinking, playing，Reading、Writing is the biggest enjoyment。

Liu Xunchang has perseverance and perseverance of perseverance。He often uses "Tianxingjian in the Book of Changes，Gentleman is self -improving "。No matter what you do，Once the target is selected，I will always persist，Inconsistent purpose，Never stop。To exercise the body and will，He climb Qianfoshan every morning，Whether it is windy and rainy、The severe cold and cool summer，For decades like one day。Encountered heavy snow or heavy rain，It is also uninterrupted。

Liu Xunchang pays great attention to "Shide"。His bet365 live casino games requirements for students are very strict，Education students must first learn to "be a person"，Special emphasis on the use of the excellent traditional morals of the Chinese nation to educate students。For this，He studied the thoughts of Confucius and Mencius，Especially their traditional moral thoughts，I wrote a number of articles about Confucian Mencius Thought。Rigidity of his governance，Writing an article is meticulous，Words and sentences ask "Ci Hai" as soon as possible，The speculation in the writing、Crime Optimus。He is upright，A sense of justice，The business is bright and clear，Holding cleanliness，The traditional virtues of Chinese intellectuals show everywhere。

　(Author Unit: School of History and Culture, Shandong Normal University)