Western Philosophy Phenomenon Movement has been observed after a century of development，and gradually spread it to multiple disciplines，But there has not been a close contact with politics。Introduction to phenomenology methodology in the environment of "method heat" in the political academic community today，What is its necessity and feasibility? How to position the "political phenomenology" formed by the two?

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This "Yun" first refers。In this exercise，Hussels reflects on the crisis of modern science and philosophy，Although the followers of the followers show their own、Each line，But all adhere to the purpose of "facing things itself"，Taking "suspension" as the methodology，The real nature of the world aims to clarify the world -the political world is naturally one of its objects。So，Phenomenology can provide help to provide a method of help for politics，It also implies concerns about political life。

This "transportation" also refers。The development and prosperity of political science and political philosophy formed two positive impacts。First, the high -speed extension of knowledge and theoretical system，Including the expansion of the subject territory、Growth of the breadth of topics and the in -depth methodology and its application; the second is the increasing stability of the research paradigm or order，Especially the discipline boundary and practical methods are more accurate and special。but，Two crises are also as follows: Knowledge System、The theoretical framework and even the inertia of thinking，Make many studies risk in stagflation; it can be called a tendency to be subject to the centralism of Sandianism and methodology，Activity of invasion or even destroying the order of academic dialogue。Copy these two crisis，Political phenomenology shows natural advantages。Depending on the phenomenon, you will never stop pursuing essential requirements，Can promote continuous reflection on existing research，and through reconstruction or expansion，Promoting the sustainable growth of political research。Phenomenology also requires recognition and suspension concepts，Use and weigh the methods，Therefore, it is an active plan Bet365 app download to launch valid with the party、Research plan for orderly dialogue。

In recent years，Domestic political phenomenology research is in line with the aforementioned "transport" to a certain extent，Main issues in the fields of consciousness such as political concepts and concepts，and political memory and rituals such as a specific sense of experiments。Comparison of comparison，The research on political phenomenology in the Western academic community is more scattered，It did not attract widespread attention，And the scholars in the field of phenomenology and philosophy，Research on political phenomenology based on specific political experience or practice is still paid as。

　　Basic positioning of political phenomenology

One of the main pioneers of political phenomenology, HWA YOL JUNG, hopes to build political phenomenology into a kind of sub -discipline。But for political research，Political phenomenology The more appropriate expression is "Phenomenology Politics"，There is a main (but non -master) relationship between the two，It is not suitable to be positioned as the Asian discipline of political science。At least in the current preliminary development stage，Pursue establishing a clear -border discipline paradigm，It will be greatly detained in its vision and hands and feet。So，Current political phenomenology should be positioned as a way of thinking and a research method。

for a long time，Phenomenology is to reorganize the image of traditional reflection philosophy from reorganizing human epistemology，To clarify the truth of things is Guiyi，This is very close to the original meaning of the word "theory"。Ancient Greek "theory" contains the meaning of "travel" and "watch"，This kind of practice comes out of the real knowledge and the ancient Chinese "read thousands of books，Xingwanli Road "combined。but，Just as people often walk in different journeys，Theory also often shows the state of "the dispute between the gods"。So，The world that phenomenology directly faces is a plural form of "theory"，People "forever on their way"，"Find Up and down"。

In order to better walk on the "forest road"，We can borrow two concepts from Husserina for thinking training。The first is to be imagined as "distant aliens"，Temporarily shelve existing experience and common sense，Relying on the consciousness and sensory functions of smart creatures，"From the beginning" and "re -" observe political life。You can from a specific political affairs、Start of behavior or concept，bet365 live casino games All aspects of the object by describing the object as much as possible，So as to build its most complete image in conscious activities，Grasp its original state，"spokesperson" who strives to become the essence of the object。The second is to imagine as "selfless onlookers"，Pick out in the conflict of various political concepts or value judgments，Temporarily put on holding your own habit as a common preference，Re -verify the conflict between the two parties or parties of the conflict。In these two thinking training，The former "Description"，The latter focuses on "Explanation"，Both served 桎梏 桎梏 桎梏 桎梏 桎梏 桎梏 桎梏 桎梏，to make the fuzzy political world clear。

