As a socialist country where everything develops for the people,China does not simply pursue state power and national interests,But pay more attention to the common development of all mankind。The stronger China becomes,The better the position in the bet365 offers production system,While realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,The more we can provide universal benefits to all countries in the world,Powerfully promote the realization of the ideal of a community with a shared future for mankind。
bet365 offers economics takes as the research object the relationships formed in the economic activities of different actors with the country as the core in the international system,Discuss the constraining effect of this relationship on various actors and its counter-effects,And make regular summaries and predictions on the impact on international relations。
The main theoretical features of bet365 offers economics
As an integral part of Marxist political economy,Although the research objects of bet365 offers economics also include commodities such as commodities、Currency、Basic elements of political economy such as labor,But these elements are not the purpose of its research。Analysis from the perspective of subject attributes,bet365 offers economics is mainly subordinate to Marxist international relations theory in the research sequence of international politics,The path of theoretical construction should be based on the research logic of international politics。Because its research method is based on Marxist political economy,Therefore, it is also greatly influenced by the basic theory of Marxism。Compared with the theoretical perspectives of international political realism and international political liberalism,Marxism can more accurately point out the factors that play a long-term and stable role in the evolution of human civilization。
On questions about how individuals and groups behave under different historical conditions,Realists believe,“The root of political law is human nature,And since China、Since the classical philosophy of India and Greece worked to discover these laws,Human nature has not changed”;Liberals think,“Power doesn’t just come from the barrel of a gun,Also derived from interdependent asymmetry、The relative attractiveness of different promotions”。But Marxism emphasizes conducting research based on the production organization method under historical conditions,Believe that "people have certain changes in the social production of their lives、inevitable、A relationship that is not dependent on their will,That is, the production relations that are suitable for a certain stage of development of their material productive forces",And this ever-changing production relationship and the superstructure that existed in society at that time will form a "historical group" that dominates the entire society。In short,Realists believe that eternal human nature is the most fundamental reason for political behavior choices;Liberals believe that people will have sufficient willingness to cooperate because of "rationality",Thus greatly reducing the possibility of conflict;Marxists are concerned about the social changes brought about by the production relations determined by productivity and the resulting "complexity、Contradictory and incongruous superstructure”,And thus form a total social force to dominate the production and life of this era。It can be seen from this,Compared to realists and liberals,Marxists can more dynamically and objectively analyze the nature of the relationships between members of the bet365 offers system and the rules of their interactions,Neither adhere to certain fixed assumptions,Nor will we overestimate the role that "rationality" can play in bet365 offers politics。
The international system from the perspective of bet365 offers economics
Today’s international political economics is divided into multiple schools,Mainly includes realism、The three major schools of liberalism and Marxism,Among them, bet365 offers economics is the school with the most explanatory power,Has unique insights into the formation and operation of the international system。
First,bet365 offers economics affirms the huge role that globalized production and trade play in promoting productivity,Also emphasizes that the new production pattern will bring new unfair distribution,The rapid development momentum of globalization in the post-Cold War period needs to be viewed dialectically。Secondly,bet365 offers economics attaches great importance to the division of labor in the international production system,Believe that the international power possessed by countries at different levels of the industrial chain is directly related to their status,Therefore, major countries in the world hope to establish a relatively complete industrial system,And form a dominant position in the industrial structure of other countries。final,bet365 offers economics view,Globalized production helps improve productivity levels around the world。Although this does not mean that the social conditions of people in post-development areas can immediately reach the same level as people in developed countries,And the former inevitably becomes dependent on the latter to varying degrees,But after all, it has laid a social foundation for the development of local society。
It can be found by summarizing the above basic logical rules,The reason why developed countries often handle major bet365 offers affairs with a more consistent stance,The fundamental reason is that it has formed a "historical group" in the current bet365 offers production system that excludes the majority of developing countries。Out of consideration for the overall interests of one’s own group,Developed countries are not happy to see rising emerging countries,Many restrictive policies imposed on late-developing countries in high-tech and other cutting-edge fields,Relatively fully reflects this kind of thinking。Therefore,If a late-developing country tries to become a developed country,The cooperative relationship with the former should not be broken,Instead, we should increase investment in high value-added industries based on high and new technologies,Enhance your position in the bet365 offers production system by improving your own industrial structure,To gain more bet365 offers power。
The intrinsic connection between bet365 offers economics and a community with a shared future for mankind
A community with a shared future for mankind is an important part of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era,The basis of its construction logic is bet365 offers economy。The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee emphasized,We must uphold and improve an independent foreign policy of peace,Promote the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind。Under the theoretical framework of bet365 offers economics,Countries differ because of their positions in the global production system,Therefore have different international powers,Essentially homogeneous competition。But,Due to the differences in the ownership of the means of production and the production methods determined by the nature of the political power within each country,Not only makes the development path of each country different,It will also affect the foreign policies of different countries。As a socialist country where everything develops for the people,China does not simply pursue state power and national interests,But pay more attention to the common development of all mankind。The stronger China becomes,The better the position in the international production system,While realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,The more we can provide universal benefits to all countries in the world,Powerfully promote the realization of the ideal of a community with a shared future for mankind。
Facing the continuous spread of the new coronavirus pneumonia epidemic,Some important member states in the international community believe that global governance has failed,Only a nation-state can truly assume the responsibility of safeguarding national security when facing major threats。In fact,This is a partial view,Of course no international organization has the authority to supranational sovereignty,It is very easy for the phenomenon of "everyone to clear their doors" to occur in the initial stage of the epidemic。But,Since the basic purpose of the existence of the globalized production and trade system is to seek more economic benefits,When the crisis subsides, the capital power of each country will inevitably be motivated by the desire to make up for the losses suffered,And move more actively into a broader market。The globalized production and trading system did not end due to the raging epidemic,On the contrary, it will develop and grow even more because of its profit-seeking nature。China as a responsible big country,Not purely pursuing profit maximization,This can be clearly seen through the active cooperation with countries around the world in fighting the epidemic during the epidemic。China is more fair、The pursuit of building a global production and trade system with universal benefits is determined by Marxism。It is completely different from the neoliberal view adhered to by Western countries,bet365 offers economics opposes a mode of production entirely centered on capital,Because large-scale production without planning will inevitably bring about serious hidden dangers of overproduction and insufficient consumption capacity。Therefore,China emphasizes that countries should enhance communication and coordination on the basis of mutual respect for sovereignty,Avoid unnecessary vicious competition,There is a plan、Purposefully promote the global economy to embark on a path of sound development。
American bet365 offers relations theorist Waltz pointed out,The reason why the world has become bipolar,It was never because there were two groups opposing each other,But because the group leader has super strength。After more than 40 years of reform and opening up, China,Comprehensive national strength has been unprecedentedly improved,How to properly handle relations with countries around the world, especially major countries, has become an important issue that must be considered,The ability to view the development and evolution of the bet365 offers order scientifically is the first condition。
The theory based on the most direct method and the least amount of interference is the most effective,Therefore,Striving for simplification is the highest goal pursued by all theories。bet365 offers economics takes global production distribution as the entry point,Taking the production relations formed in this process as the most basic international environmental background,It can help us very clearly restore the basic path of the evolution of international relations,And point out the overall development trend in the future。Of course,It is impossible for any theoretical method to accurately predict all subtle matters without exception,bet365 offers economics also allows the existence of “exceptions”,Make a macro explanation and meso analysis of the overall development laws of international relations、Providing inspiration for the formulation of China’s foreign policy is the core function of this theory。
(The author is a special researcher at Nanjing Normal University Base, Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Theoretical bet365 offers of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics)
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