The main purpose of traditional second bet365 withdrawal acquisition research is to clarify the learner’s acquisition process and its influencing factors，The main research object is the interlanguage corpus produced by learners (natural output corpus or controlled output corpus)，That is product，Not processing，If you rely on interlanguage corpus to correct errors、Acquisition order、Research on the development process。can be seen，The traditional research paradigm emphasizes static offline research (off-line) on interlanguage as a product，Instead of interlanguage processing，That is, using interlanguage understanding、On-line research on output。Such a non-empirical research paradigm fails to further explore the bet365 withdrawal acquisition mechanism of second bet365 withdrawal learners。

In recent years，Research methods based on neurocognitive science have been widely used in second bet365 withdrawal acquisition research。Scholars from the perspective of neurolinguistics，Using EEG and brain imaging technology to study second bet365 withdrawal acquisition issues，Explore second bet365 withdrawal learners online、Neurocognitive mechanism of second bet365 withdrawal processing in real time。In the context of the rapid development of cognitive science，Research on second bet365 withdrawal acquisition should keep up with the forefront of international research，Learn from and utilize the paradigm of cognitive neuroscience，Enhancing the theoretical nature of discipline construction、Scientific and contemporary。

Using event-related potentials，ERP) as an example，International research on second bet365 withdrawal processing using this technology shows a strong trend。ERP is one of the cognitive neuroscience research methods，Reflecting real-time electrophysiological indicators of brain neurons implicit in cognitive processing，Features millisecond-level time resolution and online real-time continuous measurement。

Grammar is one of the key contents of second bet365 withdrawal learning。Chinese does not have morphological changes in the strict sense，Mainly use word order and function words to express grammatical relationships and grammatical meaning。Different from acquiring morphologically rich bet365 withdrawal，When acquiring Chinese sentences，Except syntax rules，The acquisition of semantic and pragmatic systems is also quite important。current，International scholars have begun to use ERP to examine the cognitive neural mechanism of syntactic processing。There are research findings，When expressing similar information in sentences，Use bet365 withdrawal devices with different degrees of grammaticalization，Different processing mechanisms may be present。As in Indo-European with tense，The morphosyntax mechanism is used when processing time information，And in languages ​​without tense，Using lexical semantic mechanism to process semantically rich time adverbs，The processing of highly grammatical aspect markers uses morphosyntactic mechanisms，Although the time information expressed by the two types of sentences is similar。The concepts and paradigms of the above research provide reference for research on the mechanism of Chinese second bet365 withdrawal acquisition。

Acquisition is one of the issues in second bet365 withdrawal processing research，Can second bet365 withdrawal speakers acquire the target bet365 withdrawal，Can we achieve a bet365 withdrawal processing level similar to that of a native bet365 withdrawal，All remain to be answered。Only through observation of learners’ offline results，May not be able to answer the above question。For example，If a second bet365 withdrawal speaker gets high scores in some tests，This test result does not mean that second bet365 withdrawal speakers have processing mechanisms similar to native speakers，Because it is difficult for us to judge whether they rely on bet365 withdrawal ability or explicit bet365 withdrawal knowledge，It is also impossible to know the automation level of their bet365 withdrawal processing。Existing theories believe，Factors that affect L2 syntax processing include age、Second bet365 withdrawal level、Similarities between first and second languages、Learning environment、Difficulty of syntactic structure, etc.。The uniqueness of overseas Chinese learners，Reflects the advantages of acquiring Chinese to a certain extent，This may have a positive impact on its processing mechanism，Thus promoting the rapid acquisition of high level automation of bet365 withdrawal processing。ERP explores the issue of syntax acquireability for overseas Chinese learners、Provides a breakthrough to understand the cognitive mechanism of Chinese syntax processing。

In ERP research on sentence processing，Violation paradigm is often used in experimental paradigms，Specific bet365 withdrawal violation sentences will cause greater stimulation to the subjects than sentences under correct conditions，Certain stimuli trigger typically predictable ERP patterns。Research on native bet365 withdrawal ERP related to sentence processing，Mainly N400、P600、AN and other ERP components。