Political phenomenology is mainly to absorb phenomenology in the method sense。Phenomenology is towards the object of experience，Suspension value judgment，After combining with political science，Between the third road that can be the third road in the political philosophy of political science and valuable preferences，Even set up a bridge that runs through the two。Phenomenology methods are used in the research of political science research。First，Phenomenology requirements fully experience the complete attributes of the object，This helps more accurate descriptions that usually have multiple political life。2，Phenomenology requirements fully consider the relationship between the object and its background，This helps to clarify and arrange a highly complex variable in the real political situation。third，Phenomenology requirements Explain the objects in complex and changeable daily life，This helps to dynamically grasp the changes in political significance。Fourth，Phenomenology requirements fully clarify the relationship between the main objects，This helps to surpass simple main and object settings to locate the relationship between political scholars and political life。

　　Basic strategies for political phenomenology methods

How to apply political phenomenology to Political Science Research and Practice，The key to whether the aforementioned concept can be implemented。The essence of phenomenal methodology、The characteristics of the object of political research，Considering that political scholars are generally not familiar with the situation of phenomenon theory，We initially designed four basic strategies for political phenomenology research methods。

First, "Description after multiple experiences"。It is recommended that researchers try their bet365 live casino games best to get rid of the existing cognitive shortcut，Fully call the sensation and perception organs to scan all the elements and attributes of the scanning object like the first sight。This move is particularly helpful to find and evaluate the appropriate topic，and easy to collect in the later literature review work、Set up and evaluate the appropriate specific content。Second, "Reflection based on the fixed -view suspension"。Remind researchers need to be cautiously regarded the existing definition and views as a pre -judgment，Verify it in various ways。This helps more accurate definition and clarification of basic concepts、Content and form, etc.。Third, "Analysis of Gradually Restore"。The key work is to choose and side by side with various related theoretical frameworks，The theoretical framework for them to classify and compare them after looking for the right standard，To improve the adaptability between the theory。Fourth is "Based on the Interpretation of the Life World"。Emphasize all types of political actors、Political organization and political norms are in a "common state" in a sense of meaning。This helps to promote the importance and depth of the interpretation，Efforts to reveal the researcher、Research objects and research itself in the "Surrounding World" and the special and universal significance in the daily life/political world。These four strategies are not stubborn dogma，but the principle of elastic methodology。They are both steps with their respective focus and internal coherence，Being able to logically serve the entire process of research; you can also deform to meet the needs of different research objects and research stages。

　　Methodism of Political Phenomenology

Chinese political phenomenology research has formed some basic consensus in recent years，But also facing two questions that need to be responded。

A question comes from the phenomenal world，It is believed that political phenomenology should be solid on the basis of philosophical phenomenology，or，Can't talk about political phenomenology without understanding phenomenology。，"Polictical Phenomenology", one of the editor -in -chiefs of the Phenomenology, Lester Embree pointed out in "Getting Started"，Real phenomenal scholars must have three vigilance，Don't be addicted to literature interpretation and comments，Don't be a "debate"，Don't be regarded as a professional philosophy; the real task of phenomenal scholars bet365 best casino games is "Finding the Knowledge of things"。So，As a political scholar，If there is no time and energy to read the phenomenon，It can also be based on the conceptual cluster of phenomenology and the basic understanding of academic history，Use "Bringingism"，Focus on "utilitarianity" for the knowledge and methods of phenomenology。

