■ Jin Meisheng's "Vegetable Green Gourd Fertilization" (1956)

New Year's Painting，This traditional painting form is mainly in Chinese folk to avoid evil and drive evil、Pray for blessing and welcoming Xiang，Expressing some kind of decorative art form for people praying according to a certain program。Early ancestors of the ancestors for nature and rain and lightning、Poisonous insects, beasts and other phenomena that cannot be explained or fearful，Gradually formed the worship of the deity、Praying for the customs and other customs。Folk Legend Yao Shun era has door god paintings，Used to drive ghost pray。Eastern Han Dynasty Cai Yan recorded in his "Control"，The customs of "Shen Tu" and "Yu Bao" statue of "Shen Tu" and "Yu Bao" statues on the door of the Han Dynasty。Zhang Daimen God has been further developed during the Tang and Song dynasties，The invention of carving printing provides necessary technical conditions for the growth of New Year's paintings。From the Southern Song Dynasty，The type of New Year's paintings already has a god、Opera、Beauty、Baby play、Customs、Historical Stories, etc.。At the end of the year，Post the door god，For the use of disaster repellent and prayer for one year，Put a year more for a year。From the time of the Guangxu period, it was called "New Year Painting"，Shandong Yangjiabu、Kaifeng Zhuxian Town、Shandong Yangjiabu、Suzhou Taohuawu, etc. are all famous New Year Painting Town。Under the social background of the western learning Bet365 lotto review east，New Year's paintings also quietly changed，The New Year Painting of Shanghai Small School Farm will appear newly appeared in the society such as train、Shipping、Airplane、Circus、Acrobatic and other things、The market well is integrated into the painting，Quite urban style。

1942，Mao Zedong's "Speech at the Yan'an Literature and Art Symposium" was published，Pay attention to "Chinese Qi Pai、National Form "becomes the core connotation of various art forms of the border area，Literary workers closely combined with the new situation at the time penetrate into the grassroots level，Actively learn from folk literature and art，The new character and new deeds that appeared at the time，Participate in literary and artistic works in the propaganda revolution and anti -Japanese struggle，produced a group of reflection of the people's life，People can understand、Excellent literary works I like to see。New Year's Painting has been vigorously promoted in the field of art，Literary workers on the basis of drawing on folk New Year's paintings，Properly integrated proportional perspective that Western painting is good，Makes the characters in the New Year's paintings closer to the real person in reality，Very welcomed by the people。Ru Gu Yuan's "Fortune Fortune"、"Footfront Food" created by Qunqun、"Organization" created by Jiao Xinghe。Yan Han also expressed the anti -Japanese struggle of the Eighth Route Army at the time in the form of the year painting door god，Such as "Victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan", "Military and Civil Cooperation", etc.，The image is lively and novel，They are the "New Gate God" that protects the nation's peace，Become bet365 live casino games a New Year painting welcomed by ordinary people in the Anti -Japanese Democratic Base at that time，This new form has been pushed to the whole country with the establishment of New China.。

After the founding of New China，How to adapt to the needs of the construction and development of the new national state，Fully shape the image of the New China country、Telling the story of New China is the question of the most thought of literary artists in this period。For literary workers，New China's literature and art must absorb the strengths of modern European and American literary concepts，To maintain the root of the nation's tradition，Avoid taking the road of comprehensive westernization，Establish a new Chinese literature and art。At that time，A series of new literary and artistic policies with the purpose of "serving the people" to guide literary and art workers to create it easy to understand、Aesthetic orientation is closer to the works of workers and peasants，Mass -like art forms have developed greatly。

November 23, 1949，Mao Zedong's instructions agreed to be drafted by Cai Ruohong、"Instructions on Carrying out New Year Painting Work" published by Shen Yanbing, Minister of Culture,，Published on the "People's Daily" on November 27，Requires the art world to vigorous，But with new theme、The new content is different from the old New Year's painting。Due to Mao Zedong's advocacy、The Ministry of Culture leads active organization，The initiative of the New Year Painting Movement has been implemented by government departments at all levels。Cultural and Education Department、Publishing Agency、Literary workers are widely participated in this movement，Form a large "New Year Painting Movement"。

