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Language Technology (Language Technology) refers to the Natural Language Processing，Research on the theory and method of effective communication through natural language。When the natural language processing technology reaches the machine, it can make the machine understand、Analysis and processing and feedback、Senior stage of producing human natural language，"Artificial Language Intelligence" (hereinafter referred to as "Language Intelligence") This concept also came into being。In recent years，Language technology is no longer limited to text、voice recognition、Input method、Automatic school pair、Information retrieval and other simple applications，Intelligent application technology that integrates multiple functions has emerged，If automatic translation、Automatic writing (can handle news、Technology papers、Novel、Poetry and other kinds of genres)、Human Machine Dialogue (widely used in e -commerce、Education、Finance、Entertainment and other industries)、Automatic Digest，and the natural language interface of various expert systems。With the neural network language model、Technology and other technologies of no supervision and deep learning constantly introduced new，The ability to understand and produce natural language is greatly improved，The development and application of language intelligence also reached a new high of history。

　　Language intelligence is a double -edged sword

Just as other technologies in the field of artificial intelligence，Language intelligence is a sharp double -edged sword for human society。On the one hand，The continuous breakthrough of technology makes the machine get closer and even to catch up with human language application ability，can generate huge economic and social value; on the other hand，Due to the unpredictable black box due to machine learning Bet365 lotto review and technology abuse that lacks ethical supervision and legal constraints，It may bring a lot of social risks。

Language intelligence is an important attribute that human beings are different from other species，It is an important link that human society can build and survive。If the machine is given a language intelligence，Human society will face a series of unprecedented ethical puzzles: whether machines with language intelligence and consciousness should be given social identity、How to define the human -machine relationship in the language life of human -machine sharing、How to construct a new order of language ecology coexisting in human -machine，etc.。Language Intelligence as the core and foundation of artificial intelligence，The problem it is facing is the common problem of artificial intelligence development。

　　Insufficient ethical attention to language technology development in China is not enough

Due to problem -oriented refined research tradition and the attention of the entire society for ethical issues，The West has gradually formed a special language technology ethics research。Research discussion forms diverse，Existing academic discussions、Industry blog、Scholar Lecture，There are also related courses for university，Technical ethics such as natural language processing (ethics in nlp)，Calculation Ethics in Language Technology (Computational Ethics in NLP、Fairness in Machine Learning。other，International organizations and industry associations，For example, UNESCO、EU (EU)、The Society of Electronics and Electrical Engineers (IEEE)、 Computer Association (ACM)、Artificial Intelligence Promotion Association (AAAI), etc.，It is researching or already proposed about artificial intelligence design、Ethical Code Proposal for Development and Application，All involve language intelligence。A large number of research points to specific problems exposed in language technology，Careful combing，All related attributes related to the language itself。

Discrimination and social fairness in language: When language technology is widely involved in bet365 best casino games social life and assisted humans to make intelligent decisions，The corpus used by training machine learning may carry prejudice，Intentional when encountering the preparation of R & D personnel、Unintentional situation of implicit value tendencies，It is easy to produce algorithm discrimination problems。Algorithm discrimination has attracted global attention，Involved in gender、race、Region、National、Age、Income、Religious and other groups。As long as there is an application for the public，How to eliminate discrimination or priority sorting of exclusive or priority sorting for specific people，It must be from technology、Questions considered on the work procedures and social system。

Cognitive function of language: Language can describe our cognition of the world。If the machine violates the authenticity of language expression, false information will be generated，For example, using the robot army to release criticism on social media、false information of commercial competitors，Information that is difficult to discern from true and false will bring the crisis of trust in the entire society。other，The cognitive function of the language enables the real existence of personal real language data，This involves the protection of personal privacy rights。

Social rules and communication functions of language: The most important function of language is the social rules and communication between equal subjects and unequal subjects。Once this function is borne by the machine，It will bring many influences of social life。For example, the PTE English test recognized by the Australian Immigration Department，All machine tests replaced artificial examination officers (including oral test)。Although many candidates reflect the regional differences of speaking and voice recognition in the test system，But personal proof difficulties，Unable to appeal。Similarly，Execute this function，It is also necessary to face problems that are violated in the principle of cooperation between language communication，For example, how to deal with uncivilized terms Bet365 lotto review and the principle of violation of sincerity (such as response to language intelligent crimes，Manipulating freedom will, etc.) Question。What is more terrible is，Once the machine has a negative effect with words and deeds，Lack of corresponding legal and social relief methods。