Another question comes from the political academic community，Think of the current quantitative study、mainstream methods such as field research and historical research，Methodism of political phenomenology is not obvious。This may be a misunderstanding。The first is a phenomenology that was originally a method that was fundamentally pursued with "science" to understand the world as the fundamental pursuit，"Method" is its core label。Second is the quality research method such as observation and interview methods. It has always been the most basic method of phenomenology，A large number of applications have been accumulated in phenomenology sociology research。Three is the use of multi -methods and mixed methods for phenomenology，Only advocate openness in method，can ensure that it always "orientation" itself。In short，In the sense of methodology，Political Phenomenon has its own special characteristics，You can summarize it as: "beginning"，"Final" is too late，It starts with the suspension of the miscellaneous confession，Finally, constantly seeking the essence。

For researchers，Even if you have received a systematic training of a research paradigm or method，You can also try to use political phenomenon thinking methods and research methods to improve its research work。In terms of the question,，It is conducive to more clearly explaining the generation and presentation process of problem consciousness，The background and meaning of research more organized in an orderly manner。In terms of conceptual definition and theoretical architecture，It is conducive to further clarification and definition，recognition view，The theoretical framework that grinds out the objects through classification and comparative comparative objects。Research on hot topics，It can be suspended and verified through political phenomenon methods，to find "Blue Ocean"、Avoid "inner volume"。For researchers who have expertise in methodological training，Political phenomenology is similar to the working principle of 3D printers -first "slices" (the structure bet365 Play online games of the object) (the structure of the object) (fully understand the structure of the object)，Then "jet" (content of the objects in an orderly manifestation) is performed by adding material manufacturing -the method and efficiency of the use of the overall and local consideration can help improve the use method and efficiency of the mixing method。

Perhaps，The most interesting place for political phenomenology is，It can connect our daily life and academic work together。Those who are always "hard to see but hard to see，When the object that has been seen without seeing "，It requires us to fully call the vivid "experience";，Destiny of the fate of knowing no end "，It gives us the "sacred sense" of the unknown field;，When the dilemma of giving new words and strong words，It encourages us to capture all possible "stunning"。

【On -site interaction]

Q: Political phenomenology The pursuit of the final fact itself is always open、Never complete，Will it cause unknown?

Answer: Exploring endlessness and unknown theory is two levels of problems，There is no inevitable conflict in the two。Confirm that a study never concluded，It may allow pessimistic people to give up early，But it may also make the optimistic people feel happy。Many times，The yearning for unknown is the biggest motivation of research。So，Relying on political phenomenon to learn a small step in every advance，All contributions; a stunning step in each forward，It is providing insight。

Q: Political phenomenology as a thinking or method，Do you use phenomenon to study political issues? if not，Where is the border between the two?

Answer: To be precise，It is the principle of ontology reflection and methodology with the help of phenomenal theory theory，Help us better understand that research activities as a special human practice are unspeakable，At the same time，Help us to grasp political life more clearly，Putting more competitive descriptions than existing political research、Analysis and Interpretation Plan。What needs attention is，Phenomenology and political phenomenology are different from the specific choice and application，After all, the main research objects of phenomenology and political science are conscious experience and factual experience。Even in the field of political science，It is also more inclined to use the quality or quantitative method of social sciences，Methods that use less psychological philosophy or interpretation。

Q: The observer is difficult to not be subject to the tools that know the world、bet365 live casino games Knowledge Framework、The influence of cultural traditions，How can it be a "selfless observers"?

Answer: Inf person is a pursuit，It is also a requirement。Suspension is a selfless road laid by phenomenology for the observer。Suspension is indeed a bit difficult for political scholars，So you can suspend the concept of conflict first、Knowledge、theory and cognition; then use various methods openly，Describe the object from various angles and paths，Verify the suspension object。

time  Bate: March 16, 2021

Speaker: Wang Haizhou (School of Government Management of Nanjing University)

Correctioner: Pang Jinyou (School of Political and Public Management of China University of Political Science and Law)

Deng  Rock (School of Political and Public Management of China University of Political Science and Law)