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Kunqu's aesthetic realm and cultural self -confidence

July 10, 2020 05:31 Source: "China Social Sciences", July 10, 2020, 1964, author: Liu Fang

　　"Crying the mountains all over the mountains，Nishi，Although the peony is good，How can he take the first place in the spring? "Du Li Niang on the stage re -traveling to his hometown，The audience in the stage also follows her heart，Let's pursue the dream dream with Liu Mengmei together。Kunqu opera with "Peony Pavilion" as one of the masterpieces，Under the new language context of the times, it is increasingly showing its own unique traditional cultural value。Kunqu style elegance、Beautiful form、Rich connotation，Pursuing the perfection of art depth and breadth、Extreme。It highly reflects the borrowing of its traditional elegant culture in our country、Gongcao、Elegant aesthetic style，At the same time, the literature、Art and thought integrates integrated，reached a deeper aesthetic realm。

　　Kunqu as an outstanding representative of my country's excellent traditional culture，Comprehensively deepen its aesthetic realm、Psychological meaning，Cultural trajectory that can help us see the recovery of Quyi and even non -genetic inheritance，Finally fell on the proposition of returning to cultural self -confidence。

　　Kunqu's poetic beauty

　　From the perspective of literary aesthetics，Kunqus essentially inherited the creative interest of Chinese traditional poetry。Before appearing in Kunqu，The literary style of folk South opera in the Yuan and Ming dynasties is natural、Not restricted、Vulgar。To the Ming Dynasty，The literati Telist thinks，Qu is the orthodox continuation of traditional Chinese poetry context，So in the creation of Kunqu scripts，Consciously add elegant elements and implicit styles。Wang Shizhenyun: "Three hundred articles bet365 best casino games have died and then there are Sao Fu。Sao Fu is difficult to enter，Then there are Gulefu。Gulefu well，and then Tang Jue Capture。For the Music Prefecture, Shao Wanqui，and then there are words。Words are not fast North Ear，and then North Song。Beicu does not harmonize South Ear，and then Nanqu。"So，The literati has always treated the Kunqu script with a cautious attitude of creating poetry -legendary creation。Because of this，Kunqu has a high degree of poetic beauty。

　　Kunqu's Quwen first has poetic and rhyme，The rhythm not only gives people a sense of rhythm and melody in the case of the case.，At the same time, each word is integrated with the music melody should be right。This needs for the aesthetics of text and sound，It is the inheritance of the sound aesthetic tradition of poetic literature。

　　Kunqu opera also has no shortage of poetic literary beauty，Its words are not blindly pursuing gorgeous，Instead, you need to pass through a little spiritual rhino behind the text，Pass a sense of "wonderful enlightenment" to readers。This wonderful enlightenment is the aesthetic theory advocated by "Canglang Poetry": "This is a business，is the color。"" "Popularity" and "Ben" have always been the state of resignation pursued by the creators of the Kunqu script。"Dingqing" in "Changsheng Hall"，"Hao Ming Chunyue calls flower branches，The beginning of the new Cheng Enze。Chang Yi Yu's heart is drunk，Happy year by year "four sentences are quoted from Yuan、Bai Juyi、Yong Tao、Zhao Yanzhao's poems，Not only enhances the characteristics of the beautiful and elegant drama，At the same time, it is also appropriately index，The artistic effect of the second creation of the blending of poems and track water and milk。

　　Kunqu's Qu Wen also has the beauty of emotional emotional。Poems can be promoted、View、Group、Resentment。bet365 Play online games and the beauty of literature in Kunqu，The most important thing is that it flows with poetic emotions。Writers "By the song of the ancients and scold and scold，Tao Writing My Depression and Complating "，Connecting the personal soul and emotion in the fresh figure in the pen，I have devoted a strong human common emotion in Kunqu works。"Peach Blossom Fan" [Ai Jiangnan] "See him from Zhulou，Seeing his banquet guest，Seeing his building collapsed "，In recent years, as a classic bridge section, it has been sought after on the Internet，It is closely related to the strong family conditions reflected in the singing section itself。

　　The beauty of art in Kunqu

　　Kunqu art is not only script literature、Poetry Literature，It is also a comprehensive art form that integrates diversified three -dimensional performance skills。Hundreds of years of stage practice，Make each skill reaches a very high artistic realm in the polishing and improvement。At the same time，These techniques also achieve each other through various exquisite coupling，Make Kunqu opera when the art category of Ronghui Packa，produced a combination effect that is far higher than the simple superposition of various skills。

　　In terms of singing skills，Kunqus pay attention to "Sounds and Ganxie Ganxie，Words are uniform in the end and abdomen.，Enlightenment，qi no fireworks，Enlightenment，radio pure fine "。Actors every vomit，All must be fully fitted with the sound of words and melody。Slowly vomit words，Make the listener "harmonious sex、Blood Qi Gas "，At the same time，Also integrates emotional forensic in singing，Expressing "Harmony between frustration、Sad hate、Emotional Love、British Qi "and other situations。