The aesthetic function of the language: When the machine creates an entertainment or literary work with language and text，It will face the distribution of intellectual property rights; when machinery works are full of cultural markets，In addition to avoiding bad coins from expel good currency，It is also necessary to avoid the creative power of language intelligence and strangle。

Technical development to a certain stage，All ethical problems will bring。The development of technology should stop at the ethical red line。Current，Domestic academic and industry circles are pursuing the technology development and application of language intelligence，It has not attached enough attention to the ethical problems of language intelligence。The first "Language Intelligence and Social Development" forum held at the end of 2018，Call for language intelligence industry、Ethical circles and social sectors and people，Establish a "Language Intelligence Ethics Committee"，Make sure language intelligence develops in the framework that conforms to human ethics。The "Declaration of Language Intelligence and Foreign Language Education" adopted by the meeting is a gratifying beginning，It indicates that the ethical attention of language intelligence has entered the public vision。But，Discussion on specific issues，For example, the ethical principles of language intelligence、Ethical review of the research and promotion of language intelligence technology、Language intelligence arbitration and social relief mechanisms that trigger ethical crisis，Nothing has not been put on the agenda。

　　Philosophy questions on the nature of language intelligence

Development from language technology to language intelligence，The required technical improvement is unprecedented，Each time you surpass all methodology, Bet365 app download play a decisive role behind。But，The rapid development of language intelligence has great uncertainty。Philosophy can often provide directional thinking for the study of new things，Ethical essence is actually moral philosophy，Each fundamental point of view，Different from the principles and specific rules of ethics。So，Not only technical progress needs to be thought about the original，Ethical problems in the development process，It is also necessary to study the aforementioned specific problems，Expand the philosophical question about the nature of language intelligence。

First of all、Think about the relationship between the world，Among them, the meaning of language to human beings (scientific assumptions with perception of intelligent "mental reading" alternative language，You can understand the real intention of human beings without passing language，directly pointing to the necessity of language existence); language is the home of human existence，The influence of the language ecology coexisting of human -machine on human beings; the necessity of distinguishing between machine language intelligence and human language intelligence (should you develop the smooth algorithm of the machine pronunciation，Imitation of personal vocal characteristics; whether to identify the language produced by the machine)。

Involved in the nature of artificial object language intelligence and people、The relationship between the world，The following questions need to be examined: the similarities and differences between the language intelligence of the machine and human language; whether the language intelligence of artificial objects should enjoy the same rights as human or natural objects; treat machines with language intelligence，It should be upholding human centerism、Natural centralism is still non -centralist universe ethics; if the machine is empowerment to use human language，Definition of the authorized person and the level of power。

These problems are all closely related to social life。Especially when more and more manpower work is replaced by artificial intelligence，If these problems are not properly bet365 Play online games solved，It will seriously affect the normal order of human society，Treatment of social crisis。

　　Technical progress of ethical norms to promote harmonious symbiosis

Sting from language technology to language intelligence，Some technologies began to move towards large -scale commercial，Its social benefits are obvious to all。But，We should also see，Drive to the interests behind the technical capital，Many unfamiliar technologies have been abused，Among them, there are all kinds of intentional or unintentional orientation、Unreasonable sorting with all preferences、Rejects such as special groups。Our field of vision should not only stay on the impact of technology on the industry (such as translation technology on the language service industry、The impact of automatic writing on the media industry, etc.)，but deeper、Consider the impact of language intelligence on the development of the entire society，From adaptability、The attention of the response strategy to turn to active risk control and ethical regulations。We need to from the relationship between language and human、The essence of a person、Language intelligent essence and other issues departure，Focusing on the direction of future human -computer coexistence and evolution。At the same time，We get along with the intelligent artificial language，Let us better understand ourselves from the development and application of language intelligence，Change our views on ourselves and the world and how to get along with the world。

Artificial Intelligence Ethics Standards released by the European Union on April 8, 2019，7 key conditions for "trustworthy artificial intelligence" list: human capacity and supervision ability、Safety、Privacy Data Management、Transparency、tolerance、Social Welfare、accountability mechanism，The pace of promoting development under the framework of rational regulation。We look forward to the language intelligent industry can also propose the ethical review process and specifications that are suitable for their own characteristics，Research projects with high risk regulation，Promoting bet365 live casino games health、Technical progress of harmonious symbiosis。

　　(This article is the new generation of information technology innovation project of the Ministry of Education's Science and Technology Development Center "Big Data -based Legal Incident Knowledge Outlet Construction Research" (2018A02017) phased results)

(Author Unit: School of Foreign Language and Law, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law)