Well -known，Zhou Qin (Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period to the early Han Dynasty) was a peak period for the development of Chinese thought，It is also the formation and development period of the formation and development of the early Chinese philosophical school.。From the perspective of morphology，When doing "knowledge archeology" in Zhou Qinzi，We noticed that Zhou Qinzi learned two ideological characteristics: First, "private science" sex，The second is "local" sex。

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The academic community generally believes，The basic pattern of the three -generation academic structure represented by Zhou Dynasty is，"Consistent Officials", "Political and Education Union"，is the control of the academic "government"，Directly serving politics。So the historian Zhang Xuecheng in the Qing Dynasty inherited Liu Ye's "Zhou Guan" said，Special proposal "Six Classics History" theory，Think that the Six Classic Non -saints deliberately produced，but "Zhou Guan Old Code"，Although it reflects "Tao"，but not "Tao" itself。Three generations of learning in the government，No independent academic，Naturally, it is not possible to talk about the so -called philosophical school，The occurrence of the latter must stay in the late Spring and Autumn Period。From the perspective of knowledge sociology，The rise of private science is manifested as a new knowledge inheritance、The generation of innovation mechanism，On the other hand, it is reflected in the formation of the new knowledge subject "Shi" class。The nobles in the three generations of society are the subject of knowledge，Because of its "guarding its officials"，Therefore, often "abide by its own business"，Control the inheritance of professional knowledge in the form of "family"。Entrusted with social life since bet365 Play online games the Spring and Autumn Period、Division of the field of knowledge and the expansion of local princes' power，The status of the traditional aristocratic class is greatly impacted，The monopoly control of professional knowledge no existence，Instead of the emerging "taxi" class。Compared to the traditional noble class，The "officials" of the emerging "officials"，It is an independent knowledge subject，It develops interested in exploring the principles of universal knowledge in the new era of knowledge differentiation，Typical people such as Confucius Youyun "Chao Wen Tao，The death of the evening is "。

Here，We must point out，Zixue's "conscious" pursuit of the general "consciousness" pursuit of the private "opinion" of the sons is in the same place。The reason is，The rise of the class is a challenge to the noble class，Due to its "identity", it is in a state of "仕"，It objectively cooperates with the "king" right and gets the support of the "king" right，Therefore, the scholar seeks "Tao" and intersects with its identity of "Wang Zheng"，It has a "response" sex。Therefore, the class is inherently clouded "(the sons) leads one end，Chong Qi's good，Say Chi for this，Take the Princes "，Hu Shi also said that "the learning is born with the world"。That's for this，The "officials and prosights" of the sons from school will be discussed and said，As Zhang Xuecheng said，Due to the division of officials and teachers，For those who are not young, "teach" without "based"，Therefore, "learning" is "private" and "Tao" is "public"，From this scholar's expression of this universal "Tao", instead manifests it as a "special character"，presents "Tao"。For this，"Zhuangzi · Tianxia Chapter" has a very brilliant discussion: "The world is chaotic，Sages are unknown，Morality is not the same，There is a lot of inspection in the world to be self -good ... The people in the world are their own desire to be self -esteem ... Taoism will crack the world。"Zhuangzi accused Bet365 app download the princes who were" self -thought "，Its "the beauty of the world，Analyzing the theory of all things "，Just like the seven tips of chaos。Although the child learns its "private" opinion，From the perspective of the history of philosophy，The "one -sided" nature of Zixue has its positive significance，It is the position、"One -sided" sex of the perspective angle，Scholars have achieved higher levels of reflection，The "private" of my son's learning is a price that must be paid。

Since Zixue must develop on the basis of private science，Does this mean that the child learning has nothing to do with the traditional official system? Really also。Looking at several important schools in the pre -Qin Dynasty，The theme of its doctrine has a "function" background，Show it still has a certain relationship with the traditional official mode of officials and teachers。Here we need to distinguish the "sub -school" of the "school" door and the "sub -school" as the personal family's words，The latter's development after the Warring States Period is still within the scope of the former school，and the former has a certain academic inheritance relationship with the official learning。As early as Western Han，Liu Ye has the saying "the pre -Qin sons from the king official"，Eastern Han Dynasty Ban Gu Jizhi，Ten people including "Confucianism" in "Hanshu · Yi Wen Zhi" in "Hanshu · Yi Wen Zhi"，Except "Miscellaneous Home"，The other people (nine flows) have their own "sub -learning".，It is based on "home" unified "Zi"。The "Ten Family" in Ban Gu is really a "sub -school" school in the usual sense，It is out of the "king official" guard，Therefore, there is a "function" field of learning，"Home" and "Home" are independent，Non -fusion，The "Zhuzi" said is the personal "watch theory"。Therefore, according to Ban Gu's statement，"Zi Xue" although there are "private" sex that the sons deliberately said，and the "home" (school) they have, there is a background of the "official school" function。Modern Bet365 app download scholar Zhang Taiyan、Fu Sinian also has a considerable discussion about the official background of the Zixue School，Li Zero has analyzed the "Knowledge System" behind the pre -Qin and Qinzi learning from the perspective of "free academic" from "free academic" in recent years，Empirical correction of "the sons from the king"。Annial explanation，Zhou Qinzi's learning is the product of "private science"，and have a special "function"，Therefore, the formation of the early Chinese philosophy school，Although the former is fundamental, the latter cannot be ignored。