　　In performance skills，Kunqus pays attention to the end of the end of "qi" and "God"、Color meteorological。Description of the actor's costume、bet365 Play online games Color meteorological、Looking back，All the characters are all like characters。Actors need to simulate the sadness and joy of the people in the play with the overall "state" on the stage。As Xu Dachun's "Lefu Biography" quotes "Le Ji" said, "Fan Sounds，Born from the heart of people "。Therefore，The actor should set up a place，Taking the situation of the characters as its own situation，With the heart of the character as your own heart，Make the audience like the characters in the drama，Forgot to be in the theater。

　　In the skills of the body，Kunqu opera and simple dance performances are different，Its hand、Eye、Body、method、Step moves，It is the refined summary and freehand description of the Period Kunqu stage practice in a certain situation in a specific situation。Different characters，The actor's figure must be in the most beautiful attitude，Drawing the character image accurately，or dignified and beautiful，or Jiao Qiao and Qi，or chic，or brave and broad，Let the viewer look at his identity、temperament、Ejaculate，At the same time, you can feel the beauty of the body between the actors and the feet。Kunqu artist Wang Yiyou once discussed his stage experience in "Kunqu Severe Tips": "，Do not go straight ... Ziwu Yin Yang Shi，Five -toed grip engine ...，Look at it first ... "Emphasizing that the performers need to make full use of the activities between the various parts of the body，Use the body to bring each performance to a part of the entire stage performance temperament。

　　Another，There are various auxiliary art categories on the stage of Kunqu opera，such as delicate and elegant clothing、Qingyuan Youwan Silk Bamboo Inner。These art categories，If you look at it，Each one is not a boutique of art;，It is even more ubiquitous to feel beautiful。

　　The beauty of the philosophy of Kunqu

　　If you only rely on Bet365 lotto review strict and neat sound rhyme、Gorgeous text、Superb singing technology，Kunqu opera is not enough to reach the peak of aesthetics in traditional Chinese opera。The deepest in the Kunquest aesthetics，It is the attempt and discussion it made in the ideological field。

　　The legendary script is described by a large number of reality and illusions，Exploring the interpretation of dreams in Zhuangzi's philosophy and the relationship between "real" and "illusions"。On the stage of freehand in Kunqu，Actor with gorgeous performance、The stylized figure created the "false" of "false"，At the same time, use a vibrant expression、Kebai created the "real sense" of "immigration"。

　　other，When describing dreams to explore the proposition of "virtual reality"，Kunqu also expresses the "impermanence" thought with various wonderful storylines。Whether it is life and death，Still changes in the clouds，The hustle and bustle of everything on the stage will eventually return to the calm at the time of the end。This is the stage display of the philosophical statement of the "anti -Taoism" of Lao Tzu's cloud.。

　　Last，Some legendary works are affected by the tide of advanced thoughts of the Ming Dynasty，Under the inspiration of Wang Xue's left "people daily"，Actively think about nature、The relationship between desire and "reason"，The outstanding representative is "Peony Pavilion"。In Tang Xianzu's creative system dominated by "love"，"Love" is the cause of all stories，Is the return of life and death，is the source of literature and art，It is also the origin of the law。It is the ultimate portrayal of these Kunqu works for "love" as the object of "love"，The great power that makes the audience feel emotional。

　　The life of the era of Kunqu

　　Looking at human art hundred gardens，Many foreign drama category category is a show of a moment，bet365 Play online games However, it just focuses on a specific art form。Ru opera "song"，Dance drama "Dance"，Drama Reinforcement Dialogue。Of course there are many excellent works，Dialogue between the soul with the audience with gorgeous language。But like Kunqu，Poetic literary beauty、Diverse skills and profound philosophical beauty are naturally integrated，It is really difficult to find。Kunqu opera not only allowed all kinds of artistic elements to reach a very high level of art，At the same time, they can emit them unique brilliant glory when they collide with，It is hailed as a boutique on the top of the world of drama art，Decently。

　　At the same time，Promoting Quyi recovery、Today's self -confidence，Kunqu opera experience modernization、Simplified transformation，Revised new vitality。Writer Bai Xianyong's youth version of "Peony Pavilion" has been premiered in 2004，More than 350 games have been staged。When performing abroad，I even explored a new form of performances combined with Kunqu opera and modern song and dancing，Get unanimous praise。Garden version immersed in Kunqu "Floating Sixth" through the form of outdoor performance，Breaking the edge of the view，The audience can follow the performance，Watch while watching，This sense of self -consistency of active participation in its realm has also won a large number of young "fans"。

　　July 2019，The Ministry of Culture and Tourism issued the implementation of the "Quyi Inheritance Development Plan"，Special deployment of the inheritance of the inheritance of the inheritance of the inheritance of the inheritance of the inheritance of the Quiya intangible cultural heritage，From the perspective of the top -level design, solve the problem of the protection and inheritance of Quyi non -heritage projects，This is undoubtedly a gospel for the spread and development of Kunqu opera。When the cultural bet365 best casino games tradition and modern expression are projected at the same time in the ancient and beautiful and new literary form of Kunqu，We believe，A series of national excellent traditional culture, including Kunqu opera，It will further stimulate the great country's cultural self -confidence deep in everyone's heart，Taking excellent national culture as axis，solidly condenses the spiritual backbone of the Chinese nation。

　　(Author Unit: School of International Culture and Education, Nanjing Normal University)

Editor in charge: Changchang