August 5-10，16th International Logic、Methods and Science and Technology Philosophy Conference (CLMPST) held at the University of Prague, Czech Prague。More than 700 conference representatives from all over the world，Share and exchange their latest research results。I am fortunate to attend this meeting，The following is planned to summarize the top ten issues raised during the conference discussion。

　bet365 live casino games The nature of the real number set and its structure is one of the central topics of contemporary collection theory，It is also the focus of descriptive collection theory and real number collection theory。Because mathematical objects can be specified as the subset of Bell Space，Therefore, the technology in the descriptive collection theory and the real number collection theory can be applied to the entire math。Therefore，In some areas of mathematics，Can similar methods be applied to larger analysis objects? This problem has led to people's interest in higher research on Bell Space.。Research in this field is significantly different from the classic theory，Its proof combines concepts and technology in different fields in different fields，and other branches of mathematical logic。

　　The same sexual problem.Since Freder，The same sexual problem has always been resolved in the form of definition standards，These definition standards follow the context、Different applications and goals。The questions discussed at this meeting are: determination of the same sex in arithmetic、The connotation of proof is the same、The definition of the copy and calculating the second -order nature of the artificial material，and the same sex as the formal definition of the same sex。Arithmetic provides an accurate form of logic identity，But the higher type shows the tension between the scalability of the same function and the evaluation of the equivalent item。In the semantics of the theory，A sentence is recognized by all its proof sets with a common reasoning structure。Explain the connotation of these objects means maintaining their characteristics，At the same time, study the common meta theoretical properties such as harmony and stability。

　　Explanation logic.For thousands of years，Around many related interpretations of meta -problems，If the definition and relative nature of interpretation, there is no reliability of axioms; how can the openness and convergence of interpretation be based on; whether the convergence is one; whether the openness is infinitely diverse and has no boundary constraints; various interpretation perspectives and results Whether the standard of interpretation is based on true and false or reasonable and effective，etc.，Explain that the academic community has always been arguing。Chinese scholar Zhang Jiang proposes a "interpretation logic" that is different from classic logic and existing atypical logic，Suggestions to explain the certainty、Openness、convergence、Fusion、Effectiveness, etc. as an entry point to generate self -consistent axioms and rules。This is a new concept。But，The question that needs further thinking is，Is there an interpretation logic? What are the key concepts of explanation logic?

　Truth and progress.The progress of science lies in approaching the truth，This view is elaborated in Poper's trial and error theory。Poper emphasized that scientific theory is always speculative and error -correction，But the later theory may be closer to the facts than the previous theory。After David Miller and Paul Steter criticized Poper's definition of real similarity，People have discovered many methods to explore this problem。The logic of truth is to find the best definition closer to the truth。The issue of authenticity includes the claim of approaching the truth based on experience and non -empirical characteristics。So far，Hou Poper Truth Recent theory is usually assumed that the truth of certain certainty will be approached。but，Is the extension method looking for approximate probability truth，Or a refined research on truth indicators? These two paths are being explored。

　　Cause Bayesian Internet theory.In scientific philosophy，Bayesia has always been linked to the subjective interpretation of probability，It understands the probability as a degree of belief。In the past few years，Cause Bayesian network framework has been successfully applied to medicine、Neuroscience and Climate Science。This framework provides a clear expression of causal relationship，and developed methods from observation data to infer cause and effect。As long as the causal structure of the background assumption is correctly expressed in the observation data，These methods are reliable。but，The accuracy and legitimacy of these background assumptions is a controversial issue。What is the essence of these assumptions? Are they reasonable?

　History and theoretical science issues.History Science，Try to infer the past event from the past information retain、Strict description of the process and its relationship。opposite，Theoretical science，Not interested in any specific iconic event，Instead of interested in the type of event。The difference between this difference is related to the greater issue in epistemology: Does historical science provide different types of knowledge? Does historical science and theoretical science support each other?

　　"style" in mathematical philosophy.Although mathematics philosophers usually pay attention to proof、theorem、Concept、Definition、Calculation and formation concepts，But mathematics historians also use the concept of "style" to describe various mathematical results。Since the second half of the 19th century，"Structuralism" style has always dominated many mathematical branches。Under normal circumstances，Style concept is ambiguous in mathematics，It is usually close to the "general method" in a sense，Investigation、Organization and presenting a characteristic and unique way to present mathematical thought。other，Style concept is also used for personal or psychological meaning、Social or political significance、Literature or wider aesthetic significance。

　　Conceptual engineering issues.Concept is a cognitive tool we use in cognitive activities，The quality of our conceptual tool determines the quality of our corresponding cognitive activities。Based on this，The conceptual project adopts a specified point of view，Regulations what concepts should we have，instead of describing what concepts we actually have。Therefore，As a research topic，Its ultimate goal is to design a method to evaluate and improve the quality of the concept of cognitive tools，Identification concept that can be improved，and explain the relevant improvement strategies。but，So far concept engineering research is still preliminary。This meeting hopes to design a set of adaptable guidance strategies for the cognitive optimization of our conceptual tools。In view of this，Someone proposed to use the supplementary framework to make a procedural reconstruction of the Karnip -style interpretation，Or see the Karnap interpretation as a template method and alternative framework，or compare the theory of competition theory with conceptual projects，Evaluate the methodological framework of the improved engineering concept。

　　Big data philosophy issues.What is big data? Can we call it independent ontology entity?，Data accumulation and analysis should follow the same general mode，Should they be associated with a specific field? in all situations，Is the quality of information equally important? Can a community inspire from the experience of another community?，Big data also represents a social phenomenon，It has shaped commercial projects and R & D markets with "artificial intelligence" and "machine learning"，"Big Data" analysis may bring unknown employment opportunities and generate additional profits。But，I don’t know what big data is now，Criticism reflection seems to be necessary。

　　Cultural communication issues.All aspects of science and culture，Including epistemology and values、Expected questions and types of answers、Types of explanation and understanding that the actor wants to get。How to distinguish different science and culture? It can be distinguished according to the knowledge system insisted by the actor and the scientific practice they adopted，It can also be distinguished according to the unique material environment formed by the actor in this context。But this method may allow us to understand scientific culture as a temporary composition，instead of fixed entity。Scholars trying to solve include: What can be spread between science and culture? How does scientific communication affect culture?

(This article was funded by the National Social Science Fund's major project "The Frontier of Philosophy and theoretical Innovation" (18ZDA026) funding

(Author Unit: School of Philosophy and Social Development of Overseas Chinese University)