Look from the handed down literature and Oracle，On the occasion of Yin Zhou，Three new changes in the thoughts of heaven and man，It has a significant turning point in the development process of Chinese religious thoughts。Thinking of the factors of the destiny transfer and the theme narrative of the king's life -oriented theme during this period，ignited the fuse of the pre -Qin moral trend，Two Destiny and Wang De two as one、The main reason for the destiny of Jingtian and Baomin as the destiny，It is a major discovery of Zhou people's thinking about the relationship between heaven and man。

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Yin people call Wang Tianxia's legitimacy from the license of the gods。Yin people have the thoughts and traditions of respecting the sky。"Mozi · Together" "Tang Yan" said and Cheng Tang used black rams and himself for sacrifice (pure color for sacrifice for sacrifice) to sacrifice the emperor，Show Cheng Tang's respect for the sky。"Shangshu · Shangshu · Tang Oath" contains: "Wang said:‘ non -Taiwanese boy，Dare to say chaos，There are summer crimes，Destiny ... Awe God，Dare not to correct。'"Cheng Tang's speech at the mobilization conference of the cut summer mobilization conference，The idea of ​​establishing a government in accordance with the heavens is the legitimate basis for the Yin people to become the common owner of the world。

Yin Mo，Yin people enjoy the country for a long time，The concept of unchanged destiny is deeply fixed。From Wuding about 1250 BC to the middle 205 BC in mid -205 BC，Yin people's attitude towards the gods has changed significantly，Emperor Tian Emperor gradually faded out of the vision of Bu Renzhen。I contain the author based on "Oracle Collection" and "Oracle Collection Complex"，Emperor Tian Emperor in the Five Phase Five、Emperor Chen's statistics，The first issue of Wudingbu has 175 version of Oracle，The second issue of Zu Geng Zuju has 4 editions，Issue 3 廪 Xin Kang Dingbo has 5 editions，The fourth issue of Wu Yiwen Dingbu Bet365 lotto review has 11 editions，The fifth issue of Emperor Yiyi Xinbu is only 1 version。The Shang Wang of Yin Mo firmly believes that destiny has stabilized on the Yin people，No metastasis will occur，I think that the will to ask the Emperor to ask the Emperor's will is to be more in one fell swoop。This can be slightly glimpsed in the cognition of "I have no life in the sky" ("Shangshu · Shangshu Xibabe Li")。

Yin Mo's Shang King is not just asking about the opinions of the Emperor，There is also a phenomenon of insulting heaven。"Historical Records · Yin Benji": "Emperor Wu Yi has no way，As a person，God of God。and blog，Actions。God God is not winning，Naixue。For the leather sac，Blood，Shooting，Destiny ‘Shooting Sky’。"" In Wu Yi's view，Tian Shen regardless of the game，Still martial arts，Not as good as him。In this period,，Tian Shen was nicknamed "Emperor Little Gong" by Shang Wang Wang。"Oracle Collection" 34157: "Xin Hai Bu: Emperor Little Workers hurt me，侑 Thirty Small Prison。"means，Xinhai on this day: Emperor small worker will hurt us，Hold a sacrifice with thirty special breeding Mavericks。"Collection" 34482: "Xinhai Bu: Emperor Xiaogong Harm [I]。"means，Xinhai on this day: Emperor small worker will hurt us。"Collection" 34149: "Gui Yizhen: Emperor Five[Chen] Qi III [Small]。"means，Guiyi this day to ask: The three special -breed lambs will sacrifice the five emperors [courtier]。It can be said，Yin people use to build the foundation with respect to the sky，Yi Tian Li Zheng，And the end of Yin Wu and the gods of heaven and "Shooting Heaven"，Shang Wang called the god of heaven as "Emperor Little Gong"，Bu Ci rarely ask the emperor's movement，etc.，These are all the performances of the Shang King。

Yin Mo's disrespectful atmosphere spreads up and down in the field。"Shangshu · Shangshu · Weizi" contains: "Today Yin Min is a sacrifice of the gods to steal the gods，Used for，Food without food。"The sacrifice prepared for the theft of Yinmin's theft is not punished for sacrifice for sacrifice gods，First, it means that sacrifice has serious problems in management，So they were stolen before sacrifice; second, there may be phenomena that may be rushed and stolen theft。Yin Zhiguan Theft Bet365 app download Temple Festival Festival，Crimes of violating the bottom line of the god of God，This is the manifestation of Yin Zhi's officials and people。