N400 is a negative wave caused in a time window of about 400 milliseconds，Mainly related to semantic violations，Semantic connection、Inconsistencies such as word frequency may produce N400。P600 is the positive wave 500-900 milliseconds after stimulus presentation，Usually reflects a pattern violation、Syntax bet365 withdrawal complexity, etc.。AN (forehead negative wave) will appear in different time windows。Scholars believe，Forehead negative waves in different time windows are caused by different stimuli，Early left prefrontal negativity (ELAN) occurring at 100-300 ms is caused by part-of-speech violation，The left frontal negative wave (LAN) appearing at 300-500 milliseconds is caused by morphosyntactic bet365 withdrawal。In addition，In syntax violation，Can cause biphasic ERP pattern，That causes LAN to accompany P600。

N400 is usually used as an ERP indicator at the lexical and semantic level，P600、AN is usually used as an ERP indicator at the syntactic level。But the literature shows，The early negative components induced by different types of syntactic violations are not exactly the same，This is related to the extent to which lexical semantic information plays a role in processing。If you rely more on vocabulary and semantics，More like N400 in latency and scalp distribution。Combined with the characteristics of Chinese，Function words are one of the important grammatical devices in Chinese，But some parts of speech are unclear，Although it is defined as a function word，But there are still some lexical semantics in a transitional state of grammaticalization，It may also cause N400。In second bet365 withdrawal processing research，Second bet365 withdrawal processing is usually discussed with reference to the results of mother tongue processing。To understand the Chinese syntactic processing mechanism of overseas Chinese learners，You need to use the native Chinese bet365 withdrawal as a reference，This is also a direction that needs further development in research on Chinese bet365 withdrawal acquisition。

In addition to first bet365 withdrawal processing，Existing research on second bet365 withdrawal processing also brings us enlightenment。Relevant research shows，In semantic violation sentence，L2 speakers also have N400 caused by mother tongue processing，In the syntactic violation condition, it often causes P600 components similar to native bet365 withdrawal processing，But the delay in ERP latency observed during L2 processing，Smaller amplitude。In some L2 syntax ERP research，Same type of stimulation，Will trigger different ERP components for learners with different second bet365 withdrawal proficiency，If low-level learners trigger N400，High-level learners elicit P600 components similar to native speakers’ syntactic processing。This shows that with the improvement of second bet365 withdrawal level，ERP effect may produce qualitative changes，P600 is even used as a sign of native-like processing in some studies。L2 speakers may adopt different syntactic processing strategies at different levels: from lexical semantics to syntactic processing，That is, when processing more complex syntactic information，Low proficiency L2 speakers rely more on lexical semantics，High-level second bet365 withdrawal speakers rely on syntactic structure。

Combining the characteristics of Chinese grammar and semantics，We might as well make a bold assumption，Chinese as a second bet365 withdrawal may be different from second bet365 withdrawal learning of Indo-European languages。Of course，These hypotheses need to be confirmed or falsified relying on cognitive neuroscience technology。Currently domestic second bet365 withdrawal acquisition research has the conditions to establish a mature disciplinary theoretical system，Research on second bet365 withdrawal acquisition has also entered a new stage of development。In view of its interdisciplinary characteristics，We should keep up with the times，Absorb the results of cognitive neuroscience，Further standardizing the theory of second bet365 withdrawal acquisition discipline based on empirical research paradigm、Scientific construction。

　　(This article is a phased result of the Fundamental bet365 withdrawal Funds for the Central Universities Funded Project and the Huaqiao University Philosophy and Social Sciences Young Scholars Growth Project "Measurable bet365 withdrawal on the Syntactic Development of Chinese Intermediate Sentences Based on Syntactic Annotation Corpus" (21SKGC-QT04)

(Author’s unit: Chinese Education bet365 withdrawal Institute, Huaqiao University)