New Year's painting 摈 bet365 Play online games abandoned the content of the traditional old New Year painting，Breaking the stylish expression of the old year painting，Added new image elements，Some also have new poems、New Title。such as，Bai Yiru Creation、Signature of the "Cooperative Pig" of the Weifang New Year Painting Production Cooperation Group，Poetry: "Agricultural cooperation has division of labor，Men and women old and young work。Old Han Rest Fat Pig，Patriotic increase in production is really glorious "，It is easy to understand，It plays a good publicity role。Many originally engaged in oil painting、Chinese painting、Woodcut Artist，Ru Dong Xiwen、Ye Qianyu、Li Keran、Zhang Ye、Gu Yuan et al.，All joined the new year painting creation team，Even like Pan Tianshou、Huang Binhong is not good at New Year's paintings、The old artist of the figure painting also participated in this form of exploration，It makes the new year painting style new。

"Instructions on the work of the New Year's Painting" have a clear explanation for painting themes，For later marketing、The printing method also has detailed guidance and thorough deployment。"This year's New Year's painting should promote the great victory of the Chinese People's Liberation War and the People's Great Revolution，Promote the establishment of the People's Republic of China，Publicity Common Program，Publicity to carry out the revolutionary war to the end，Promote the recovery and development of industrial and agricultural production ... "、A happy struggle life and their heroic and healthy image "，Not only does it indicate the direction of the art worker "what"，Also gives specific measures for "how to draw"，Encourage art workers to boldly bet365 live casino games use folk forms that labor people like。Considering the economic conditions and purchasing power of the people，This instruction is in print、Issuing such details also made specific rules: strive to avoid flashy，Do not sell too high。Except for normal supply and marketing cooperatives、Xinhua Bookstore sales point outside，You can also effectively use small book stalls、Cargo Lang Bian、Fragrant candle shop and other civilized grassroots communication and sales channels，to expand the market of New Year's paintings。"People's Fine Arts" magazine also published a special number of the New Year in 1950，Many colleges and universities include the creation of New Year's paintings in formal courses，Educational Education Course in each grade。Some famous paintings of the painting monthly card that was popular in the old Shanghai，As Zheng Mando、Li Mubai、Jin Meisheng、He Yimei, etc.，Also joined the creative team of New Year painting，The characters in the painter's pen gradually changed to the image of the full and healthy of the production workers，To adapt to the aesthetic hobby of the working people。

In the actual creation process，Artists constantly explore，Combining Chinese traditional New Year painting language with Western realistic skills，and extensively absorb each painting element，Presented in the form of folk New Year's paintings，New requirements to adapt to the construction of socialist culture。In terms of styling, it is not blindly accommodating as the old year painting.，Not completely according to the artist's personal aesthetic taste，Show the artist’s aesthetic taste and the common appreciation habits of workers and Bet365 lotto review peasants、Fusion、The process of compromise。The characters of the New Year's paintings compared to the traditional old year painting，Pay more attention to the proportion of the human structure accurate、Following the facial features、Ching Chuan Shen，Color learning both the festive features of traditional New Year painting，The Ming Yan Reality of Western Western Watercolor Painting，It looks real and credible。Such as Jin Meisheng's "Vegetable Green Gourd Fertilization" portrait portrait in a light powder top and blue pants to choose fruits and vegetables，Head combed black hairbone，The skin is ruddy with white skin，It is the image of the sunny and healthy workers under the new era。

New Year's Painting in the subject matter is also by the door god in the old years、God of Wealth、Single elements such as the king of the stove gradually expand and enrich，Efforts to bring new policies、New Life、New character、Fresh Wind Shang into New Year's Painting Creation，From harvest、Auspicious、Festive to industrial and agricultural production construction scene、Army Bian、Marriage equality、Patriotic Story、Leaders and heroes and other themes are all included in the painting。On the basis of expressing the content of the new life, new life,，It is filled with a new era of the times and spirit，The heroes in the work have actually become the embodiment of the spirit of the times、People Ideal Type，Both people like to hear and see，It contains more elements of the times，Ru Lin Gang's "Zhao Guilan at the British Conference"、Jin Meisheng's "Harvest of Labor"、Li Mubai and Yu Feng's "New Female Workers"、Gewe's "Early Summer"、Zhang Daxin's "Wear Wood" and other Bet365 app download representative works。New Year's painting in the early national visual image of New China，Play an important role。

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(Author Unit: School of Media and Art, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications)