architecture theory drawn psychology、Anthropology、Sociology、Linguistics、The essence of architecture research in news communication and political science，and expand it in the context of cognitive science，Analysis platform composed of language -cognition -society，Starting from the audience，Added cognition、Emotional and moral dimensions，Vocabulary、Corporate studies and discourse studies have broad application prospects。

architecture theory can be traced back to the "architecture" concept proposed by Butlated for the first time in 1932，It has a history of nearly 90 years to date，Showing multiple fields、Development trajectory of interdisciplinary disciplines。The 1960s，British anthropologist Betson in the article "Game and Phantom Theory"，Use the architecture to refer to a set of interactive information or meaningful behaviors within a certain space -time limit。From the mid -1970s to the 1990s，architecture research flourish。where，Representative of symbolic interactive theory、Canadian American sociologist Goffman research architecture from a sociological perspective。He thinks，The architecture plays a pillar role in the way to construct human and world interaction，Speakers and obedient rely on this stand to create and explain the meaning of communication。"Father of Artificial Intelligence" Minski proved in 1975 that the architecture is operable in the process of the characteristics，Provides a new valid method for artificial intelligence knowledge representation。American linguist、"Father of Fragments of Synthesis" Philmore Pushing the architecture from a language structure to a cognitive structure of the human bet365 Play online games experience，Create architecture semantics。American scholar Endman from the perspective of journalism and communication，Simpage the architecture into information -oriented medium architecture and an audience architecture with the recipient，enriched the perspective of architecture research。early 21st century，Founder of Cognitive Linguistics、American linguist Laosefu will architectural semantics、The architecture analysis of sociology and communication is introduced to the field of political discourse，Based on the latest research results of cognitive linguistics and neural cognitive sciences, the theory of architecture was created。

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Definition of architecture，The most representative of the most representative，Due to artificial intelligence、Sociology、Linguistics and cognitive linguistics are proposed。

Minsky thinks，architecture is a psychological signs of our world knowledge，Is the existence in human memory、Data structure that can be selected and retrieved if necessary，This structure includes a network full of nodes and relationships。Goffman thinks，Architecture refers to a group of people interpreted by a group of people to deal with the interpretation of the interactive situation of the organization。Philmore thinks，The architecture refers to the concept structure of the system，Most of our thinking is performed through unconscious conceptual architecture，This conceptual architecture is the psychological structure that organizes our thinking、The overall graphic and cognitive structure of experience。Lokov thinks，The architecture is the use of people to understand reality，and construct the psychological structure of what we think is a realistic，Affecting our perception and behavior。The definition of these four fields seems to be independent of each other，But in fact there is inherent bet365 live casino games logic and consistency。Four all emphasize the importance of structural representation，Minski and Gefman's perspective of emphasis on love，Minski and Phil Moore attach importance to knowledge representation，Philmore and Gofman both pay attention to human experience，Lokov is a master of the big master，Fusion of Minsky、The theory of Goffman and Philmore。

　　The architecture is integrated and metaphorical

The architecture is integrated，It absorbs psychology、Anthropology、Sociology、Artificial Intelligence、Linguistics、News Communication、Political Science、Related results in multiple disciplines such as cognitive science，It aims to explore the ontology of the language、Cognition、Society、Emotional、Psychological、Culture、Erotic use and other aspects，Analysis mode at the three levels of "Language -Cognition -Society" for language research。

At the same time，The architecture also has metaphorical。The architecture is divided into metaphorical architecture and non -hidden metaphysical architecture。Metaphor structure in discourse is more common，Metaphorical architecture is a mapping from one architecture to another architecture。In other words，architecture is more basic than metaphors，So，architecture theory can cover conceptual metaphorical theory，It can be regarded as the latest expansion of conceptual metaphorical theory。other，The architecture concept proposed by Betson is closely related to the concept of Yuan communication，The structure that people follow in the communication are highly abstracted from the communication activity，A symbolic relationship with actual communication，Metaphorical relationship。

