Lu Junyan: Government governance dilemma in the era of artificial intelligence
May 29, 2019 08:59 Source: "China Social Sciences", May 29, 2019, No. 1702, author: Lu Junyan

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Artificial Intelligence Age,The advanced progress of technology has gradually diversified and intelligent。Especially today with the widely used machine algorithm,Technical innovation influence and change the method of government governance。But,The government uses algorithm technology as a governance tool,Easy to pursue technical efficiency easily,ignore the well -being of citizens、Social fair equal value concept。Data algorithm strengthens the government's tool rationality,Enhance the ability of government monitoring society。but,How to tame the "Saidan" in the era of artificial intelligence,It is an unavoidable problem for government governance。

 Different from technical and political relations

Study on the impact of technology on political change,It has gradually developed into a manifestation abroad,That is scientific and technological relations。Hungarian famous philosopher Lukaci pointed out,The better the development of science and technology,The farther it is from the person itself,It is easy to develop into one -sided、Tools of the ruler。Malkase thinks,Technological development should have become the power of liberating humanity,But in a capitalist society,Science and Technology has become a new way of control。From the perspective of Malcusce,The way technology transforms into a way to control society means alienation of technology。Technical means occupy the freedom and labor time of citizens,The way of thinking that causes bet365 Play online games a single -sided and simplified citizen。Habermas further pointed out "science and technology is ideology",and criticize the alienation of technology。Habermas believes that technology is not a neutral value,but carrying political value。The development of technology is easy to cause politics to fall into a strange circle of technical experts。In modern society,Science and technology gradually rise into institutional framework,and have a profound impact on politics。

Scientific and technological development is also closely related to the reconstruction of political order。Fundamental speaking,Technology itself contains the possibility and tendency of alienation。Duan Weiwen thinks,Technology has the danger of controlling politics。He pointed out that artificial intelligence in dealing with decision -making problems,You can determine the optimal solution through accurate data and algorithms。This weakens the subjectivity of participation,By then affects the legitimacy of government decision -making。Artificial intelligence is likely to become a new "national machine" with responsibility for decision -making。In this case,Not only will weaken the political significance of the people's democratic consultation,It will even greatly damage the concept of modern democracy。So,Zhou Yan proposed to use political limited technology to solve the dilemma of technological development。Specifically,Government departments need to define the development of technology,To better use technical progress to benefit human beings。Zhou Yan thinks,"Lock" technology with politics,Not only to defend human dignity,It is to lead the society to develop a more favorable direction。

  Technical autonomy and governance failure

The machine algorithm Bet365 app download as a tool for digital governance of the government,Make humans face the risk of technical rule。This risk is mainly reflected in the reverse adaptability of algorithm technology: The machine algorithm does not actively respond to human guidance,Instead, humans are required to adapt to modern technology system。Technology has autonomy,but people lose freedom。Humans will obey the specifications of the algorithm,The operating environment of adapting algorithm technology,Then cause the failure of government governance。Specifically,This governance failure is mainly reflected in three aspects。

First,Algorithm Black Box and government decision errors。On the one hand,Algorithm Black Box reduces the legality of government decision -making。The algorithm can be seen and understood,Only input and output:,The information processing process is an unknown "hidden layer"。The existence of the black box of the algorithm,Make artificial intelligence in the political field lacks effective explanations。Transfer the government's final decision -making power to the algorithm of "no emotion",This decision may not only make major mistakes due to "big data arrogance",More violates the concept of political democracy。Politics is the art of human,Government decision -making often has no absolute right and wrong,The basis behind "right or wrong" is usually the interpretation of decision -making whether it can be accepted by most people。Master of Political Theory Montesquien believes,Only under the basic consensus,Benevolence can only happen,and the current artificial intelligence lacks this ability。On the other hand,Algorithm Black Box reduces the effectiveness of government decision -making。Fukuyama bet365 Play online games pointed out in its new work "Identity",Social media and the Internet have contributed to some self -sufficient communities,They are not physical barriers,Instead of being separated by a common identity。Algorithms make people easier to hear like -minded assertions,But it also created a good self -sensation,It is difficult to absorb the voices of the opponent。This is the so -called "information cocoon house" of American scholar Santan: people only pay attention to their interest,But more and more understanding the outside world。"Cocoon Room" people have strengthened internal identity,The opinions of the isolated group form a force that crushes everything,Government governance may move towards the ending of the opposite of the group forces。other,People under the "Cocoon Room" also lack public consciousness,It is difficult to form a common perspective,Disputes of government decision -making。