　　"Local" sex of Zixue

As a political and cultural community，"China" is basically formed in the Han Dynasty，Before Qin Yifan Shandong six kingdoms，Local political community is exchanging and interactive，The respective culture still maintains considerable regional characteristics，so that we can name it in the name of geography，For example, Qi Culture、Chu Culture，etc.。Although we generally think that "child learning" has universal ideological characteristics，But the facts of different local cultural committees have something to do with "sub -learning"。It can be said，At the beginning of a certain child, Xing Duo was related to the culture of a certain area，Then, on this basis, it gradually breaks away from the attributes of a special local culture，and extend to a more common level。Therefore, Mongolongtong once broke: "Local color can be said to be an important symbol of the thought of the pre -Qin sons。”

About the composition of Zhou Qinzi Xue School，"Zhuzi Baijia" naturally refers to the general name，Its actual number is to say "six" and "ten" (nine streams)。"Six Family" said in Sima Tan's "On the Sixth Rebellion"，Wen Yun: "Fu Yin and Yang、Confucian、Ink、Name、Moral，This service is also，Zhi Zhi Road，There is a saved ear -not ear。"and" Ten Family "said that Ban Gu" Han Shu · Yi Wenzhi "，It is listed in order to be Confucian、Taoist、Yinyang Home、Legalist、Bet365 lotto review Famous artists、Mojia and other ten houses。Comprehensive two theory，From the perspective of philosophy，Zhou Qinzi Xue School mainly has Confucianism、Ink、Tao、method、Name、Yin Yang Six Family，From the perspective of the pattern of pre -Qin thought argument，Confucianism again、method、Tao three are fundamental，It is corresponding to the East Qilu Culture、Southern Chu Culture、Western Sanjin Culture。It is true，Confucian、method、Dao's three positions、The difference between thought is the result of the evolution of the pre -Qin thoughts，It can be regarded as a different mental orientation made by Zhou Qinshi when dealing with the complex evolution of society，But this choice is not "abstract"、No Yingyi，but the background of regional culture as support。I am rather，Different sons school first bred in a certain regional culture and is mainly popular in this area，Then with the frequent interaction between the regional political community，Gradually evolved to expand to beyond regional doctrine，From the "local" sex school to the "global" sex school。Of course，This process accompanies the competition theory of different sub -school schools，It can be said that the dispute between the sons is both the dispute between the moral and mental direction，It is also a dispute over regional culture，The intersection of the real two。

There are also different priorities for the treatment of sub -learning school and regional cultural relations，or Confrontation of things，or the three parties of the main South Northeast:，This depends on our understanding of the competition pattern of school。Fu Sinian's first east -west academic theory，instead of giving it to the Southern Daojia with the corresponding status。According to Fu's famous "Yixia West theory"，Three generations and previous，"The situation of geography only has something to do，There is no limit of north and south "，This is also the time to the south of the Jin Dynasty。Therefore, bet365 best casino games although the "local" nature of the clouds of the country, although there is "but the country is not limited to the north, south and east,"，In fact, I still understand Zhou Qinzi from the opposition。where，The West is the Sanjin French official，East is the learning of Qilu，and Fu's special differences in Qi Zhizhi's religious metaphysics and Lu Zhi Confucian ritual。This，Fu's yin and yang、Lu Zhiru、Jin's method constitutes the framework of the Warring States Period，As for the south, there is no independent status，No placement。As for the south, there is no independent status，He developed from the "local" state of bet365 Play online games the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods into a unified civilized country consideration，and the three are constitute the cultural foundation of the unified pattern of the Qin and Han dynasties，In his words, "unified China with religion and metaphysics", "Lu Yi's ethics and etiquette unified China", "Sanjin area with official surgery to unify China"。

Compared to Fu Sinian's neglect of Southern Taoist houses，Mongolian Tong Positioning Zhou Qin Academic。He thinks，Zhou Qin's academic dispute is the basis of Confucianism and law，The former is the learning of the East，The latter is the study of the north。The fundamental difference between the East (Taking Confucianism -oriented) and the study of the north (based on the law) lies in the "benevolent" saying，The former Lord Renpin，The latter contempts。As for Taoist learning，then in the south，It is wrong between Confucianism and law，But the learning of Renyi is also rejected。Obviously，Such a seed school geographical system is based on Confucian/French East/Western opposition，Southern Taoist Taoism in the position of the affiliated pattern，Its purpose is to establish the authentic status of the Eastern Confucianism's "study of righteousness"。Comprehensive East and Western Theory and the three parties of the southeast and northeast，We believe that the basic composition bet365 Play online games of Zhou Qinzi's early geographical space is the Confucian of Qi (Lu)、Chu Taoist Taoist、Jinzhizhi。In the later period，Due to the breakthroughs of the parties and the fusion of the schools，Substituing has the evolution of variation and differences in morphology，So as more complicated "local" sex。

To sum up，"Private Studies" and "Local" constitute the morphological characteristics of Zhou Qinzi's learning，The former has political space dimensions，The latter has the meaning of geographical space。Therefore, in general，Zhou Qinzi's learning has a clear "space" morphology。

　　(Author Unit: Department of Philosophy of Suzhou University)