Yin Mo，The King of Shang King Sacrifice to the ancestors，But regarding the fireworks of the Emperor who do not eat on earth，The sacrifices dedicated to the five courtiers of the Emperor Tian Emperor are also quite meager。Wu Yi and Tian Shen game, shooting the sky，Push the style of disrespect to heaven to peak。Yin Zhiguan Stealing Temple Sacrifice and Special Sacrifice，It shows that their awareness of the god of heaven has a cliff -like drama。From this，Yin Mo Chao and the Field of the Fast and Field becomes atmosphere，This is one of the changes in the thoughts of heaven and man in the period of Yin Zhou。

Thoughts that can be changed by Yin Mo Tian's destiny 

Facing the atmosphere of the gods in the face of the country and the field，Coupled with more serious internal and external problems，Yin Zhizong's relatives began to rethink the relationship between heaven and man。In the handed down literature，The representative is two articles: "Shangshu · Shangshu Xibabingli" and "Shangshu · Shangshu · Weizi";，It is confirmed with the handed down literature.、Field Hunting Category。

In "Siberbus"，Di Xin's ancestor ancestor said: "Heaven is 讫 讫 …… ...，Only Wang Qinai uses self -esteem。So heaven abandon me，No Kang Food。"Zu Yi believes，Emperor Tiandi has made a decision to end Yin Shang's life。This article also contains the ancestral sayings: "No Yu Tianda，Bulidi Rate Code。"Zuy criticized Emperor's will not predict the will of heaven，Do not follow the Code。Zuy's words conform to the truth of the fifth issue -Emperor Emperor almost no longer asks the emperor's decision，This approach itself is the most serious manifestation of the disrespect。

"Mozo" loading the microphone: "I use sinking to wine，Use the chaos to defeat Juede below。Yin Yan is not a big good grass to steal rape。Teachers of Qing Shi。"Weizi criticized the businessmen led by Dixin to drink and drink into the wind，corruption and corruption，The world that is coming to corrupt the ancestors。Yin Mo Shang people's disrespectful to the sky，Coupled with the wind of drinking and enjoyment，、Zu Yi and other people who have insight Bet365 app download people have a great impact。Although they are deeply affected by traditional religious thoughts，Can't jump out of the destiny thought 桎梏，But they soberly realized that destiny is about to move。"Weizi" contains the father and teacher: "Prince! Celestial poison disaster reduction and weekebin，Fang Xing Shen is abundant to wine，Nai Fei Fei，咈 Qiqi old people。"From the perspective of the father and teacher，Heavenly Disaster will destroy Yin Shang，And the King of Shang is drunk，Not afraid of God's power，Proposal from old ministers who have repeatedly inverted political experience。The meaning of the father and teacher is also the dealer of the gods。

"microons" also contains the words of microons: "Today Yin Qi lost，If it is involved in large water，Its Way Way。"This statement will fall into death，It's like a person involved in the big river and no crossing，I can't see the shore。As a prince, Wei Ziqi also believes that the death of the Yin Dynasty is imminent，This influence of this pair is huge。"Book of Songs · Da Ya · Wang" contains: "Grandson of Shang，Its beauty is not 100 million。Not only that，Hou Yu Zhou service。"This statement has a large number of businessmen in the end of Yin, and the descendants of the business people invest in Zhou people。Not only that，Shangzhishisa Men, who can also rebel in the Zhou。"Mandarin · Jin language first": "I have a pet，So he died from the glue。"The glue 鬲 鬲 鬲 臣，He believes that destiny is already in Zhou，Therefore, abandoned commercial investment week。

It can be known from the words of the father and teacher of "Weizi"，A big famine occurred in Di Xin。This great famine occurred，It is related to the large number of crops caused by the exhaustion of the Yellow River。"Mandarin · Zhou Shu" contains Zhou Chen's father's words: "The river is exhausted and the business die。"Rule Group Group does not care about natural disasters，Blind Shen Yue。Look at the Oracle Bone，Rule headed by Emperor Yidin's ruling group frequently went to various Fang Catian hunting all year round、Warning，Frequent wars of the war from the opponent's country，Severe interference and damage to these normal economic and social life of these countries，Constantly Bet365 app download accumulate the prevalence of the Quartet。and，Look at the fifth issue，The situation of "public" escape often occurs in Dayi Shang。There are a large number of soldiers who are called "crowds" in the army of Shangwang，The left in the Shang King、Middle、Right three army service，The situation of "public" escape often occurs in Dayi Shang。Visible，These "crowds" also believe that destiny is already in Zhou。

To sum up，The idea of ​​moving to Yin Mo Tian's destiny began to diffuse。Shang Wang confidently fate without changing，and Yin Zhizhisi、Royal Clan、Soldiers, etc., generally believe that God has hated the Shang King，Dorded from the Shang King，Vote from Zhou Rencheng。From this，The people of insight in Yin Mo euphemistically expressed the new understanding of the destiny who will be transferred，This is the second change of the thoughts of the thoughts of the heavenly people in the late Zhou Dynasty。