2,Algorithm monitoring and government ethical dislike。As a human organization,The final tailoring of government decision -making should be handed over to humans。But in the era of artificial intelligence,Society is rapid data,Ethical issues appear as follows。The machine algorithm has mastered a lot of personal information,It can be used as a basis for decision -making by assigning individuals。other,The gradual popularized smart devices have also become a comprehensive recorder of personal data。When the machine algorithm monitors enough data,Whether it will make human society slip towards a comprehensive "digital dictatorship",Then formation ubiquitous discrimination? Another manifestation of government ethics is the violation of citizens' privacy。The accuracy of the machine algorithm depends on the bet365 Play online games integrity of the information,When the machine algorithm monitors enough data,Often sacrificing your own privacy,So as to constantly fall into the so -called "ring prison" of Bianqin,I can't see the monitor,But I do know that I am monitored。In the era of algorithm,Individuals will lose the complete control of personal information。The algorithm extendss the personal memory outward and is permanently stored,to increase the risk of being called。

third,Algorithm prejudice and government power out of position。Algorithms may increase power polarization,Even the hotbed of extremism。The gap between the rich and the poor in the field of digital information is increasing,and then evolved into a political new hegemony。As Topovler said in "Transfer of Power",The era of artificial intelligence weakened the national political aggregation and national center awareness,In the end, a small number of technology superman and corporate elite manipulate global economy and politics,Ordinary people not only become unemployed,It will also become the right of rights。Artificial intelligence companies that master massive data are likely to become super national organizations,Then challenge government authority。The machine algorithm depends on big data,But big data is not objective neutral。Big data can accurately analyze individual tendencies,and put different individuals into different groups。The more targeted the information recommended to us,The more you can guide our actions and decisions,But we gradually lose ourselves。This is because the algorithm is based on personal data,Screening through targeted information,Form the so -called "filter bubble"。This filtering method will have an induction effect on people,and make people fall into a closed Bet365 lotto review fantasy of self -satisfaction。This "echo mechanism" will also stimulate people's consumption impulses,and use this as a fuel that promotes consumption。The current e -commerce platform uses this "consumer logic" to increase sales,and the government's supervision in terms of regulation is still absent。

 Tame "Saidan"

Value value in the society、Performance and way of thinking is an important part of the upper -level building,and the technical as an important foundation for material conditions to create and develop all this。Now,The development of technology is forcing government governance innovation。This requires government departments to change the concept of governance,Active promoting governance methods according to the needs of technical changes,To give full play to the role of technology in the change of governance。

What needs to be vigilant is,The machine algorithm may surpass the value of technology and become a brand new power form。If the algorithm continues to let the algorithm 僭 僭,will bring the failure of government governance,The final result will be the end of the government responsibility。Hobbes described a "Livatin" with great deterrent "Livatin" with the image of a giant beast。But his attitude towards "Livatin" is positive,Proposal through political means,Place everyone on the value network of an imaginary community,To end the natural state of "everyone's self -danger"。With the rapid advancement of technology,Previously gentle and elegant、"Mr. Sai" leading people to the light,Gradually becoming a huge monster with extremely large strength but not finding the direction- "Saidan"。

In order to avoid the "Sainetan" of the machine algorithm, the "Sainetan" becomes the sword of Damocles pointed to the bet365 live casino games government,We should firmly control the control of technology in our hands,and make full emergency plans。By setting up a "melting" mechanism for decision -making for algorithms,Build a firewall that prevent machines as evil,minimize the risk。So,is the way to tame "Sainetan"。

  (Author Unit: Institute of Political Science, East China University of Political Science and Law)

Editor in charge: Liu Yuan Ship
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