　　Three core concepts of architecture theory

The first group of concepts are metaphorical and non -hidden architecture。Cognitive science believes，People think and communicate with architecture and metaphors，The architecture bet365 best casino games can be divided into metaphorical and non -hidden architecture，Metaphorical architecture is more common。The second group of concepts are surface architecture and deep architecture。Words can activate the surface architecture，The surface architecture is re -activated deep architecture。The structure of the structure of different levels，and only when the surface architecture is consistent with the deep architecture of the audience，is it easy to be accepted by the audience。The highest level of architecture is moral。The concept of the third group is static and dynamic architecture。The architecture is from the character、The relationship between characters and the event scenes involved in characters.。Compared with the static architecture，Dynamic architecture can better highlight the discourse subject based on the audience structure to build social reality、Dynamic process that affects audience decision -making。Dynamic architecture contains two forms，is the architecture and re -architecture。The re -architecture reflects the different ways of the discourse subject to the same facts。These three sets of concepts also reveal the specific operation steps of architecture analysis: identify the surface architecture in the discourse → the deep architecture of summarizing the words → the three elements of the specific analysis architecture → reveal the meaning of the architecture in a specific context and the subject of discourse discourse. intention of。

　　Standing theoretical research prospects broad

The application of architecture theory is mainly reflected in three aspects。One is vocabulary。architecture theory breaks through traditional semantics research only pays attention to the limitations of language ontology，Fully consider the context and its activated encyclopedia，Detailing the meaning of different aspects of the vocabulary，greatly expanded the visual field of vocabulary research。bet365 best casino games For example，The "Cross Road" in "He is at the crossroads" is different in different architectures: in the road architecture，"Cross Road" is the crossroads of traffic; in love architecture，"Cross Road" metaphor means that the relationship between him and the love partner is about to break up; in the structure of life，"Cross Road" metaphor refers to his major choice in life。

Two is in terms of conspiracy。People often "act with words" in daily communication，The two parties in communication can be based on different intentions and situations，Select the corresponding architecture for language organization and expression，Guide the audience to make a choice that meets expected。Face the same situation，Because everyone’s policy propositions are different，The selected architecture will be very different。Even if you use the same architecture，The subject of discourse also consciously highlights different sides according to their different policy tendencies。For example，Former Federal Reserve Chairman Berkenan uses the metaphorical structure of "Fiscal Cliff" to describe the same tax reduction and increase of expenses in the United States at the same time on January 1, 2013，It aims to emphasize the urgency of "increasing taxes", "reduction of expenses" and reducing fiscal deficit。and the Nobel Prize winner of Economics, Crugman, opposed the use of this word，Principles the metaphorical architecture of the use of "Austerity Bomb"，Advocate investment，Develop the economy，Do not consider the problem of fiscal deficit。Even for "fiscal cliff"，Fox News and CNN two American media also present a completely different aspect of the public to express their different opinions。The former tends to conservativeism，Opposition tax increase policy，High -frequency use "Hikes" (Hikes)，Highlight adverse consequences such as price increases and Bet365 app download rising tuition fees。The latter tends to progressism，Support tax increase policy，The word "revenue" (revenue "，Highlighting the tax burden is mainly for the upper class，Story from the government's stance clarifying taxes is good for the people。

Three is the study of discourse。The architecture is important in discourse deconstruction and construction。When deconstructing discourse，We can study the characters in the words more deeply、The relationship between characters、Event scenes and cultural factors participating in characters。When the discourse is constructed，architecture、Metaphor、Emotional、Tude than language expression is more important。We make good use of the architecture containing traditional Chinese culture and moral values ​​to construct Chinese discourse。For example，Recent architecture has played an important role in the "epidemic" of the national war。General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized "to rely on the people，At all costs，The people's war that resolutely wins this epidemic prevention and control、General Battle、Blocking War "。"People's War" is very Chinese cultural characteristics，originated from Mao Zedong military thought，The "justice" that contains war happens、The "mass" and the "overallness" of war practice in the war。Use the "People's War" to archite the response measures to fight against the epidemic，Not only can it highlight the importance of prevention and control，It can also evoke the sense of urgency and collective consciousness of the people，Make the war "epidemic" from individual behavior to collective behavior，It is conducive to building a "epidemic" community in war。In view of the systemic and cross -disciplinary nature of architecture theory，It can be foreseeable that the theory will be in neuroscience、Decision Consultation、Public diplomacy and other aspects have Bet365 lotto review broader development prospects。

　　(This article is the 2018 National Social Science Fund Key Project "General Secretary Xi Jinping Language Style Study" (18AY022) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: School of Foreign Languages ​​of Nanjing Normal University; Department of Foreign Languages ​​at the Central North College of Nanjing Normal University)