The occurrence of the thought of worshiping the people 

"Xiaobang Zhou" is a Fang Guo under the rule of Dayi commercial，​​Public opinion that the destiny will be transferred。Zhou people not only accepted the new cognition that can be changed by destiny，and do two important tasks in ideological mobilization: First, to promote Zhou Renjing's thoughts。Second is to reshape the image of the Emperor，Emperor Yin Zhitian changes from the god of nature into the personality god，and give Tiandi a moral consciousness，Emphasize God to love the people，Establish the image of the Zhou people's "protecting the people"。

The thought of Zhou Renjing Heaven，Both in the inscriptions and inscriptions are reflected。Zhou Yuan Oracle H11: 96: "Cost in the sky，囟 (Si) Dead。"This saying that the Zhou people held a ritual to inform Heaven in informed the Emperor，There will be no negligence。Here，Heaven has become the object of the Zhou people's festival。"Yin Zhou Jinwen Integration" 6014 "Zun "contains:，Cing The Ting Ting Yu Tian。"This respected was produced in the early Western Zhou Dynasty，The inscription is，After King Zhou Wu defeated Dayi Shang，Holding the ceremony to sue the sky。Emperor Tian Emperor is the supremacy of the fate，Originally, only the Shang king could bet365 best casino games commission the ancestor to communicate with God，But Yin Mo moved to the Zhou people with the mortal of the destiny，The situation where Zhou people can communicate with Tiandi。"Book of Songs · Da Ya · Daming": "King of this article，Care。Zhao Shi God，聿 多。Juee will not return，With Fang Guo。"This saying Zhou Wenwang Fengtian Emperor。

The occurrence of the thoughts of the Zhou people who protect the people，Beginning to reshape the image of the Emperor。Look at it from Yinxu，Heaven is the God of Nature，No appetite，Do not enjoy the sacrifice on earth。But at the time of Shang and Zhou dynasties，Zhou Ren has a new understanding of the Emperor。"Integrated" 4261 "Death"contains:" Essence (饎) God。"This is early Western Zhou utensils，Intellectuals and Zhou Wang uses "饎 (cooked food)" to sacrifice God。Zhou Ren made the Emperor from the Supreme God who did not eat the fireworks of the world to the personality god god goddess of sacrifice on earth。This is the first innovation of Zhou people to religion in Yin people。Zhou's second innovation is，Breaking the understanding of Yin people that the world cannot communicate directly with the emperor，Thinking of the king of the victims has the permissions that directly communicate with the emperor。"The Book of Songs · Da Ya · Emperor": "Emperor is the king of Wen:‘ Non -Nisaba Aid，Undead Yin Xian，As shore before birth。'"Here is the dialogue between the emperor and King Zhou Wenwen。The third innovation of Zhou people is，Heaven has never realized moral awareness of moral consciousness。Yinxu's resignation can not find the example of the emperor's moral consciousness。In the cognition of Yin people，Emperor Emperor Emperor Romance，No one's warmth，He will settle the worry about the world according to his wishes、Meteorological disaster，Destroy the city and even eliminate the city，Damage year，Help the enemy country in the war，etc.。In short，I can't see the love of the Emperor in the world in the resignation。Zhou Ren reshape the image of the emperor，The supremacy of the most caring and virtue caused by Emperor Tiandi。"Mandarin · Zhou Yuzhong" Shan Xianggong quoted "Big Oath" and said: "What the people want，Tian must follow it。"This means，The people bet365 best casino games want to get，Heaven will definitely obey the voice of the people。"Mandarin · Zhou Yu" also contains the poem "branch" made by Wang Keyin: "，Do not break。Broken it，You must not support。"" So far，Zhou Ren used Baomin as another aspect of respect。Jingtian and Baomin are like two sides of a coin，Baomin becomes an indispensable side of respect。From the eyes of King Zhou Wu，Protecting and stable people can get the favor of the Emperor who loves the people，is the decisive condition for getting destiny。

To sum up，Zhou Ben Xiaobang，I accept new cognition that can be changed by destiny，Rebelling the image of the Emperor Heaven，Emperor Yin Zhitian changes from the god of nature into the personality god，and give the sky moral consciousness，Emphasize God to love the people，It gave birth to the thoughts of Zhou people's "protecting the people"。Gongtian Baomin becomes the foundation of the minds of the Zhou people to establish the country，This is the three changes of the thoughts of heaven and man in the period of Yin Zhou。

(Author Unit: Chinese Academy of Chinese University of Foreign Studies)